5.10 实例讲解 · Java 开源项目中文文档

## 5.10 实例讲解 ### 5.10.1 体会也分为三层界面显示层、数据层、控制层。 + 数据层比较复杂。每个图形有不同的数据类型。Dataset类控制。 + 控制层Plot，饼图使用PiePlot设置显示的图形的面貌的控制，JFreeChart最丰富的功能。 + 设置片区颜色 + 设置标签（文本格式、背景颜色等） + 设置是否取出某块。 + 设置饼图是否为圆形 + 设置饼图旋转。 + 显示层JFreeChart使用数据、控制直接将数据显示出来。 ### 5.10.2 类PieChartDemo1.java 效果图如下： ![](img/jfc12629.png) 代码编写典型的使用了面对对象的方法： ![](img/jfc12650.png) 全部代码如下： ``` package demo; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Font; import javax.swing.JPanel; import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory; import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel; import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart; import org.jfree.chart.plot.PiePlot; import org.jfree.chart.title.TextTitle; import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset; import org.jfree.data.general.PieDataset; import org.jfree.ui.ApplicationFrame; import org.jfree.ui.RefineryUtilities; public class PieChartDemo1 extends ApplicationFrame { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 2598557557724085474L; public PieChartDemo1(String string) { super(string); JPanel jpanel = createDemoPanel(); jpanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500, 270)); setContentPane(jpanel); } private static PieDataset createDataset() { DefaultPieDataset defaultpiedataset = new DefaultPieDataset(); defaultpiedataset.setValue("One", new Double(43.2)); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Two", new Double(10.0)); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Three", new Double(27.5)); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Four", new Double(17.5)); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Five", new Double(11.0)); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Six", new Double(19.4)); return defaultpiedataset; } private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset) { JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("Pie Chart Demo 1", piedataset, true, true, false); TextTitle texttitle = jfreechart.getTitle(); texttitle.setToolTipText("A title tooltip!"); PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) jfreechart.getPlot(); pieplot.setLabelFont(new Font("Arial Black", 0, 20)); pieplot.setNoDataMessage("No data available"); pieplot.setCircular(false); pieplot.setLabelGap(0.02); return jfreechart; } public static JPanel createDemoPanel() { JFreeChart jfreechart = createChart(createDataset()); return new ChartPanel(jfreechart); } public static void main(String[] strings) { PieChartDemo1 piechartdemo1 = new PieChartDemo1("Pie Chart Demo 1"); piechartdemo1.pack(); RefineryUtilities.centerFrameOnScreen(piechartdemo1); piechartdemo1.setVisible(true); } } ``` ### 5.10.3 类PieChartDemo2.java 功能： “取出“片区显示。效果： ![](img/jfc14822.png) 代码： ``` private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset) { JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("PieChart Demo 2", piedataset, true, true, false); PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) jfreechart.getPlot(); pieplot.setSectionPaint("One", new Color(160, 160, 255)); pieplot.setSectionPaint("Two", new Color(128, 128, 223)); pieplot.setSectionPaint("Three", new Color(96, 96, 191)); pieplot.setSectionPaint("Four", new Color(64, 64, 159)); pieplot.setSectionPaint("Five", new Color(32, 32, 127)); pieplot.setSectionPaint("Six", new Color(0, 0, 111)); pieplot.setNoDataMessage("No data available"); pieplot.setExplodePercent("Two", 0.5); pieplot.setLabelGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("{0} ({2} percent)")); pieplot.setLabelBackgroundPaint(new Color(220, 220, 220)); pieplot.setLegendLabelToolTipGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("Tooltip for legend item {0}")); return jfreechart; } ``` 程序代码说明： + `setSectionPaint("One", new Color(160, 160, 255))`：设置某个片区的填充颜色。第一个参数为片区的标识，第二个参数为色值。 + `setNoDataMessage("No data available")`：设置dataset为null时显示的提示信息。 + `setLabelGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("{0}({2} percent)"))`：设置标签显示的格式。 + `setLabelBackgroundPaint(new Color(220, 220, 220))`：设置标签的背景颜色。 + `setLegendLabelToolTipGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("Tooltip for legend item {0}"))`：设置鼠标滑过图表是显示鼠标当前片区的提示信息。 + `pieplot.setExplodePercent("Two", 0.5)`：将第2个片区取出显示。后面一个参数是取出的距离，是一个比例数。 ### 5.10.4 类PieChartDemo3.java 功能：显示了dataset为空时，设置的提示信息。效果： ![](img/jfc16327.png) 代码： ``` private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset) { JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("Pie Chart Demo 3", null, true, true, false); PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) jfreechart.getPlot(); pieplot.setNoDataMessage("没有有效的数据显示!"); pieplot.setNoDataMessageFont(new Font("黑体", 2, 20)); pieplot.setNoDataMessagePaint(Color.red); return jfreechart; } ``` 程序代码说明： + `setNoDataMessage("没有有效的数据显示!")`：设置提示信息内容。 + `setNoDataMessageFont(new Font("Serif", 2, 10))`：设置提示信息的字体和大小。 + `setNoDataMessagePaint(Color.red)`：设置提示信息字体的颜色。 ### 5.10.5 类PieChartDemo4.java 功能：带有按钮的图表，通过对dataset的排序，可以改变片区的位置。效果： ![](img/jfc16935.png) 代码： ``` public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionevent) { String string = actionevent.getActionCommand(); if ("BY_KEY".equals(string)) { if (!ascendingByKey) { dataset.sortByKeys(SortOrder.ASCENDING); ascendingByKey = true; } else { dataset.sortByKeys(SortOrder.DESCENDING); ascendingByKey = false; } } else if ("BY_VALUE".equals(string)) { if (!ascendingByValue) { dataset.sortByValues(SortOrder.ASCENDING); ascendingByValue = true; } else { dataset.sortByValues(SortOrder.DESCENDING); ascendingByValue = false; } } else if ("RANDOM".equals(string)) { ArrayList arraylist = new ArrayList(dataset.getKeys()); Collections.shuffle(arraylist); DefaultPieDataset defaultpiedataset = new DefaultPieDataset(); Iterator iterator = arraylist.iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { Comparable comparable = (Comparable) iterator.next(); defaultpiedataset.setValue(comparable, dataset .getValue(comparable)); } PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) chart.getPlot(); pieplot.setDataset(defaultpiedataset); dataset = defaultpiedataset; } } ``` 程序代码说明： + `dataset.sortByKeys(SortOrder.ASCENDING);`通过片区的关键值进行升序排序。 + `dataset.sortByValues(SortOrder.DESCENDING);`通过片区的值进行降序排序。 ### 5.10.6 类PieChartDemo5.java 功能：右边两个饼图为原形的，而左边两个为椭圆形的。效果： ![](img/jfc18265.png) 代码： ``` public static JPanel createDemoPanel() { JPanel jpanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 2)); DefaultPieDataset defaultpiedataset = new DefaultPieDataset(); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Section 1", 23.3); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Section 2", 56.5); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Section 3", 43.3); defaultpiedataset.setValue("Section 4", 11.1); // JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("Chart 1", defaultpiedataset, false, false, false); jfreechart.addSubtitle(new TextTitle("setCircular(true);", new Font( "Dialog", 0, 12))); PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) jfreechart.getPlot(); pieplot.setCircular(true); // JFreeChart jfreechart_0_ = ChartFactory.createPieChart("Chart 2", defaultpiedataset, false, false, false); jfreechart_0_.addSubtitle(new TextTitle("setCircular(false);", new Font("Dialog", 0, 12))); PiePlot pieplot_1_ = (PiePlot) jfreechart_0_.getPlot(); pieplot_1_.setCircular(false); // JFreeChart jfreechart_2_ = ChartFactory.createPieChart3D("Chart 3", defaultpiedataset, false, false, false); jfreechart_2_.addSubtitle(new TextTitle("setCircular(true);", new Font( "Dialog", 0, 12))); PiePlot3D pieplot3d = (PiePlot3D) jfreechart_2_.getPlot(); pieplot3d.setForegroundAlpha(0.6F); pieplot3d.setCircular(true); // JFreeChart jfreechart_3_ = ChartFactory.createPieChart3D("Chart 4", defaultpiedataset, false, false, false); jfreechart_3_.addSubtitle(new TextTitle("setCircular(false);", new Font("Dialog", 0, 12))); PiePlot3D pieplot3d_4_ = (PiePlot3D) jfreechart_3_.getPlot(); pieplot3d_4_.setForegroundAlpha(0.6F); pieplot3d_4_.setCircular(false); jpanel.add(new ChartPanel(jfreechart)); jpanel.add(new ChartPanel(jfreechart_0_)); jpanel.add(new ChartPanel(jfreechart_2_)); jpanel.add(new ChartPanel(jfreechart_3_)); jpanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 600)); return jpanel; } ``` 程序代码说明： + `pieplot.setCircular(true)`：设置饼图为圆形。 + `jpanel.add`方法可以添加多个图形的panel ### 5.10.7 类PieChartDemo6.java 功能：显示饼图对零值和null值的处理。效果： ![](img/jfc20307.png) 代码： ``` public static JPanel createDemoPanel() { JPanel jpanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 2)); JFreeChart jfreechart = createChart("Pie Chart 1", createDataset()); Font font = new Font("Dialog", 0, 12); jfreechart.addSubtitle(new TextTitle( "Ignore nulls: false; Ignore zeros: false;", font)); JFreeChart jfreechart_0_ = createChart("Pie Chart 2", createDataset()); jfreechart_0_.addSubtitle(new TextTitle( "Ignore nulls: true; Ignore zeros: false;", font)); PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) jfreechart_0_.getPlot(); pieplot.setIgnoreNullValues(true); pieplot.setIgnoreZeroValues(false); JFreeChart jfreechart_1_ = createChart("Pie Chart 3", createDataset()); jfreechart_1_.addSubtitle(new TextTitle( "Ignore nulls: false; Ignore zeros: true;", font)); PiePlot pieplot_2_ = (PiePlot) jfreechart_1_.getPlot(); pieplot_2_.setIgnoreNullValues(false); pieplot_2_.setIgnoreZeroValues(true); JFreeChart jfreechart_3_ = createChart("Pie Chart 4", createDataset()); jfreechart_3_.addSubtitle(new TextTitle( "Ignore nulls: true; Ignore zeros: true;", font)); PiePlot pieplot_4_ = (PiePlot) jfreechart_3_.getPlot(); pieplot_4_.setIgnoreNullValues(true); pieplot_4_.setIgnoreZeroValues(true); jpanel.add(new ChartPanel(jfreechart)); jpanel.add(new ChartPanel(jfreechart_0_)); jpanel.add(new ChartPanel(jfreechart_1_)); jpanel.add(new ChartPanel(jfreechart_3_)); return jpanel; } ``` 程序代码说明： + `pieplot.setIgnoreNullValues(true)`：设置饼图忽略null值，即是null值将不显示。 + `pieplot.setIgnoreZeroValues(false);`设置饼图不忽略零值。即图表中显示出零值。 ### 5.10.8 类PieChartDemo7.java 功能：图表能够旋转，标签也随之移动。效果： ![](img/jfc21906.png) 代码： ``` public static JPanel createDemoPanel() { PieDataset piedataset = createDataset(14); JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("Pie Chart Demo 7", piedataset, false, true, false); jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(new Color(222, 222, 255)); PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) jfreechart.getPlot(); pieplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white); pieplot.setCircular(true); pieplot.setLabelGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator( "{0} = {2}", NumberFormat.getNumberInstance(), NumberFormat .getPercentInstance())); pieplot.setNoDataMessage("No data available"); ChartPanel chartpanel = new ChartPanel(jfreechart); chartpanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500, 270)); Rotator rotator = new Rotator(pieplot); rotator.start(); return chartpanel; } ``` 程序代码说明： + 使用Rotator对象，旋转饼图。代码如上。 ### 5.10.9 类PieChartDemo8.java 功能：编写自定义标签产生器，将Two标签不显示。效果： ![](img/jfc22779.png) 代码： ``` private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset) { JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("Pie Chart Demo 8", piedataset, false, true, false); PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) jfreechart.getPlot(); pieplot.setLabelGenerator(new CustomLabelGenerator()); return jfreechart; } static class CustomLabelGenerator implements PieSectionLabelGenerator { public String generateSectionLabel(PieDataset piedataset, Comparable comparable) { String string = null; if (piedataset != null && !comparable.equals("Two")) string = comparable.toString(); return string; } public AttributedString generateAttributedSectionLabel( PieDataset piedataset, Comparable comparable) { Object object = null; String string = comparable.toString(); String string_0_ = (string + " : " + String.valueOf(piedataset .getValue(comparable))); AttributedString attributedstring = new AttributedString(string_0_); attributedstring.addAttribute(TextAttribute.WEIGHT, TextAttribute.WEIGHT_BOLD, 0, string.length() - 1); return attributedstring; } } ``` 程序代码说明： + 自定义`CustomLabelGenerator`，必须实现接口`PieSectionLabelGenerator`。 ### 5.10.10 类PieChart3DDemo1.java 功能： 3D效果的饼图。效果： ![](img/jfc23989.png) 代码： ``` private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset) { JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart3D( "Pie Chart 3D Demo 1", piedataset, true, true, false); PiePlot3D pieplot3d = (PiePlot3D) jfreechart.getPlot(); pieplot3d.setStartAngle(180.0); pieplot3d.setDirection(Rotation.CLOCKWISE); pieplot3d.setForegroundAlpha(0.5F); pieplot3d.setNoDataMessage("No data to display"); return jfreechart; } ``` 程序代码说明： + 使用`ChartFactory`的方法`createPieChart3D`创建3D效果的饼图。 + `setStartAngle(180.0)`：设置旋转角度。 + `setDirection(Rotation.CLOCKWISE)`：设置旋转方向，`Rotation.CLOCKWISE`为顺时针。 + `setForegroundAlpha(0.5F)`：设置图表透明图0.0~1.0范围。0.0为完全透明，1.0为完全不透明。 ### 5.10.11 类MultiplePieChartDemo1.java 功能：使用CategoryDataset数据集，在一个图表上产生多个饼图。效果： ![](img/jfc24710.png) 代码： ``` private static CategoryDataset createDataset() { double[][] ds = { { 3.0, 4.0, 3.0, 5.0 }, { 5.0, 7.0, 6.0, 8.0 }, { 5.0, 7.0, Double.NaN, 3.0 }, { 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 }, { 2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0 } }; CategoryDataset categorydataset = DatasetUtilities .createCategoryDataset("Region ", "Sales/Q", ds); return categorydataset; } ``` 程序代码说明： + 创建`CategoryDataset`的方法。 ``` private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset) { JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createMultiplePieChart( "Multiple Pie Chart", categorydataset, TableOrder.BY_ROW, true, true, false); MultiplePiePlot multiplepieplot = (MultiplePiePlot) jfreechart .getPlot(); JFreeChart jfreechart_0_ = multiplepieplot.getPieChart(); PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot) jfreechart_0_.getPlot(); pieplot.setLabelGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("{0}")); pieplot.setLabelFont(new Font("SansSerif", 0, 8)); pieplot.setInteriorGap(0.3); return jfreechart; } ``` 程序代码说明： + 使用`ChartFactory`的方法`createMultiplePieChart()`创建多个饼图的图表。 + `multiplepieplot.getPieChart()`：获得单个饼图的图表。