Private Networks (私有网络)
1、什么是私有网络
就是不能路由到公网,通过私有网络获取的IP地址,不能上网,只能在这个私有网络中的机器可以互相通信
2、应用场景
1)当我们搭建一个集群架构(反向代理)的时候,我们需要隐藏后面的web服务器,那么此时就可以让这个web服务器获取一个私有网络的IP
2)让一些服务,不让其监听到公网,只监听到内网IP,避免一些攻击
3、私有网段包含哪些 (这里的*表示可以设置1-255中的任意值)
A类地址: 10.*.*.*/8 (10.*.*.*/255.0.0.0)
B类地址: 172.16.*.*/16-----172.32.*.*/16 (172.16.*.*/255.255.0.0---172.31.*.*/255.255.0.0)
C类地址:192.168.*.*/255.255.255.0
(注意:配置vagrant里面的虚拟机的私有网段的时候,切记不能和企业(公司)内部的DHCP分配的IP地址在同一网段,否则会发生冲突
4、配置
1)通过dhcp获取
案例:
[root@vagrant ubuntu]# vagrant suspend
==> default: Saving VM state and suspending execution...
[root@vagrant ubuntu]# vim Vagrantfile
添加如下
config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp"
重新reload
[root@vagrant ubuntu]# vagrant reload
查看:
[root@vagrant ubuntu]# vagrant ssh
Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-112-generic x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage
Get cloud support with Ubuntu Advantage Cloud Guest:
http://www.ubuntu.com/business/services/cloud
0 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.
Last login: Tue Jan 30 08:08:03 2018 from 10.0.2.2
vagrant@ubuntu-xenial:~$ ifconfig
enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:1f:2a:60:99:e3
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::1f:2aff:fe60:99e3/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:688 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:414 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:262440 (262.4 KB) TX bytes:54424 (54.4 KB)
enp0s8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:db:ae:a8
inet addr:172.28.128.3 Bcast:172.28.128.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fedb:aea8/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1180 (1.1 KB) TX bytes:1332 (1.3 KB)
(这里的172.28.128.3就是私有网络的地址)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
(由于通过动态DHCP分配,IP地址我们没法预计,因此一般通过配置static IP地址
)
2)Static IP
(虚拟机A)
[root@vagrant ubuntu]# vim Vagrantfile
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.10"
(虚拟机B)
[root@vagrant ubuntu16.04_xionghaihua]# vim Vagrantfile
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.55.20"
然后分别启动虚拟机A,虚拟机B
虚拟机A的如下:
[root@vagrant ubuntu]# vagrant ssh
Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-112-generic x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage
Get cloud support with Ubuntu Advantage Cloud Guest:
http://www.ubuntu.com/business/services/cloud
0 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.
vagrant@ubuntu-xenial:~$ ifconfig
enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:1f:2a:60:99:e3
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::1f:2aff:fe60:99e3/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:839 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:508 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:283219 (283.2 KB) TX bytes:68401 (68.4 KB)
enp0s8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:63:d4:ca
inet addr:192.168.50.10 Bcast:192.168.50.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe63:d4ca/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
虚拟机B的如下
[root@vagrant ubuntu16.04_xionghaihua]# vagrant ssh
Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-112-generic x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage
Get cloud support with Ubuntu Advantage Cloud Guest:
http://www.ubuntu.com/business/services/cloud
0 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.
vagrant@ubuntu-xenial:~$ ifconfig
enp0s8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:5b:dd:df
inet addr:192.168.50.20 Bcast:192.168.55.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe5b:dddf/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
最后测试,虚拟机之间是否可以互通
![](https://box.kancloud.cn/8241e2a28d5abd39124820c620009caf_1249x478.png)
注意:
如果你想通过手工静态指定IP地址,切记
1)不能和公司内部的DHCP分配的地址冲突
2) 可以添加auto_config: false (关闭自动配置的功能)
案例如下
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.10",
auto_config: false
end
- 第一章:Vagrant基础介绍
- 第二章:Vagrant的安装部署
- 第一节:在centos7.3的系统上安装部署vagrant
- 第二节:在windows server 2008 R2的系统上安装部署vagrant
- 第三章:vagrant常见命令
- 第一节:box
- 第二节:虚拟机相关的命令
- 第四章:vagrant管理虚拟机
- 第一节:初始化centos6的系统
- 第二节:初始化ubuntu16.04的系统
- 第三节:打包自己的box
- 第五章:Vagrant之网络配置
- 第一节:通过Forwarded Ports(转发端口)
- 第二节:Private Networks(私有网络)
- 第三节:Public Networks(公有网络)
- 第六章:常见错误
- 第七章:Vagrant之文件同步方式
- 第一节:synced_folder(把物理机的目录同步到虚拟机里某个目录)
- 第二节:通过NFS共享
- 第三节:通过rsync共享
- 第八章:Vagrantfile配置文件