### 1.说明 Json，全称为JavaScript Object Notation，即JavaScript对象标记 json格式: ``` [{ "name": "Bob", "gender": "male", "birthday": "1992-10-18" }, { "name": "Selina", "gender": "female", "birthday": "1995-10-18" }] ``` ### 2.读取Json 通过json库实现对json文件的读写操作，调用json库的loads\(\)方法将Json文本字符串转为Json对象，可以通过dumps\(\)方法将Json对象转为文本字符串 实例: ``` import json content = """ [{ "name": "Bob", "gender": "male", "birthday": "1992-10-18" }, { "name": "Selina", "gender": "female", "birthday": "1995-10-18" }] """ print(type(content)) content = json.loads(content) print(type(content)) print(content) ``` 运行结果: ``` <class 'str'> <class 'dict'> [{'name': 'Bob', 'gender': 'male', 'birthday': '1992-10-18'}, {'name': 'Selina', 'gender': 'female', 'birthday': '1995-10-18'}] ``` 注意: Json 的数据需要用双引号来包围，不能使用单引号，不然会抛出如下错误 ``` json.decoder.JSONDecodeError: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 3 column 5 (char 8) ``` 从json文本中读取内容 ``` import json with open('test.json','r') as f: content = f.read() content = json.loads(content) print(content) ``` 运行结果: ``` [{'name': 'Bob', 'gender': 'male', 'birthday': '1992-10-18'}, {'name': 'Selina', 'gender': 'female', 'birthday': '1995-10-18'}] ``` ### 3.输出json 利用dumps\(\)方法将json对象转化为字符串，然后使用write\(\)方法写入文本中 ``` import json content = [{ 'name': 'Bob', 'gender': 'male', 'birthday': '1992-10-18' }] with open('test2.json','w') as f: f.write(json.dumps(content)) ``` 如果json中包含中文字符，为了保证输出正文，需要指定一个参数ensure\_ascii=False，另外还需要指定文件输出的编码 ``` import json content = [{ 'name': '天使', 'gender': '女', 'birthday': '1992-10-18' }] with open('test2.json','w',encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii=False,indent=2)) ```