# Validate API
**validate API** 允许用户验证一个可能复杂(expensive)的查询而不执行它。 我们将使用以下测试数据来解释_validate:
|
`PUT twitter/tweet/_bulk?refresh`
`{``"index"``:{``"_id"``:``1``}}`
`{``"user"` `: ``"kimchy"``, ``"post_date"` `: ``"2009-11-15T14:12:12"``, ``"message"` `: ``"trying out Elasticsearch"``}`
`{``"index"``:{``"_id"``:``2``}}`
`{``"user"` `: ``"kimchi"``, ``"post_date"` `: ``"2009-11-15T14:12:13"``, ``"message"` `: ``"My username is similar to @kimchy!"``}`
|
当发送一个有效查询时:
|
`GET twitter/_validate/query?q=user:foo`
|
响应包含有效:true:
|
`{``"valid"``:``true``,``"_shards"``:{``"total"``:``1``,``"successful"``:``1``,``"failed"``:``0``}}`
|
### Request Parameters
当执行查询使用查询参数q时,传递的查询是使用Lucene查询解析器的查询字符串。 还有其他可以传递的参数:
|
Name
|
Description
|
| --- | --- |
| `df` | 在查询中未定义字段前缀时使用的默认字段。 |
| `analyzer` | 分析查询字符串时使用的分析器名称。 |
| `default_operator` | 要使用的默认运算符,可以是 **AND** 或 **OR**。 默认为 **OR**。 |
| `lenient` | 如果设置为 **true** 将导致基于格式的失败(例如向数字字段提供文本)被忽略。 默认为 **false**。 |
| `lowercase_expanded_terms` | 术语是否自动小写,默认为** true **。 |
| `analyze_wildcard` | 是否分析通配符和前缀查询。 默认为false。 |
查询也可以在请求主体中发送:
|
`GET twitter/tweet/_validate/query`
`{`
`"query"` `: {`
`"bool"` `: {`
`"must"` `: {`
`"query_string"` `: {`
`"query"` `: ``"*:*"`
`}`
`},`
`"filter"` `: {`
`"term"` `: { ``"user"` `: ``"kimchy"` `}`
`}`
`}`
`}`
`}`
|
注意
在正文中发送的查询必须嵌套在查询键中,与 **Search API** 相同。
如果查询无效,则`返回信息中 valid` 将为 false。 在这里,查询无效,因为 **Elasticsearch** 知道post_date字段应该是动态映射的日期,foo无法正确解析为日期:
|
`GET twitter/tweet/_validate/query?q=post_date:foo`
`{``"valid"``:``false``,``"_shards"``:{``"total"``:``1``,``"successful"``:``1``,``"failed"``:``0``}}`
|
可以指定** explain** 参数以获取有关查询失败原因的更详细信息:
|
`GET twitter/tweet/_validate/query?q=post_date:foo&explain=``true`
|
响应是:
|
`{`
`"valid"` `: ``false``,`
`"_shards"` `: {`
`"total"` `: ``1``,`
`"successful"` `: ``1``,`
`"failed"` `: ``0`
`},`
`"explanations"` `: [ {`
`"index"` `: ``"twitter"``,`
`"valid"` `: ``false``,`
`"error"` `: ``"twitter/IAEc2nIXSSunQA_suI0MLw] QueryShardException[failed to create query:...failed to parse date field [foo]"`
`} ]`
`}`
|
当查询有效时,**explanations **默认为该查询的字符串表示形式。 将 **rewrite** 设置为 **true** 时,**explanations **将更详细地显示将要执行的实际Lucene查询。
模糊查询(**Fuzzy Queries**):
|
`GET twitter/tweet/_validate/query?rewrite=``true`
`{`
`"query"``: {`
`"match"``: {`
`"user"``: {`
`"query"``: ``"kimchy"``,`
`"fuzziness"``: ``"auto"`
`}`
`}`
`}`
`}`
|
响应:
|
`{`
`"valid"``: ``true``,`
`"_shards"``: {`
`"total"``: ``1``,`
`"successful"``: ``1``,`
`"failed"``: ``0`
`},`
`"explanations"``: [`
`{`
`"index"``: ``"twitter"``,`
`"valid"``: ``true``,`
`"explanation"``: ``"+user:kimchy +user:kimchi^0.75 #(ConstantScore(_type:tweet))^0.0"`
`}`
`]`
`}`
|
相似度查询(**More Like This**):
|
`GET twitter/tweet/_validate/query?rewrite=``true`
`{`
`"query"``: {`
`"more_like_this"``: {`
`"like"``: {`
`"_id"``: ``"2"`
`},`
`"boost_terms"``: ``1`
`}`
`}`
`}`
|
响应:
|
`{`
`"valid"``: ``true``,`
`"_shards"``: {`
`"total"``: ``1``,`
`"successful"``: ``1``,`
`"failed"``: ``0`
`},`
`"explanations"``: [`
`{`
`"index"``: ``"twitter"``,`
`"valid"``: ``true``,`
`"explanation"``: ``"((user:terminator^3.71334 plot:future^2.763601 plot:human^2.8415773 plot:sarah^3.4193945 plot:kyle^3.8244398 plot:cyborg^3.9177752 plot:connor^4.040236 plot:reese^4.7133346 ... )~6) -ConstantScore(_uid:tweet#2)) #(ConstantScore(_type:tweet))^0.0"`
`}`
`]`
`}`
|
警告
请求只在单个分片上执行,这是随机选择的。 查询的详细解释可以取决于哪个分片被命中,并且因此可以从一个请求到另一个请求而变化。
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