# Text
## 简述
该字段用于索引全文文本,例如电子邮件的正文或产品的描述。 对这些字段进行`analyzed` ,即通过[分析器](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/analysis.html&usg=ALkJrhirN7jhwydyE_LAqx9sWSrWroJIEw "分析")将其转换成索引之前的各个术语列表。 分析过程允许Elasticsearch搜索每个全文本字段中的单个单词。 文本字段不用于排序,很少用于聚合(尽管[重要的术语聚合](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-aggregations-bucket-significantterms-aggregation.html)是一个显着的例外)。
如果您需要索引结构化内容(如电子邮件地址,主机名,状态代码或标签),则可能您应该使用[`keyword`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/keyword.html&usg=ALkJrhhyUd1xPy5C3s0WRAvmcIZEdkdTog "关键字数据类型")字段。 对于代码或标签,您也可能应该使用[`keyword`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/keyword.html&usg=ALkJrhhyUd1xPy5C3s0WRAvmcIZEdkdTog "关键字数据类型")字段。
## 示例
以下是文本字段的映射示例:
|
`PUT my_index`
`{`
`"mappings"``: {`
`"my_type"``: {`
`"properties"``: {`
`"full_name"``: {`
`"type"``: ``"text"`
`}`
`}`
`}`
`}`
`}`
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有时,同时具有全文( `text` )和关键字( `keyword` )版本是有帮助的:一个用于全文本搜索,另一个用于聚合和排序。 这可以通过多字段实现。
## 参数
`text`字段接受以下参数:
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[`analyzer`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/analyzer.html&usg=ALkJrhjWYcEqRqAnSdiBQHby7_zK46-Dpw "分析仪")
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[分析器](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/analysis.html&usg=ALkJrhirN7jhwydyE_LAqx9sWSrWroJIEw "分析")应用于[`analyzed`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-index.html&usg=ALkJrhjDd2JjTHxFwTWIVGOI0jtRnFerSQ "指数")字符串字段,无论是在索引时间还是在搜索时间(除非被[`search_analyzer`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-analyzer.html&usg=ALkJrhjlUDDK1IODYLamOAaDkDghyQMDdg "search_analyzer") )。 默认为默认索引分析器或[`standard`分析器](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/analysis-standard-analyzer.html&usg=ALkJrhgnaMsuZ8BjMzcdTPsqtO7AIaLIMw "标准分析仪")。
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[`boost`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-boost.html&usg=ALkJrhgVxuBoIuXlpit73lN4jkPWykZGvQ "促进")
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映射字段级查询时间提升。 接受一个浮点数,默认为`1.0` 。
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[`eager_global_ordinals`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/fielddata.html&usg=ALkJrhh444VidGXZXd5bc6TTbow62TkW8A#global-ordinals "全球序数")
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是否应该全新加载全局序号? `true`或`false` (默认)。 对于经常用于(重要)术语聚合的字段,启用此功能是一个好主意。
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[`fielddata`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/fielddata.html&usg=ALkJrhh444VidGXZXd5bc6TTbow62TkW8A "fielddata")
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是否可以使用内存中的字段数据进行排序,聚合或脚本编写? `true`或`false` (默认)。
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[`fielddata_frequency_filter`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/fielddata.html&usg=ALkJrhh444VidGXZXd5bc6TTbow62TkW8A#field-data-filtering "fielddata_frequency_filter")
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此为高级设置,允许在`fielddata`启用时决定哪些值加载到内存中。 默认情况下,所有值都被加载。
|
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[`fields`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/multi-fields.html&usg=ALkJrhhcdnrgkkNQb_bKmdXsZM0KxinNCg "领域")
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多字段允许以多种方式将相同的字符串值索引到不同的目的,例如用于搜索的一个字段和用于排序和聚合的多字段,或由不同分析器分析的相同字符串值。
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[`include_in_all`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/include-in-all.html&usg=ALkJrhgG9Eb106moxBiIQnY_RNe0JdNslQ "include_in_all")
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字段值是否应包含在`[_all](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-all-field.html)`字段中? 接受`true`或`false` 。如果[`index`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-index.html)设置为`no` ,或者如果父[`object`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/object.html)字段将`include_in_all,默认`设置为`false。` 否则默认为`true` 。
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[`index`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-index.html&usg=ALkJrhjDd2JjTHxFwTWIVGOI0jtRnFerSQ "指数")
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应该可以搜索该字段吗? 接受`true` (默认)或`false` 。
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[`index_options`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index-options.html&usg=ALkJrhgQjMZt-jQff64GWpfI4_uUZQXhng "index_options")
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索引中应存储哪些信息,以便搜索和突出显示。 默认为`positions` 。
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[`norms`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/norms.html&usg=ALkJrhhQhhAljkCCEu4CRzb_QAKpnB-Ebg "规范")
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在评分查询时是否应考虑字段长度。 接受`true` (默认)或`false` 。
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[`position_increment_gap`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/position-increment-gap.html&usg=ALkJrhij_VFqNMYfvb9WpQZRHKG4Bo-WDw "position_increment_gap")
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应该在字符串数组的每个元素之间插入的假项目位置的数量。 默认为在分析器上配置的`position_increment_gap` ,默认为`100` 。 `100`被选中,因为它阻止了匹配术语与字段值之间的合理大小的间隔(小于100)的短语查询。
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[`store`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-store.html&usg=ALkJrhjnu1ugPHKcE2l9aGRTyKps04ZZuQ "商店")
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字段值是否应与[`_source`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-source-field.html)字段分开存储和检索。 接受`true`或`false` (默认)。
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[`search_analyzer`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-analyzer.html&usg=ALkJrhjlUDDK1IODYLamOAaDkDghyQMDdg "search_analyzer")
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[`analyzer`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/analyzer.html)应在搜索时使用在[`analyzed`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-index.html)领域。 默认为`analyzer`设置。
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[`search_quote_analyzer`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/analyzer.html&usg=ALkJrhjWYcEqRqAnSdiBQHby7_zK46-Dpw#search-quote-analyzer "search_quote_analyzer")
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在遇到短语时应在搜索时使用的分析器。 默认为`search_analyzer`设置。
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[`similarity`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/similarity.html&usg=ALkJrhjJYQJNZkE-ZD-zKQFnUhYPAjJF6A "相似")
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应该使用哪种评分算法或*相似度* 。 默认为`BM25` 。
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[`term_vector`](https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=zh-CN&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=en&sp=nmt4&tl=zh-CN&u=https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/term-vector.html&usg=ALkJrhgSxB9ohl9dspjVWXraJPmeDtVYZg "term_vector")
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是否应为[`analyzed`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-index.html)字段存储术语向量。 默认为`no` 。
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从2.x导入的索引不支持`text` 。 相反,他们会尝试将`text`降级为`string` 。 这使您可以将现有映射与旧版映射进行合并。 在升级到6.x之前,必须重新生成长命索引,但映射降级可让您有机会按照自己的时间表进行安排。
- 入门
- 基本概念
- 安装
- 探索你的集群
- 集群健康
- 列出所有索引库
- 创建一个索引库
- 索引文档创建与查询
- 删除一个索引库
- 修改你的数据
- 更新文档
- 删除文档
- 批量处理
- 探索你的数据
- 搜索API
- 查询语言介绍
- 执行搜索
- 执行过滤
- 执行聚合
- 总结
- Elasticsearch设置
- 安装Elasticsearch
- .zip或.tar.gz文件的安装方式
- Install Elasticsearch with .zip on Windows
- Debian软件包安装方式
- RPM安装方式
- Install Elasticsearch with Windows MSI Installer
- Docker安装方式
- 配置Elasticsearch
- 安全配置
- 日志配置
- 重要的Elasticsearch配置
- 重要的系统配置
- 系统设置
- 在jvm.options中设置JVM堆大小
- 禁用swapping
- 文件描述符
- 虚拟内存
- 线程数
- DNS cache settings
- 启动前检查
- 堆大小检查
- 文件描述符检查
- 内存锁定检查
- 最大线程数检查
- 最大虚拟内存检查
- Max file size check
- 最大map数检查
- JVM Client模式检查
- 串行收集使用检查
- 系统调用过滤检查
- OnError与OnOutOfMemoryError检查
- Early-access check
- G1GC检查
- Elasticsearch停机
- Elasticsearch升级
- 滚动升级
- 全集群重启升级
- 索引重建升级
- Set up X-Pack
- Installing X-Pack
- X-Pack Settings
- Watcher Settings
- Configuring Security
- Breaking changes in 6.0
- X-Pack Breaking Changes
- 重大变化
- 6.0的重大变化
- 聚合变化
- Cat API变化
- 客户端变化
- 集群变化
- 文档API变化
- 索引变化
- 预处理变化
- 映射变化
- Packaging变化
- Percolator变化
- 插件变化
- 索引重建变化
- 信息统计变化
- DSL查询变化
- 设置变化
- 脚本变化
- API约定
- 多索引语法
- 索引库名称的日期运算
- 常用选项
- URL-based访问控制
- 文档APIs
- 读写文档
- 索引接口
- Get接口
- Delete API
- Delete By Query API
- Update API
- Update By Query API
- Multi Get API
- Bulk API
- Reindex API
- Term Vectors
- Multi termvectors API
- ?refresh
- 搜索APIs
- Search
- URI Search
- Request Body Search
- Query
- From / Size
- Sort
- Source filtering
- Fields
- Script Fields
- Doc value Fields
- Post filter
- Highlighting
- Rescoring
- Search Type
- Scroll
- Preference
- Explain
- Version
- Index Boost
- min_score
- Named Queries
- Inner hits
- Field Collapsing
- Search After
- Search Template
- Multi Search Template
- Search Shards API
- Suggesters
- Term suggester
- Phrase Suggester
- Completion Suggester
- Context Suggester
- Returning the type of the suggester
- Multi Search API
- Count API
- Validate API
- Explain API
- Profile API
- Profiling Queries
- Profiling Aggregations
- Profiling Considerations
- Field Capabilities API
- Aggregations
- Metrics Aggregations
- 平均值聚合
- 值计数聚合(Value Count Aggregation)
- Cardinality Aggregation
- Extended Stats Aggregation
- 地理边界聚合
- 地理重心聚合
- Max Aggregation
- Min Aggregation
- Percentiles Aggregation
- Percentile Ranks Aggregation
- Scripted Metric Aggregation
- Stats Aggregation
- Sum Aggregation
- Top hits Aggregation
- Value Count Aggregation
- Bucket Aggregations
- 邻接矩阵聚合
- Children Aggregation
- Date Histogram Aggregation
- Date Range Aggregation
- Significant Terms Aggregation
- Filter Aggregation(过滤器聚合)
- Filters Aggregation
- Geo Distance Aggregation(地理距离聚合) 转至元数据结尾
- GeoHash grid Aggregation(GeoHash网格聚合)
- Global Aggregation(全局聚合) 转至元数据结尾
- Histogram Aggregation
- IP Range Aggregation(IP范围聚合)
- Missing Aggregation
- Nested Aggregation(嵌套聚合)
- Range Aggregation(范围聚合)
- Reverse nested Aggregation
- Sampler Aggregation
- Significant Terms Aggregation
- Significant Text Aggregation
- Terms Aggregation
- Pipeline Aggregations
- Avg Bucket Aggregation
- Derivative Aggregation(导数聚合)
- Max Bucket Aggregation
- Min Bucket Aggregation
- Sum Bucket Aggregation
- Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Extended Stats Bucket Aggregation(扩展信息桶聚合)
- Percentiles Bucket Aggregation(百分数桶聚合)
- Moving Average Aggregation
- Cumulative Sum Aggregation(累积汇总聚合)
- Bucket Script Aggregation(桶脚本聚合)
- Bucket Selector Aggregation(桶选择器聚合)
- Serial Differencing Aggregation(串行差异聚合)
- Matrix Aggregations
- Matrix Stats
- Caching heavy aggregations
- Returning only aggregation results
- Aggregation Metadata
- Returning the type of the aggregation
- Indices APIs
- Create Index /创建索引
- Delete Index /删除索引
- Get Index /获取索引
- Indices Exists /索引存在
- Open / Close Index API /启动关闭索引
- Shrink Index /缩小索引
- Rollover Index/滚动索引
- Put Mapping /提交映射
- Get Mapping /获取映射
- Get Field Mapping /获取字段映射
- Types Exists
- Index Aliases
- Update Indices Settings
- Get Settings
- Analyze
- Explain Analyze
- Index Templates
- 索引统计信息
- 索引段
- 索引恢复
- 索引分片存储
- 清理缓存
- 刷新
- 同步刷新
- 重新加载
- 强制合并
- Cat APIs
- cat aliases
- cat allocation
- cat count
- cat fielddata
- cat health
- cat indices
- cat master
- cat nodeattrs
- cat nodes
- cat pending tasks
- cat plugins
- cat recovery
- cat repositories
- cat segments
- cat shards
- cat thread pool
- cat snapshots
- cat templates
- Cluster APIs
- 集群健康
- 集群状态
- 集群统计
- 挂起的集群任务
- 集群重新路由
- Cluster Update Settings
- Nodes Stats
- Nodes Info
- Nodes Feature Usage
- Remote Cluster Info
- Task Management API
- Nodes hot_threads
- Cluster Allocation Explain API
- Query DSL
- 查询context与过滤context
- Match All Query
- 全文搜索
- 匹配查询
- 短语匹配查询
- 短语前缀匹配查询
- 多字段查询
- 常用术语查询
- 查询语句查询
- 简单查询语句
- Term level queries
- Term Query
- Terms Query
- Range Query
- Exists Query
- Prefix Query
- Wildcard Query
- Regexp Query
- Fuzzy Query
- Type Query
- Ids Query
- 复合查询
- Constant Score 查询
- Bool 查询
- Dis Max 查询
- Function Score 查询
- Boosting 查询
- Joining queries
- Has Child Query
- Has Parent Query
- Nested Query(嵌套查询)
- Parent Id Query
- Geo queries
- GeoShape Query(地理形状查询)
- Geo Bounding Box Query(地理边框查询)
- Geo Distance Query(地理距离查询)
- Geo Polygon Query(地理多边形查询)
- Specialized queries
- More Like This Query
- Script Query
- Percolate Query
- Span queries
- Span Term 查询
- Span Multi Term 查询
- Span First 查询
- Span Near 查询
- Span Or 查询
- Span Not 查询
- Span Containing 查询
- Span Within 查询
- Span Field Masking 查询 转至元数据结尾
- Minimum Should Match
- Multi Term Query Rewrite
- Mapping
- Removal of mapping types
- Field datatypes
- Array
- Binary
- Range
- Boolean
- Date
- Geo-point datatype
- Geo-Shape datatype
- IP datatype
- Keyword datatype
- Nested datatype
- Numeric datatypes
- Object datatype
- Text
- Token数
- 渗滤型
- join datatype
- Meta-Fields
- _all field
- _field_names field
- _id field
- _index field
- _meta field
- _routing field
- _source field
- _type field
- _uid field
- Mapping parameters
- analyzer(分析器)
- normalizer(归一化)
- boost(提升)
- Coerce(强制类型转换)
- copy_to(合并参数)
- doc_values(文档值)
- dynamic(动态设置)
- enabled(开启字段)
- eager_global_ordinals
- fielddata(字段数据)
- format (日期格式)
- ignore_above(忽略超越限制的字段)
- ignore_malformed(忽略格式不对的数据)
- index (索引)
- index_options(索引设置)
- fields(字段)
- Norms (标准信息)
- null_value(空值)
- position_increment_gap(短语位置间隙)
- properties (属性)
- search_analyzer (搜索分析器)
- similarity (匹配方法)
- store(存储)
- Term_vectors(词根信息)
- Dynamic Mapping
- Dynamic field mapping(动态字段映射)
- Dynamic templates(动态模板)
- default mapping(mapping中的_default_)
- Analysis
- Anatomy of an analyzer(分析器的分析)
- Testing analyzers(测试分析器)
- Analyzers(分析器)
- Configuring built-in analyzers(配置内置分析器)
- Standard Analyzer(标准分析器)
- Simple Analyzer(简单分析器)
- 空白分析器
- Stop Analyzer
- Keyword Analyzer
- 模式分析器
- 语言分析器
- 指纹分析器
- 自定义分析器
- Normalizers
- Tokenizers(分词器)
- Standard Tokenizer(标准分词器)
- Letter Tokenizer
- Lowercase Tokenizer (小写分词器)
- Whitespace Analyzer
- UAX URL Email Tokenizer
- Classic Tokenizer
- Thai Tokenizer(泰语分词器)
- NGram Tokenizer
- Edge NGram Tokenizer
- Keyword Analyzer
- Pattern Tokenizer
- Simple Pattern Tokenizer
- Simple Pattern Split Tokenizer
- Path Hierarchy Tokenizer(路径层次分词器)
- Token Filters(词元过滤器)
- Standard Token Filter
- ASCII Folding Token Filter
- Flatten Graph Token Filter
- Length Token Filter
- Lowercase Token Filter
- Uppercase Token Filter
- NGram Token Filter
- Edge NGram Token Filter
- Porter Stem Token Filter
- Shingle Token Filter
- Stop Token Filter
- Word Delimiter Token Filter
- Word Delimiter Graph Token Filter
- Stemmer Token Filter
- Stemmer Override Token Filter
- Keyword Marker Token Filter
- Keyword Repeat Token Filter
- KStem Token Filter
- Snowball Token Filter
- Phonetic Token Filter
- Synonym Token Filter
- Synonym Graph Token Filter
- Compound Word Token Filters
- Reverse Token Filter
- Elision Token Filter
- Truncate Token Filter
- Unique Token Filter
- Pattern Capture Token Filter
- Pattern Replace Token Filter
- Trim Token Filter
- Limit Token Count Token Filter
- Hunspell Token Filter
- Common Grams Token Filter
- Normalization Token Filter
- CJK Width Token Filter
- CJK Bigram Token Filter
- Delimited Payload Token Filter
- Keep Words Token Filter
- Keep Types Token Filter
- Classic Token Filter
- Apostrophe Token Filter
- Decimal Digit Token Filter
- Fingerprint Token Filter
- Minhash Token Filter
- Character Filters(字符过滤器)
- HTML Strip Character Filter
- Mapping Character Filter
- Pattern Replace Character Filter
- 模块
- Cluster
- 集群级路由和碎片分配
- 基于磁盘的分片分配
- 分片分配awareness
- 分片分配过滤
- Miscellaneous cluster settings
- Scripting
- Painless Scripting Language
- Lucene Expressions Language
- Advanced scripts using script engines
- Snapshot And Restore
- Thread Pool
- Index Modules(索引模块)
- 预处理节点
- Pipeline Definition
- Ingest APIs
- Put Pipeline API
- Get Pipeline API
- Delete Pipeline API
- Simulate Pipeline API
- Accessing Data in Pipelines
- Handling Failures in Pipelines
- Processors
- Monitoring Elasticsearch
- X-Pack APIs
- X-Pack Commands
- How To
- Testing(测试)
- Glossary of terms
- Release Notes
- X-Pack Release Notes