Postgres逻辑备份脚本 · postgresql手册

昨天一个哥们说postgres的dump很难用，不尽然。下面是利用Postgres自带的导出工具pg_dump来写的日常逻辑备份脚本，基本实现了每天自动备份，并保留一周时间。环境： CentOS 6.2 Postgres 9.1.3 1.整个库逻辑备份方案(相对较小) ~~~ #!/bin/bash export PGHOME=/home/postgres export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH export PGDATA=/var/pgdata/ export BACKUP_DIR=/home/postgres/backup export LANG=en_US.utf8 export DATE_1=`date +"%Y-%m-%d"` export DATE_2=`date -d "-7 day" +"%Y-%m-%d"` ###################################################### ## ## purpose:backup total database everyday logically ## ## author :kenyon ## ## created:2013-03-25 ## ## restore_script:psql -d db_kenyon -U postgres < /home/postgres/backup/file_name ## ##################################################### test -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_2 if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then rm -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_2 echo " `date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` the file $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_2 has been moved" fi test -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_1 if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then echo "Today's(`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`) BACKUP job has done" else pg_dump -h 192.168.1.142 -p 5432 -U postgres -b -Fp db_kenyon -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_1 ######check the dump file whether produced successfully test -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_1 if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then echo " `date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` the database db_kenyon has been backuped to $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_1 successfully" else echo " `date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` the pg_dump failed" fi fi ~~~ 2.单表逻辑备份方案(表相对较大,下面采用的压缩级别为1级) ~~~ #!/bin/bash export BACKUP_DIR=/home/postgres/backup export DATE_1=`date +"%Y-%m-%d"` export DATE_2=`date -d "-7 day" +"%Y-%m-%d"` ############################################################################# ## ## purpose:backup total database everyday logically ## ## author :kenyon ## ## created:2013-03-25 ## ## restore_script: pg_restore -U postgres -Fc -d db_name tbl_user_20130218.bak ## ############################################################################# source /home/postgres/.bash_profile cd $BACKUP_DIR if [ -d ./$DATE_2 ] ; then rm -rf $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_2 echo " `date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` the file $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_2 has been moved" fi if [ -d ./$DATE_1 ] ; then echo "Today's(`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`) BACKUP job has done" else mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1 ##### With compress level 1 dump out relation tables ############################ pg_dump -p 5432 -U postgres db_kenyon -Fc -Z 1 -t tbl_user -f $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1/tbl_user_$DATE_1.bak pg_dump -p 5432 -U postgres db_kenyon -Fc -Z 1 -t tbl_company -f $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1/tbl_company_$DATE_1.bak pg_dump -p 5432 -U postgres db_kenyon -Fc -Z 1 -t tbl_report_mon -f $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1/tbl_report_mon_$DATE_1.bak pg_dump -p 5432 -U postgres db_kenyon -Fc -Z 1 -t tbl_report_daily -f $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1/tbl_report_daily_$DATE_1.bak echo "Today's(`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`) BACKUP job has fineshed" fi ~~~ 3.Copy做增量备份 (时间或者ID) ~~~ psql -d db_kenyon -c"copy (select * from schema_name.table_name where crt_time>=$date) to '/home/postgres/tbl.bak'" ~~~ ~~~ psql -d db_kenyon -c"copy (select * from schema_name.table_name where id>=$id) to '/home/postgres/tbl.bak'" ~~~ 4.crontab定时调度 50 1 * * * sh /home/postgres/script/DB_backup.sh >> /home/postgres/backup/backup.log 2>&1 5.说明上述脚本相对简单，还可以加入其它一些异常判断和邮件发送等。