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[TOC] <br> ### 排序实例 >[info] >通过`多种排序算法`对一组无序数据进行排序算法设计,要求如下: >输入:[1, 3, 5, 23, 75, 34, 456, 86, 22, 74, 37, 5, 34] >输出:[1, 3, 5, 5, 22, 23, 34, 34, 37, 74, 75, 86, 456] #### 冒泡排序 核心算法:循环比较相邻的两个元素,如果前面一个元素比后面一个元素大,则交换位置。 ```python #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- def bubble_sort(data_source): length = len(data_source) for i in range(1, length): for j in range(length - i): if data_source[j] > data_source[j + 1]: data_source[j], data_source[j + 1] = data_source[j + 1], data_source[j] return data_source if __name__ == '__main__': test_array = [1, 3, 5, 23, 75, 34, 456, 86, 22, 74, 37, 5, 34] print(bubble_sort(test_array)) ``` #### 插入排序 核心算法:从头到尾循环,对于未排序数据,在已排序序列中从后向前扫描,找到相应位置并插入,因而在从后向前扫描过程中,需要反复把已排序元素逐步向后挪位,为最新元素提供插入空间。 ```python #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- def insert_sort(data_source): count = len(data_source) for i in range(1, count): key = data_source[i] j = i - 1 while j >= 0: if data_source[j] > key: data_source[j], data_source[j + 1] = key, data_source[j] j -= 1 return data_source if __name__ == '__main__': test_array = [1, 3, 5, 23, 75, 34, 456, 86, 22, 74, 37, 5, 34] print(insert_sort(test_array)) ``` #### 快速排序 核心算法:每次循环,取一个基数,将序列分成三部分:比基数小的数序列,基数,比基数大的序列。不断重复对每个序列进行相同的处理,直到每个序列为空,则完成排序 ```python #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- def quick_sort(data_source): length = len(data_source) if length == 0: return [] else: left = [] right = [] for i in range(1, length): if data_source[0] > data_source[i]: left.append(data_source[i]) else: right.append(data_source[i]) return quick_sort(left) + [data_source[0]] + quick_sort(right) if __name__ == '__main__': test_array = [1, 3, 5, 23, 75, 34, 456, 86, 22, 74, 37, 5, 34] print(quick_sort(test_array)) ``` ### 二分法查找实例 二分法,主要应用于有序序列中,原理是每次查找都将原序列折半,逐渐缩小查找范围的一种算法。 >[info]要求在一个有序序列中,例如[0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57, 60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 78, 81, 84, 87, 90, 93, 96, 99],查找一个数字,如果找到则打印该数字,如果找不到,则输出“not found!” #### 递归方式 递归,是在函数中自身调用自身的一种情况,直到有一个明确的退出条件成立后结束相互调用。递归是一种很容易理解某类问题的方式,但是不是特别高效,因为每次调用自身时,都会在内存中创建一个新的内存空间,当不断循环调用非常多次时,是非常耗内存的。 ```python #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- def recursion_search(data_source, find_n): mid = int(len(data_source) / 2) if len(data_source) >= 1: if find_n > data_source[mid]: recursion_search(data_source[mid + 1:], find_n) elif find_n < data_source[mid]: recursion_search(data_source[:mid], find_n) else: print(data_source[mid]) else: print("not found !") if __name__ == '__main__': test_array = range(0, 100, 3) recursion_search(test_array, 42) ``` #### 循环方式 ```python #!/usr/bin/python # coding=utf-8 def loop_search(data_source, find_n): while len(data_source): mid = int(len(data_source) / 2) if find_n < data_source[mid]: data_source = data_source[:mid] elif find_n > data_source[mid]: data_source = data_source[mid + 1:] else: print(data_source[mid]) break else: print("not found !") if __name__ == '__main__': test_array = range(0, 100, 3) loop_search(test_array, 45) ``` <hr style="margin-top:100px"> :-: ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2ff0bc02ec938fef8b6dd7b7f16ee11d_258x258.jpg) ***微信扫一扫,关注“python测试开发圈”,了解更多测试教程!***