安装部署 · Kubernetes

* [1、部署环境说明](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#1%E3%80%81%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E) * [2、集群架构及部署准备工作](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#2%E3%80%81%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E5%8F%8A%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C) * [2.1、集群架构说明](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#21%E3%80%81%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E) * [2.2、修改hosts及hostname](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#22%E3%80%81%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%B9hosts%E5%8F%8Ahostname) * [2.3、其他准备](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#23%E3%80%81%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87) * [3、部署keepalived](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#3%E3%80%81%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2keepalived) * [3.1、安装](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#31%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85) * [3.2、配置](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#32%E3%80%81%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE) * [3.3、启动和检查](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#33%E3%80%81%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8%E5%92%8C%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5) * [4、部署haproxy](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#4%E3%80%81%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2haproxy) * [4.1、安装](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#41%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85) * [4.2、配置](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#42%E3%80%81%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE) * [4.3、启动和检查](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#43%E3%80%81%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8%E5%92%8C%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5) * [5、安装docker](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#5%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85docker) * [5.1、安装](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#51%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85) * [5.2、配置](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#52%E3%80%81%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE) * [5.3、启动](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#53%E3%80%81%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8) * [6、安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#6%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85kubeadm%EF%BC%8Ckubelet%E5%92%8Ckubectl) * [6.1、添加阿里云k8s的yum源](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#61%E3%80%81%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91k8s%E7%9A%84yum%E6%BA%90) * [6.2、安装](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#62%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85) * [6.3、配置kubectl自动补全](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#63%E3%80%81%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEkubectl%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E8%A1%A5%E5%85%A8) * [7、安装master](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#7%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85master) * [7.1、创建kubeadm配置文件](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#71%E3%80%81%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BAkubeadm%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6) * [7.2、初始化master节点](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#72%E3%80%81%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96master%E8%8A%82%E7%82%B9) * [7.3、按照提示配置环境变量](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#73%E3%80%81%E6%8C%89%E7%85%A7%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F) * [7.4、查看集群状态](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#74%E3%80%81%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81) * [8、安装集群网络](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#8%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C) * [8.1、获取yaml](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#81%E3%80%81%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96yaml) * [8.2、安装](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#82%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85) * [8.3、检查](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#83%E3%80%81%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5) * [9、其他节点加入集群](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#9%E3%80%81%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E8%8A%82%E7%82%B9%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%A5%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4) * [9.1、master加入集群](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#91%E3%80%81master%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%A5%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4) * [9.1.1、复制密钥及相关文件](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#911%E3%80%81%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%AF%86%E9%92%A5%E5%8F%8A%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6) * [9.1.2、master加入集群](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#912%E3%80%81master%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%A5%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4) * [9.1.3、检查](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#913%E3%80%81%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5) * [9.2、node加入集群](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#92%E3%80%81node%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%A5%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4) * [9.2.1、node加入集群](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#921%E3%80%81node%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%A5%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4) * [9.2.2、检查](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#922%E3%80%81%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5) * [9.3、集群后续扩容](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#93%E3%80%81%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E5%90%8E%E7%BB%AD%E6%89%A9%E5%AE%B9) * [10、集群缩容](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#10%E3%80%81%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E7%BC%A9%E5%AE%B9) * [11、安装dashboard](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#11%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85dashboard) * [11.1、部署dashboard](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#111%E3%80%81%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2dashboard) * [11.2、创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#112%E3%80%81%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BAservice-account%E5%B9%B6%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E9%BB%98%E8%AE%A4cluster-admin%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%91%98%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E8%A7%92%E8%89%B2) * [11.3、使用token登录到dashboard界面](https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/11942062.html#113%E3%80%81%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8token%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95%E5%88%B0dashboard%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2) ## 1、部署环境说明本文通过kubeadm搭建一个高可用的k8s集群，kubeadm可以帮助我们快速的搭建k8s集群，高可用主要体现在对master节点组件及etcd存储的高可用，文中使用到的服务器ip及角色对应如下： | 主机名称 | ip地址 | 角色 | | --- | --- | --- | | \- | 192.168.9.80 | 虚拟ip(vip) | | k8s-master-01 | 192.168.9.81 | master | | K8s-master-02 | 192.168.9.82 | master | | K8s-master-03 | 192.168.9.83 | master | | k8s-node-01 | 192.168.9.84 | node | | K8s-node-02 | 192.168.9.85 | node | | K8s-node-03 | 192.168.9.79 | node | ## 2、集群架构及部署准备工作 ### 2.1、集群架构说明前面提到高可用主要体现在master相关组件及etcd，master中apiserver是集群的入口，搭建三个master通过keepalived提供一个vip实现高可用，并且添加haproxy来为apiserver提供反向代理的作用，这样来自haproxy的所有请求都将轮询转发到后端的master节点上。如果仅仅使用keepalived，当集群正常工作时，所有流量还是会到具有vip的那台master上，因此加上了haproxy使整个集群的master都能参与进来，集群的健壮性更强。对应架构图如下所示： ![](http://image.ssgeek.com/20191127-01.jpg) ### 2.2、修改hosts及hostname 所有节点修改主机名和hosts文件，文件内容如下 ~~~ 192.168.9.80 master.k8s.io k8s-vip 192.168.9.81 master01.k8s.io k8s-master-01 192.168.9.82 master02.k8s.io k8s-master-02 192.168.9.83 master03.k8s.io k8s-master-03 192.168.9.84 node01.k8s.io k8s-node-01 192.168.9.85 node02.k8s.io k8s-node-02 192.168.9.79 node03.k8s.io k8s-node-03 ~~~ ### 2.3、其他准备所有节点操作 * 主机时间同步时间同步可以通过`chrony`或者`ntp`来实现，这里不再赘述 * 关闭防火墙关闭`centos7`自带的`firewalld`防火墙服务 * 关闭selinux * 禁用swap `kubeadm`会检查当前主机是否禁用了`swap`，如果启动了`swap`将导致安装不能正常进行，所以需要禁用所有的`swap`。 ~~~ # 临时关闭 $ swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0 # 永久关闭，在文件中添加注释 $ vim /etc/fstab ... UUID=7bf41652-e6e9-415c-8dd9-e112641b220e /boot xfs defaults 0 0 #/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 # 或者利用sed命令完事儿 $ sed -ri '/^[^#]*swap/s@^@#@' /etc/fstab ~~~ * 设置系统其它参数开启路由转发 ~~~ $ vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 $ modprobe br_netfilter $ sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 ~~~ 设置资源配置文件 ~~~ $ echo "* soft nofile 65536" >> /etc/security/limits.conf $ echo "* hard nofile 65536" >> /etc/security/limits.conf $ echo "* soft nproc 65536" >> /etc/security/limits.conf $ echo "* hard nproc 65536" >> /etc/security/limits.conf $ echo "* soft memlock unlimited" >> /etc/security/limits.conf $ echo "* hard memlock unlimited" >> /etc/security/limits.conf ~~~ * 安装相关包 ~~~ $ yum install -y conntrack-tools libseccomp libtool-ltdl ~~~ ## 3、部署keepalived 在三台master操作 ### 3.1、安装 ~~~ $ yum install -y keepalived ~~~ ### 3.2、配置默认的`keepalived`配置较复杂，这里用更为简明的方式进行配置，另外的两台master配置和上面类似，只需要修改对应的state配置为BACKUP，priority权重值不同即可，配置中的其他字段这里不做说明。 `k8s-master-01`的配置： ~~~ cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id k8s } vrrp_script check_haproxy { script "killall -0 haproxy" interval 3 weight -2 fall 10 rise 2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface eth0 virtual_router_id 51 priority 250 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.9.80 } track_script { check_haproxy } } EOF ~~~ `k8s-master-02`的配置： ~~~ cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id k8s } vrrp_script check_haproxy { script "killall -0 haproxy" interval 3 weight -2 fall 10 rise 2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eth0 virtual_router_id 51 priority 200 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.9.80 } track_script { check_haproxy } } EOF ~~~ `k8s-master-03`的配置： ~~~ cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id k8s } vrrp_script check_haproxy { script "killall -0 haproxy" interval 3 weight -2 fall 10 rise 2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eth0 virtual_router_id 51 priority 150 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.9.80 } track_script { check_haproxy } } EOF ~~~ ### 3.3、启动和检查在三台`master`节点都启动服务 ~~~ # 设置开机启动 $ systemctl enable keepalived.service # 启动keepalived $ systemctl start keepalived.service # 查看启动状态 $ systemctl status keepalived.service ~~~ 启动后查看`k8s-master-01`的网卡信息 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# ip a s eth0 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:84:45:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.9.81/24 brd 192.168.9.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.9.80/32 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe84:458a/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever ~~~ 尝试停掉`k8s-master-01`的`keepalived`服务，查看`vip`是否能漂移到其他的`master`，并且重新启动`k8s-master-01`的`keepalived`服务，查看`vip`是否能正常漂移回来，证明配置没有问题。 ## 4、部署haproxy 在三台master操作 ### 4.1、安装 ~~~ $ yum install -y haproxy ~~~ ### 4.2、配置三台master节点的配置均相同，配置中声明了后端代理的三个master节点服务器，指定了haproxy运行的端口为16443等，因此16443端口为集群的入口，其他的配置不做赘述。 ~~~ cat > /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg << EOF #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # Global settings #--------------------------------------------------------------------- global # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will # need to: # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events. This is done # by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in # /etc/sysconfig/syslog # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log # file. A line like the following can be added to # /etc/sysconfig/syslog # # local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log # log 127.0.0.1 local2 chroot /var/lib/haproxy pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid maxconn 4000 user haproxy group haproxy daemon # turn on stats unix socket stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will # use if not designated in their block #--------------------------------------------------------------------- defaults mode http log global option httplog option dontlognull option http-server-close option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8 option redispatch retries 3 timeout http-request 10s timeout queue 1m timeout connect 10s timeout client 1m timeout server 1m timeout http-keep-alive 10s timeout check 10s maxconn 3000 #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # kubernetes apiserver frontend which proxys to the backends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- frontend kubernetes-apiserver mode tcp bind *:16443 option tcplog default_backend kubernetes-apiserver #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # round robin balancing between the various backends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backend kubernetes-apiserver mode tcp balance roundrobin server master01.k8s.io 192.168.9.81:6443 check server master02.k8s.io 192.168.9.82:6443 check server master03.k8s.io 192.168.9.83:6443 check #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # collection haproxy statistics message #--------------------------------------------------------------------- listen stats bind *:1080 stats auth admin:awesomePassword stats refresh 5s stats realm HAProxy\ Statistics stats uri /admin?stats EOF ~~~ ### 4.3、启动和检查在三台`master`节点都启动服务 ~~~ # 设置开机启动 $ systemctl enable haproxy # 开启haproxy $ systemctl start haproxy # 查看启动状态 $ systemctl status haproxy ~~~ 检查端口 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep haproxy tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7067/haproxy tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:16443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7067/haproxy udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:47041 0.0.0.0:* 7066/haproxy ~~~ ## 5、安装docker 所有节点操作，使用yum安装，参考[阿里云镜像站指导](https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/docker-ce?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.53322f70ZDikrA) 今天查看阿里云镜像站时，发现已经全新改版上线了，企业免费做国内开源镜像站，点个赞 ![](http://image.ssgeek.com/20191127-02.png) ### 5.1、安装 ~~~ # step 1: 安装必要的一些系统工具 $ yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 # Step 2: 添加软件源信息 $ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo # Step 3: 查找Docker-CE的版本: $ yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r # Step 4: 安装指定版本的Docker-CE $ yum makecache fast $ yum install -y docker-ce-18.09.9 ~~~ ### 5.2、配置修改docker的配置文件，目前k8s推荐使用的docker文件驱动是systemd，按照[k8s官方文档](https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/)可查看如何配置 ~~~ $ vim /etc/docker/daemon.json { "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"], "log-driver": "json-file", "log-opts": { "max-size": "100m" }, "storage-driver": "overlay2", "storage-opts": [ "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true" ] } ~~~ 修改docker的服务配置文件，指定docker的数据目录为外挂的磁盘`--graph /data/docker` ~~~ $ vim /lib/systemd/system/docker.service ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --graph /data/docker ~~~ ### 5.3、启动启动docker服务 ~~~ $ systemctl daemon-reload $ systemctl start docker.service $ systemctl enable docker.service $ systemctl status docker.service ~~~ 检查docker信息 ~~~ $ docker version Client: Docker Engine - Community Version: 19.03.5 API version: 1.39 (downgraded from 1.40) Go version: go1.12.12 Git commit: 633a0ea Built: Wed Nov 13 07:25:41 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false Server: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 18.09.9 API version: 1.39 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.11.13 Git commit: 039a7df Built: Wed Sep 4 16:22:32 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false ~~~ ## 6、安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl 所有节点操作 ### 6.1、添加阿里云k8s的yum源 ~~~ cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg EOF ~~~ ### 6.2、安装 ~~~ $ yum install -y kubelet-1.16.3 kubeadm-1.16.3 kubectl-1.16.3 $ systemctl enable kubelet ~~~ ### 6.3、配置kubectl自动补全 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# source <(kubectl completion bash) [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc ~~~ ## 7、安装master 在具有vip的master上操作，这里为k8s-master-01 ### 7.1、创建kubeadm配置文件 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests -p [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests/ [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# vim kubeadm-config.yaml apiServer: certSANs: - k8s-master-01 - k8s-master-02 - k8s-master-03 - master.k8s.io - 192.168.9.80 - 192.168.9.81 - 192.168.9.82 - 192.168.9.83 - 127.0.0.1 extraArgs: authorization-mode: Node,RBAC timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta1 certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki clusterName: kubernetes controlPlaneEndpoint: "master.k8s.io:16443" controllerManager: {} dns: type: CoreDNS etcd: local: dataDir: /var/lib/etcd imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers kind: ClusterConfiguration kubernetesVersion: v1.16.3 networking: dnsDomain: cluster.local podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16 serviceSubnet: 10.1.0.0/16 scheduler: {} ~~~ ### 7.2、初始化master节点 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# kubeadm init --config kubeadm-config.yaml [init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.16.3 [preflight] Running pre-flight checks [preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster [preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection [preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull' [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env" [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml" [kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service [certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki" [certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key [certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key [certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master-01 kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local master.k8s.io k8s-master-01 k8s-master-02 k8s-master-03 master.k8s.io] and IPs [10.1.0.1 192.168.9.81 192.168.9.80 192.168.9.81 192.168.9.82 192.168.9.83 127.0.0.1] [certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key [certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key [certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key [certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master-01 localhost] and IPs [192.168.9.81 127.0.0.1 ::1] [certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key [certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master-01 localhost] and IPs [192.168.9.81 127.0.0.1 ::1] [certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "sa" key and public key [kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes" [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address [kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address [kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address [kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address [kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file [control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler" [etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests" [wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s [apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 21.505682 seconds [upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace [kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.16" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster [upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs [mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master-01 as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''" [mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master-01 as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule] [bootstrap-token] Using token: jv5z7n.3y1zi95p952y9p65 [bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles [bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials [bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token [bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster [bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace [addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address [addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully! To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/ You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root: kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token jv5z7n.3y1zi95p952y9p65 \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:403bca185c2f3a4791685013499e7ce58f9848e2213e27194b75a2e3293d8812 \ --control-plane Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root: kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token jv5z7n.3y1zi95p952y9p65 \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:403bca185c2f3a4791685013499e7ce58f9848e2213e27194b75a2e3293d8812 ~~~ ### 7.3、按照提示配置环境变量 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config ~~~ ### 7.4、查看集群状态 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# kubectl get cs NAME AGE scheduler <unknown> controller-manager <unknown> etcd-0 <unknown> [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE coredns-58cc8c89f4-56n7g 0/1 Pending 0 87s coredns-58cc8c89f4-zclz7 0/1 Pending 0 87s etcd-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 18s kube-apiserver-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 21s kube-controller-manager-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 33s kube-proxy-ptjjn 1/1 Running 0 87s kube-scheduler-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 25s ~~~ 执行`kubectl get cs`显示`<unknown>`是一个`1.16`版本已知的`bug`，后续官方应该会解决处理，有大佬分析了源码并且提交了pr，可[点此参考](https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000020912684) 集群默认也把`coredns`安装了，这里处于`pending`状态的原因是因为还没有安装网络组件 ## 8、安装集群网络 master节点操作 ### 8.1、获取yaml 从官方地址获取到flannel的yaml ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# mkdir flannel [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# cd flannel [root@k8s-master-01 flannel]# wget -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml ~~~ 确保yaml中的pod子网与前面执行kubeadm初始化时相同，yaml中的镜像如果无法获取，可以使用微软中国镜像源代替，例如 ~~~ quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64 # 源地址 quay.azk8s.cn/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64 # 代替 ~~~ ### 8.2、安装 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 flannel]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created serviceaccount/flannel created configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-amd64 created daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm64 created daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm created daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le created daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-s390x created ~~~ ### 8.3、检查 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 flannel]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE coredns-58cc8c89f4-56n7g 1/1 Running 0 20m coredns-58cc8c89f4-zclz7 1/1 Running 0 20m etcd-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 19m kube-apiserver-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 19m kube-controller-manager-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 19m kube-flannel-ds-amd64-8d8bc 1/1 Running 0 51s kube-proxy-ptjjn 1/1 Running 0 20m kube-scheduler-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 19m ~~~ ## 9、其他节点加入集群 ### 9.1、master加入集群 #### 9.1.1、复制密钥及相关文件在第一次执行`init`的机器，此处为`k8s-master-01`上操作复制文件到`k8s-master-02` ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# ssh root@192.168.9.82 mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@192.168.9.82:/etc/kubernetes admin.conf 100% 5454 465.7KB/s 00:00 [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/{ca.*,sa.*,front-proxy-ca.*} root@192.168.9.82:/etc/kubernetes/pki ca.crt 100% 1025 89.2KB/s 00:00 ca.key 100% 1675 212.1KB/s 00:00 sa.key 100% 1679 210.1KB/s 00:00 sa.pub 100% 451 56.5KB/s 00:00 front-proxy-ca.crt 100% 1038 131.9KB/s 00:00 front-proxy-ca.key 100% 1679 208.3KB/s 00:00 [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.* root@192.168.9.82:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd ca.crt 100% 1017 138.8KB/s 00:00 ca.key ~~~ 复制文件到`k8s-master-03` ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# ssh root@192.168.9.83 mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@192.168.9.83:/etc/kubernetes admin.conf 100% 5454 824.2KB/s 00:00 [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/{ca.*,sa.*,front-proxy-ca.*} root@192.168.9.83:/etc/kubernetes/pki ca.crt 100% 1025 144.6KB/s 00:00 ca.key 100% 1675 218.0KB/s 00:00 sa.key 100% 1679 245.7KB/s 00:00 sa.pub 100% 451 57.3KB/s 00:00 front-proxy-ca.crt 100% 1038 132.6KB/s 00:00 front-proxy-ca.key 100% 1679 213.4KB/s 00:00 [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.* root@192.168.9.83:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd ca.crt 100% 1017 55.0KB/s 00:00 ca.key ~~~ #### 9.1.2、master加入集群分别在其他两台master上操作，执行在`k8s-master-01`上init后输出的join命令，如果找不到了，可以在master01上执行以下命令输出 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubeadm token create --print-join-command kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba ~~~ 在`k8s-master-02`上执行join命令，需要带上参数`--control-plane`表示把master控制节点加入集群 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-02 ~]# kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba --control-plane [preflight] Running pre-flight checks [preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster... [preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml' [preflight] Running pre-flight checks before initializing the new control plane instance [preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster [preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection [preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull' [certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki" [certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key [certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master-02 kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local master.k8s.io k8s-master-01 k8s-master-02 k8s-master-03 master.k8s.io] and IPs [10.1.0.1 192.168.9.82 192.168.9.80 192.168.9.81 192.168.9.82 192.168.9.83 127.0.0.1] [certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key [certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master-02 localhost] and IPs [192.168.9.82 127.0.0.1 ::1] [certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key [certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master-02 localhost] and IPs [192.168.9.82 127.0.0.1 ::1] [certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key [certs] Valid certificates and keys now exist in "/etc/kubernetes/pki" [certs] Using the existing "sa" key [kubeconfig] Generating kubeconfig files [kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes" [endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address [kubeconfig] Using existing kubeconfig file: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" [kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file [kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file [control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler" [check-etcd] Checking that the etcd cluster is healthy [kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.16" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml" [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env" [kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service [kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap... [etcd] Announced new etcd member joining to the existing etcd cluster [etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for "etcd" [etcd] Waiting for the new etcd member to join the cluster. This can take up to 40s {"level":"warn","ts":"2019-11-27T13:33:59.913+0800","caller":"clientv3/retry_interceptor.go:61","msg":"retrying of unary invoker failed","target":"passthrough:///https://192.168.9.82:2379","attempt":0,"error":"rpc error: code = DeadlineExceeded desc = context deadline exceeded"} [upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace [mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master-02 as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''" [mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master-02 as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule] This node has joined the cluster and a new control plane instance was created: * Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and approval was received. * The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details. * Control plane (master) label and taint were applied to the new node. * The Kubernetes control plane instances scaled up. * A new etcd member was added to the local/stacked etcd cluster. To start administering your cluster from this node, you need to run the following as a regular user: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config Run 'kubectl get nodes' to see this node join the cluster. [root@k8s-master-02 ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube [root@k8s-master-02 ~]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config [root@k8s-master-02 ~]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config ~~~ 同样的，在`k8s-master-03`上执行join命令，输出及后续相关的步骤同上 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-03 ~]# kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba --control-plane [root@k8s-master-03 ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube [root@k8s-master-03 ~]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config [root@k8s-master-03 ~]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config ~~~ #### 9.1.3、检查在其中一台master上执行命令检查集群及pod状态 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get node NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION k8s-master-01 Ready master 36m v1.16.3 k8s-master-02 Ready master 3m20s v1.16.3 k8s-master-03 Ready master 21s v1.16.3 [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE kube-system coredns-58cc8c89f4-56n7g 1/1 Running 0 36m kube-system coredns-58cc8c89f4-zclz7 1/1 Running 0 36m kube-system etcd-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 35m kube-system etcd-k8s-master-02 1/1 Running 0 3m55s kube-system etcd-k8s-master-03 1/1 Running 0 56s kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 35m kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master-02 1/1 Running 0 3m55s kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master-03 1/1 Running 0 57s kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 1 35m kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master-02 1/1 Running 0 3m55s kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master-03 1/1 Running 0 57s kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-7hnhl 1/1 Running 1 3m56s kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-8d8bc 1/1 Running 0 17m kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-fp2rb 1/1 Running 0 57s kube-system kube-proxy-gzswt 1/1 Running 0 3m56s kube-system kube-proxy-hdrq7 1/1 Running 0 57s kube-system kube-proxy-ptjjn 1/1 Running 0 36m kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 1 35m kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master-02 1/1 Running 0 3m55s kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master-03 1/1 Running 0 57s ~~~ ### 9.2、node加入集群 #### 9.2.1、node加入集群分别在其他三台node节点上操作，执行`join`命令在`k8s-node-01`上操作 ~~~ [root@k8s-node-02 ~]# kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba [preflight] Running pre-flight checks [preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster... [preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml' [kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.16" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml" [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env" [kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service [kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap... This node has joined the cluster: * Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received. * The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details. Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster. ~~~ 同理 ~~~ [root@k8s-node-02 ~]# kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba [root@k8s-node-03 ~]# kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba ~~~ #### 9.2.2、检查 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get node NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION k8s-master-01 Ready master 42m v1.16.3 k8s-master-02 Ready master 9m3s v1.16.3 k8s-master-03 Ready master 6m4s v1.16.3 k8s-node-01 Ready <none> 31s v1.16.3 k8s-node-02 Ready <none> 28s v1.16.3 k8s-node-03 Ready <none> 38s v1.16.3 [root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE kube-system coredns-58cc8c89f4-56n7g 1/1 Running 0 41m kube-system coredns-58cc8c89f4-zclz7 1/1 Running 0 41m kube-system etcd-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 40m kube-system etcd-k8s-master-02 1/1 Running 0 9m4s kube-system etcd-k8s-master-03 1/1 Running 0 6m5s kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 0 40m kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master-02 1/1 Running 0 9m4s kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master-03 1/1 Running 0 6m6s kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 1 40m kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master-02 1/1 Running 0 9m4s kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master-03 1/1 Running 0 6m6s kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-7hnhl 1/1 Running 1 9m5s kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-8d8bc 1/1 Running 0 22m kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-bwwlx 1/1 Running 0 33s kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-fp2rb 1/1 Running 0 6m6s kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-g9vdj 1/1 Running 0 40s kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-xcbfr 1/1 Running 0 30s kube-system kube-proxy-485dl 1/1 Running 0 30s kube-system kube-proxy-8p688 1/1 Running 0 40s kube-system kube-proxy-fdq7c 1/1 Running 0 33s kube-system kube-proxy-gzswt 1/1 Running 0 9m5s kube-system kube-proxy-hdrq7 1/1 Running 0 6m6s kube-system kube-proxy-ptjjn 1/1 Running 0 41m kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master-01 1/1 Running 1 40m kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master-02 1/1 Running 0 9m4s kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master-03 1/1 Running 0 6m6s ~~~ ### 9.3、集群后续扩容默认情况下加入集群的`token`是`24`小时过期，`24`小时后如果是想要新的`node`加入到集群，需要重新生成一个`token`，命令如下 ~~~ # 显示获取token列表 $ kubeadm token list # 生成新的token $ kubeadm token create ~~~ 除`token`外，`join`命令还需要一个`sha256`的值，通过以下方法计算 ~~~ openssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //' ~~~ 用上面输出的`token`和`sha256`的值或者是利用`kubeadm token create --print-join-command`拼接`join`命令即可 ## 10、集群缩容 master节点 ~~~ kubectl drain <node name> --delete-local-data --force --ignore-daemonsets kubectl delete node <node name> ~~~ node节点 ~~~ kubeadm reset ~~~ ## 11、安装dashboard ### 11.1、部署dashboard 地址：[https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard](https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard) 文档：[https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard/](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard/) 部署最新版本v2.0.0-beta6，下载yaml ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# cd /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests/ [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# mkdir dashboard [root@k8s-master-01 manifests]# cd dashboard/ [root@k8s-master-01 dashboard]# wget -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta6/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml # 修改service类型为nodeport [root@k8s-master-01 dashboard]# vim recommended.yaml ... kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard spec: type: NodePort ports: - port: 443 targetPort: 8443 nodePort: 30001 selector: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard ... [root@k8s-master-01 dashboard]# kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created service/kubernetes-dashboard created secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created [root@k8s-master-01 dashboard]# kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE dashboard-metrics-scraper-76585494d8-62vp9 1/1 Running 0 6m47s kubernetes-dashboard-b65488c4-5t57x 1/1 Running 0 6m48s [root@k8s-master-01 dashboard]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.1.207.27 <none> 8000/TCP 7m6s kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.1.207.168 <none> 443:30001/TCP 7m7s # 在node上通过https://nodeip:30001访问是否正常 ~~~ ### 11.2、创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色 ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 dashboard]# vim dashboard-adminuser.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: admin-user roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard [root@k8s-master-01 dashboard]# kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml serviceaccount/admin-user created clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin-user created ~~~ 获取token ~~~ [root@k8s-master-01 dashboard]# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}') Name: admin-user-token-hb5vs Namespace: kubernetes-dashboard Labels: <none> Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: d699cd10-82cb-48ac-af7e-e8eea540b46e Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token Data ==== ca.crt: 1025 bytes namespace: 20 bytes token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6Ing5T2gwbFR2Wk56SG9rR2xVck5BOFhVRnRWVE0wdHhSdndyOXZ3Uk5vYkUifQ.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.OkhaAJ5wLhQA2oR8wNIvEW9UYYtwEOuGQIMa281f42SD5UrJzHBxk1_YeNbTQFKMJHcgeRpLxCy7PyZotLq7S_x_lhrVtg82MPbagu3ofDjlXLKc3pU9R9DqCHyid1rGXA94muNJRRWuI4Vq4DaPEnZ0xjfkep4AVPiOjFTlHXuBa68qRc-XK4dhs95BozVIHwir1W2CWhlNdfgTEY2QYJX0N1WqBQu_UWi3ay3NDLQR6pn1OcsG4xCemHjjsMmrKElZthAAc3r1aUQdCV7YNpSBajCPSSyfbMiU3mOjy1xLipEijFditif3HGXpKyYLkbuOY4dYtZHocWK7bfgGDQ ~~~ ### 11.3、使用token登录到dashboard界面 ![](http://image.ssgeek.com/20191127-03.png)