# CentOS7 安装 Mysql 5.7密码查看与修改 ## 软件版本 ``` CentOS release 6.9 (Final) mysql Client Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.18, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper mysql Server 5.7.18 ``` ## 检测是否安装MySQLServer 检测下系统有没有自带的mysql：`yum list installed | grep mysql` 如果已经有的话执行命令 `yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64` 卸载已经安装的 MySQL 。 ## 安装 使用 rpm 包进行mysql服务器的安装，具体下载地址在：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads ``` wget http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm ``` ## 启动 ``` service mysqld start ``` ## 查看密码 安装完成之后会自动在 `/var/log/mysqld.log` 中生成连接的密码， 使用 `grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log` 命令查看生成的密码。 初次登录MySQL客户端必须重新设置密码才能进行数据的操作，如下： ``` [root@localhost src]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 7 Server version: 5.7.18 Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. ``` ## 密码设置 不过需要注意的是现在MySQL已经强制要求强密码，已经不能再用弱密码比如“123456”了。如果你设置的密码过于简单，会提示错误： > ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements ### `set password` 命令 ``` SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('newpass'); ``` ### `mysqladmin` 命令 ``` mysqladmin -u root password "newpass" # 如果root没有设置密码使用这种方式 mysqladmin -u root password oldpass "newpass" # 如果root设置了密码使用这种方式 ``` ### 使用 `update` 语句 ``` UPDATE user SET authentication_string = PASSWORD('newpass') WHERE user = 'root'; ``` ## 忘记密码 ``` mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables& mysql -u root mysql mysql> UPDATE user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD("new password") WHERE user='root'; mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; ``` ## 密码复杂度的修改 ``` mysql> show variables like "validate_password%"; +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password_check_user_name | OFF | | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 8 | # 必须8个字符以上 | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | MEDIUM | # 具体看下面的配置 | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 7 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> SET GLOBAL validate_password_policy='LOW'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SET GLOBAL validate_password_length = 6; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ``` * `LOW `政策只测试密码长度。 密码必须至少有8个字符长。 * `MEDIUM `政策的条件 密码必须包含至少1数字字符,1 大写和小写字符,和1特别 (nonalphanumeric)字符。 * `STRONG `政策的情况 密码子字符串长度为4的或更长时间不能匹配 单词在字典文件中,如果一个人被指定。 再进行密码的修改试试。 ## 创建用户并授权 ``` CREATE USER 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; GRANT ALL ON test.* TO 'test'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION; ```