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1.进入数据库: ~~~ mysql -u root -p mysql -h localhost -u root -p database_name ~~~ 2.列出数据库: ` show databases; ` 3.选择数据库: ` use databases_name; ` 4.列出数据表: `show tables; ` 5.显示表格列的属性: ~~~ show columns from table_name; describe table_name; ~~~ 6.导出整个数据库: ` mysqldump -u user_name -p database_name > /tmp/file_name ` 例如:`mysqldump -u root -p test_db > d:/test_db.sql` 7.导出一个表: `mysqldump -u user_name -p database_name table_name > /tmp/file_name ` 例如:`mysqldump -u root -p test_db table1 > d:/table1.sql` 8.导出一个数据库结构: `mysqldump -u user_name -p -d --add-drop-table database_name > file_name ` 例如:`mysqldump -u root -p -d --add-drop-table test_db > test_db.sql` 9.导入数据库: ~~~ source file_name; 或 mysql -u user_name -p database_name < file_name ~~~ 例如: ~~~ source /tmp/bbs.sql; source d:/bbs.sql; mysql -u root -p bbs < "d:/bbs.sql" mysql -u root -p bbs < "/tmp/bbs.sql" ~~~ 10.将文本文件导入数据表中(excel与之相同) `load data infile "tables.txt" into table table_name; ` 例如: ~~~ load data infile "/tmp/bbs.txt" into table bbs; load data infile "/tmp/bbs.xls" into table bbs; load data infile "d:/bbs.txt" into table bbs; load data infile "d:/bbs.xls" into table bbs; ~~~ 11.将数据表导出为文本文件(excel与之相同) `select * into outfile "path_file_name" from table_name;` 例如: ~~~ select * into outfile "/tmp/bbs.txt" from bbs; select * into outfile "/tmp/bbs.xls" from bbs where id=1; select * into outfile "d:/bbs.txt" from bbs; select * into outfile "d:/bbs.xls" from bbs where id=1; ~~~ 12.创建数据库时先判断数据库是否存在: `create database if not exists database_name; ` 例如:`create database if not exists bbs` 13.创建数据库: `create database database_name;` 例如:`create database bbs;` 14.删除数据库: ` drop database database_name; ` 例如:`drop database bbs;` 15.创建数据表: `mysql> create table <table_name> ( <column 1 name> <col. 1 type> <col. 1 details>,<column 2 name> <col. 2 type> <col. 2 details>, ...);` 例如:`create table (id int not null auto_increment primary key,name char(16) not null default "jack",date_year date not null);` 16.删除数据表中数据: `delete from table_name;` 例如: ~~~ delete from bbs; delete from bbs where id=2; ~~~ 17.删除数据库中的数据表: `drop table table_name;` 例如: ~~~ drop table test_db; rm -f database_name/table_name.* (linux下) ~~~ 例如: `rm -rf bbs/accp.*` 18.向数据库中添加数据: `insert into table_name set column_name1=value1,column_name2=value2; ` 例如: ~~~ insert into bbs set name="jack",date_year="1993-10-01"; insert into table_name values (column1,column2,...); ~~~ 例如: ~~~ insert into bbs ("2","jack","1993-10-02") insert into table_name (column_name1,column_name2,...) values (value1,value2); ~~~ 例如:`insert into bbs (name,data_year) values ("jack","1993-10-01");` 19.查询数据表中的数据: `select * from table_name; ` 例如:`select * from bbs where id=1;` 20.修改数据表中的数据: `update table_name set col_name=new_value where id=1; ` 例如:`update bbs set name="tom" where name="jack";` 21.增加一个字段: ` alter table table_name add column field_name datatype not null default "1"; ` 例如:`alter table bbs add column tel char(16) not null;` 22.增加多个字段:(column可省略不写) `alter table table_name add column filed_name1 datatype,add column filed_name2 datatype; ` 例如:`alter table bbs add column tel char(16) not null,add column address text;` 23.删除一个字段: ` alter table table_name drop field_name; ` 例如:`alter table bbs drop tel;` 24.修改字段的数据类型: ~~~ alter table table_name modify id int unsigned;//修改列id的类型为int unsigned alter table table_name change id sid int unsigned;//修改列id的名字为sid,而且把属性修改为int unsigned ~~~ 25.修改一个字段的默认值: `alter table table_name modify column_name datatype not null default ""; ` 例如:`alter table test_db modify name char(16) default not null "yourname";` 26.对表重新命名: `alter table table_name rename as new_table_name; ` 例如: ~~~ alter table bbs rename as bbs_table; rename table old_table_name to new_table_name; ~~~ 例如:`rename table test_db to accp;` 27.从已经有的表中复制表的结构: `create table table2 select * from table1 where 1<>1; ` 例如:`create table test_db select * from accp where 1<>1;` 28.查询时间: `select now(); ` 29.查询当前用户: `select user(); ` 30.查询数据库版本: `select version(); ` 31.创建索引: ~~~ alter table table1 add index ind_id(id); create index ind_id on table1(id); create unique index ind_id on table1(id);//建立唯一性索引 ~~~ 32.删除索引: ~~~ drop index idx_id on table1; alter table table1 drop index ind_id; ~~~ 33.联合字符或者多个列(将id与":"和列name和"="连接) `select concat(id,':',name,'=') from table; ` 34.limit(选出10到20条) `select * from bbs order by id limit 9,10; ` (从查询结果中列出第几到几条的记录) 35.增加一个管理员账号: ` grant all on *.* to user@localhost identified by "password";` 36.创建表是先判断表是否存在 `create table if not exists students(……); ` 37.复制表: `create table table2 select * from table1;` 例如:`create table test_db select * from accp;` 38.授于用户远程访问mysql的权限 grant all privileges on *.* to "root"@"%" identified by "password" with grant option; 或者是修改mysql数据库中的user表中的host字段 ~~~ use mysql; select user,host from user; update user set host="%" where user="user_name"; ~~~ 39.查看当前状态 `show status; ` 40.查看当前连接的用户 `show processlist; ` (如果是root用户,则查看全部的线程,得到的用户连接数同show status;里的 Threads_connected值是相同的) 本文地址:http://www.92csz.com/56/992.html 如非注明则为本站原创文章,欢迎转载。转载请注明转载自:moon's blog