mysql多实例（mysqld_multi方式） · Mysql数据库总结

CleverCode最近在研究mysql的多实例，发现有两种方式：第一种是使用多个配置文件启动不同的进程来实现多实例。这种方式的优势逻辑简单，配置简单，缺点是管理起来不太方便。第二种是通过官方自带的mysqld_multi。使用单独的配置文件来实现多实例，这种方式定制每个实例的配置不太方面，优点是管理起来很方便，集中管理。推荐使用多个配置文件方式。这种实际应用中好，耦合性不强，配置方便，特别是主从复制的时候。上一篇《mysql多实例（多个配置文件方式）》：http://blog.csdn.net/clevercode/article/details/47610619。介绍了多个配置文件方式。本篇将介绍mysqld_multi方式。 1 环境介绍： 1）简介 mysql 版本：mysql-5.5.27 cmake：cmake-2.8.8 操作系统：CentOS6.5 mysql实例数：3个实例占用端口分别为：3306、3307、3308 2）本次安装所有的软件资源包下载地址 http://download.csdn.net/detail/clevercode/8662323 2 配置防火墙 1) 在防火墙配置文件中添加3306，3307,3308（允许3306，3307,3308端口通过防火墙） ~~~ # vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables #编辑防火墙配置文件 -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3307 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3308 -j ACCEPT ~~~ 2）重启防火墙 ~~~ # /etc/init.d/iptables restart #最后重启防火墙使配置生效 ~~~ 3 安装cmake 解压 ~~~ # cd /usr/local/src/mysql # tar zxvf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz # cd cmake-2.8.8 ~~~ 配置 ` # ./configure` 编译 ` # make` 安装 ` # make install ` 查看版本 ` # cmake -version` 4 安装Mysql 1) 创建用户 ~~~ # groupadd mysql #添加mysql组 # useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false #创建用户mysql并加入到mysql组，不允许mysql用户直接登录系统 ~~~ 2) 解压 ~~~ # cd /usr/local/src/mysql # tar zxvf mysql-5.5.27.tar.gz # cd mysql-5.5.27 ~~~ 4) 配置 ` # cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql ` PS: cmake的时候，参数可以不用那么多，只要一个-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql就行了，我们可以在 my.cnf里面配置。[mysqld]中的内容，看看你copy后的my.cnf有没有这些设置，有就不用了在设置了。 5）编译 ` # make ` 6)安装 ` # make install ` 5 初始化数据库 ~~~ # mkdir -p /data0/dbdata/mysql/3306 # mkdir -p /data0/dbdata/mysql/3307 # mkdir -p /data0/dbdata/mysql/3308 # chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/dbdata/mysql/3306 # chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/dbdata/mysql/3307 # chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/dbdata/mysql/3308 # /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data0/dbdata/mysql/3306 --user=mysql # /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data0/dbdata/mysql/3307 --user=mysql # /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data0/dbdata/mysql/3308 --user=mysql ~~~ 6 修改配置文件（只用/etc/my.cnf文件） ~~~ # cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf # vi /etc/my.cnf ~~~ ~~~ [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin #用于登陆和关闭此服务 user = root password = CleverCode123 [mysqld3306] #数据目录 datadir = /data0/dbdata/mysql/3306 #连接 port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock #binlog log-bin=/data0/dbdata/mysql/3306/mysql-bin pid-file = /data0/dbdata/mysql/3306/mysql_3306.pid [mysqld3307] datadir = /data0/dbdata/mysql/3307 port = 3307 socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock log-bin=/data0/dbdata/mysql/3307/mysql-bin pid-file = /data0/dbdata/mysql/3307/mysql_3307.pid [mysqld3308] datadir = /data0/dbdata/mysql/3308 port = 3308 socket = /tmp/mysql3308.sock log-bin=/data0/dbdata/mysql/3308/mysql-bin pid-file = /data0/dbdata/mysql/3308/mysql_3308.pid ~~~ 7 启动3306、3307、3308的mysql ~~~ # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3306 # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3307 # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3308 ~~~ 8 查看端口是否监听，如果出现3306,3307,3308则启动正常 ~~~ # netstat -anp | grep 3308 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3308 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2348/mysqld unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10780 2348/mysqld /tmp/mysql3308.sock ~~~ 9 初始化密码并且授权远程登录，mysqladmin用户名和密码需要和/ect/my.cnf中保持一致，否则stop不了服务。 ~~~ # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "CleverCode123" -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pCleverCode123 -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'pwd3306' with grant option; mysql> flush privileges; # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "CleverCode123" -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pCleverCode123 -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'pwd3307' with grant option; mysql> flush privileges; # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "CleverCode123" -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pCleverCode123 -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'pwd3308' with grant option; mysql> flush privileges; ~~~ 10 停止（必须先初始化密码）。可以使用netstat -anp | grep 3308查看监听进程是否还存在 ~~~ # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi stop 3306 # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi stop 3307 # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi stop 3308 ~~~ 11 报告。显示进程的状态 ~~~ # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi report 3306 # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi report 3307 # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi report 3308 ~~~