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AES加密算法是对称密钥加密中最流行的算法之一 这是我转自CSDN博客的详细解析: 一般的加密通常都是块加密,如果要加密超过块大小的数据,就需要涉及填充和链加密模式,文中提到的ECB和CBC等就是指链加密模式。这篇文档比较形象地介绍了AES加密算法中的一些模式转载过来。注意,还缺一种CTR的模式。 同时在文章的最后,贴出几对利用ECB  and CBC模式得标准算法得到的码流串。  对称加密和分组加密中的四种模式(ECB、CBC、CFB、OFB) **一. AES对称加密:** ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa8338cdcf.jpg)                                                       AES加密 ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa833a969f.jpg)                          分组     **二.分组密码的填充**                                                    分组密码的填充   e.g.: ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa833b9365.jpg)                                                          PKCS#5填充方式       **三.流密码:** ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa833cd820.jpg) **四.分组密码加密中的四种模式:** **3.1 ECB模式** ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa833df046.jpg) **优点:** 1.简单; 2.有利于并行计算; 3.误差不会被传送; **缺点:** 1.不能隐藏明文的模式; 2.可能对明文进行主动攻击; ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa83407f03.jpg)   **3.2 CBC模式:** ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa834545e0.jpg) **优点:** 1.不容易主动攻击,安全性好于ECB,适合传输长度长的报文,是SSL、IPSec的标准。 **缺点:** 1.不利于并行计算; 2.误差传递; 3.需要初始化向量IV **3.3 CFB模式:** ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa8346ca4a.jpg) **优点:** 1.隐藏了明文模式; 2.分组密码转化为流模式; 3.可以及时加密传送小于分组的数据; **缺点:** 1.不利于并行计算; 2.误差传送:一个明文单元损坏影响多个单元; 3.唯一的IV;   **3.4 OFB模式:** ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-02-22_56caa8348bce7.jpg) **优点:** 1.隐藏了明文模式; 2.分组密码转化为流模式; 3.可以及时加密传送小于分组的数据; **缺点:** 1.不利于并行计算; 2.对明文的主动攻击是可能的; 3.误差传送:一个明文单元损坏影响多个单元; 几个码流串,经过了某款芯片的硬件加解密单元的测试   ECB        1 Key 0x2b7e151628aed2a6abf7158809cf4f3c Before encrypt 0x6bc1bee22e409f96e93d7e117393172a After encrypt 0x3ad77bb40d7a3660a89ecaf32466ef97        2 Key 0x6bc1bee22e409f96e93d7e117393172a Before encrypt 0xEA24274E EA6C2A7D F78E3345 467F171D After encrypt 0x6bc1bee22e409f96e93d7e117393172a   CBC Key 0x2b7e151628aed2a6abf7158809cf4f3c IV   0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f Before encrypt 0x6bc1bee22e409f96e93d7e117393172a After encrypt 0x7649abac8119b246cee98e9b12e9197d 然后,这个是网上找到的算法代码例子: ~~~ package com.login.aes; import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator; import javax.crypto.SecretKey; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import java.security.SecureRandom; /**  * Created with IntelliJ IDEA  * To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.  */ public class AESEncryptor {     /**      * AES加密     */     public static String encrypt(String seed, String cleartext) throws Exception {         byte[] rawKey = getRawKey(seed.getBytes());         byte[] result = encrypt(rawKey, cleartext.getBytes());         return toHex(result);     }    /**      * AES解密     */     public static String decrypt(String seed, String encrypted) throws Exception {         byte[] rawKey = getRawKey(seed.getBytes());         byte[] enc = toByte(encrypted);         byte[] result = decrypt(rawKey, enc);         return new String(result);     }    private static byte[] getRawKey(byte[] seed) throws Exception {         KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");         SecureRandom sr = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");         sr.setSeed(seed);         kgen.init(128, sr); // 192 and 256 bits may not be available         SecretKey skey = kgen.generateKey();         byte[] raw = skey.getEncoded();         return raw;     }    private static byte[] encrypt(byte[] raw, byte[] clear) throws Exception {         SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, "AES");         Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");         cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec);         byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(clear);         return encrypted;     }    private static byte[] decrypt(byte[] raw, byte[] encrypted) throws Exception {         SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, "AES");         Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");         cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec);         byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(encrypted);         return decrypted;     }    public static String toHex(String txt) {         return toHex(txt.getBytes());     }     public static String fromHex(String hex) {         return new String(toByte(hex));     }    public static byte[] toByte(String hexString) {         int len = hexString.length()/2;         byte[] result = new byte[len];         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)             result[i] = Integer.valueOf(hexString.substring(2*i, 2*i+2), 16).byteValue();         return result;     }    public static String toHex(byte[] buf) {         if (buf == null)             return "";         StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(2*buf.length);         for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {             appendHex(result, buf[i]);         }         return result.toString();     }     private final static String HEX = "0123456789ABCDEF";     private static void appendHex(StringBuffer sb, byte b) {         sb.append(HEX.charAt((b>>4)&0x0f)).append(HEX.charAt(b&0x0f));     } } ~~~