1、数组（Array）： ~~~ import Foundation //数组 //新建一个数组 var array1 = [Int]() //空数组 里面没有元素 print(array1.count) array1.append(3) //添加元素 print(array1.count) array1 = [] //清空数组 print(array1.count) //新建一个带有默认值的数组 var array2 = [Float](count: 5, repeatedValue: 2.11) print(array2) var array3 = [Float](count: 2, repeatedValue: 3.22) print(array3) var array23 = array2 + array3 //合并两个类型相同的数组 print(array23) //新建指定数值的数组 var array4 : [String] = ["value1", "value2", "value3"] print(array4) //访问和修改数组值 var array5 = [String]() if array5.count == 0 { print("array5 is empty") } if array5.isEmpty { print("array5 is empty") } //添加数据项 array5.append("v1") array5 += ["v2"] array5 += ["v3", "v4"] print(array5) print(array5[0]) array5[0] = "v111" //改变值 print(array5) array5[1...3] = ["v123"] //3项 替换为1项 print(array5) array5.insert("v-insert", atIndex: 1) // 在某个具体索引之前添加数据项 print(array5) array5.removeAtIndex(2) // 按索引移除某一项 print(array5) //array5.removeFirst() 移除第一项 //array5.removeLast() 移除最后一项 array5.removeAll() //移除所有 print(array5) //遍历数组 var array6 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] for item in array6 { print(item) } for (index, value) in array6.enumerate() { print("index:\(index),value:\(value)") } ~~~ 输出： ~~~ 0 1 0 [2.11, 2.11, 2.11, 2.11, 2.11] [3.22, 3.22] [2.11, 2.11, 2.11, 2.11, 2.11, 3.22, 3.22] ["value1", "value2", "value3"] array5 is empty array5 is empty ["v1", "v2", "v3", "v4"] v1 ["v111", "v2", "v3", "v4"] ["v111", "v123"] ["v111", "v-insert", "v123"] ["v111", "v-insert"] [] 1 2 3 4 5 6 index:0,value:1 index:1,value:2 index:2,value:3 index:3,value:4 index:4,value:5 index:5,value:6 Program ended with exit code: 0 ~~~ 2、集合（Set） ~~~ //set 集合 //用来存储相同数据类型，但是没有确定顺序，元素的值不能相同 var set1 = Set<String>() set1.insert("value1") set1.insert("value2") print(set1) set1.insert("value1") print(set1) set1 = [] //置空 print(set1) //用数组创建集合 var set2 : Set<String> = ["set21", "set22", "set23"] var set3 : Set<String> = ["set211", "set444", "set222", "set233", "set222"] print(set2) print(set3) //set3.isEmpty //set3.count //这两个和数组一样 set3.insert("set1") print(set3) set3.remove("set1") /* 你可以通过调⽤ Set 的 remove(_:) ⽅法去删除⼀个元素，如果该值是该 Set 的⼀个元素则删 除该元素并且返回被删除的元素值，否认如果该 Set 不包含该值，则返回 nil 。另 外， Set 中的所有元素可以通过它的 removeAll() ⽅法删除。 */ var isContain = set3.contains("set211") //遍历一个set for item in set3 { print(item) } //排序后输出 for item in set3.sort() { print(item) } //基本集合操作 var a : Set<Int> = [1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9] var b : Set<Int> = [2, 4, 5, 8] print(a) print(b) //交集 print(a.intersect(b)) //并集 print(a.union(b)) //a-b print(a.subtract(b)) //并集-交集 print(a.exclusiveOr(b)) //集合成员关系和相等 var c : Set<Int> = [1, 3] var d : Set<Int> = [1, 3] if c == d { print("c和d这两个集合相等") } if c.isSubsetOf(a) { print("a包含c") } if a.isSupersetOf(d) { print("a包含d") } if c.isDisjointWith(b) { print("c与b没有交集") } if c.isStrictSubsetOf(a) { print("c是a的子集合") } /* /// Returns true if the set is a subset of a finite sequence as a `Set`. @warn_unused_result public func isSubsetOf<S : SequenceType where S.Generator.Element == Element>(sequence: S) -> Bool /// Returns true if the set is a subset of a finite sequence as a `Set` /// but not equal. @warn_unused_result public func isStrictSubsetOf<S : SequenceType where S.Generator.Element == Element>(sequence: S) -> Bool */ //看上面定义可知 这两个的区别是isStrictSubsetOf 两个集合不能相等 isSubsetOf可以相等 if c.isSubsetOf(d) { print("--") } if c.isStrictSubsetOf(d){ print("++") } ~~~ 集合操作图：  输出： ~~~ ["value1", "value2"] ["value1", "value2"] [] ["set22", "set21", "set23"] ["set211", "set222", "set233", "set444"] ["set1", "set211", "set222", "set233", "set444"] set211 set222 set233 set444 set211 set222 set233 set444 [4, 9, 6, 7, 3, 1, 8] [5, 2, 4, 8] [4, 8] [2, 4, 9, 6, 7, 5, 3, 1, 8] [9, 6, 7, 3, 1] [2, 9, 6, 7, 5, 3, 1] c和d这两个集合相等 a包含c a包含d c与b没有交集 c是a的子集合 -- Program ended with exit code: 0 ~~~ 3、字典 ~~~ //字典 /* Swift 的字典使⽤ Dictionary<Key, Value> 定义，其中 Key 是字典中键的数据类型，Value是字典中对应于这些键所存储值的数据类型。 注意： ⼀个字典的 Key 类型必须遵循 Hashable 协议，就像 Set 的值类型。 我们也可以⽤ [Key: Value] 这样快捷的形式去创建⼀个字典类型。虽然这俩种形式功能上相同，但是后者是⾸选 */ //两种创建方式 var dict1 = [String : String]() var dict2 = Dictionary<String, String>() print(dict1) print(dict2) dict1["key1"] = "value1" print(dict1) dict1 = [:] //置空 print(dict1) var dict3 : [String : String] = ["key1":"value1", "key2":"value2", "key3":"value3"] print(dict3) //定义dict3的时候 [String : String] 可以省略 //字典基本操作 //dict3.isEmpty //dict3.count 判断是否为空 //增加 dict3["key4"] = "value4" print(dict3) //修改 dict3["key4"] = "value4444444" print(dict3) dict3.updateValue("valueNew4", forKey: "key4") print(dict3) //删除 dict3.removeValueForKey("key4") print(dict3) //遍历 for (key, value) in dict3 { print("\(key) : \(value)") } for key in dict3.keys { print(key) } for value in dict3.values { print(value) } for key in dict3.keys.sort() { print(dict3[key]!) } ~~~ 输出： ~~~ [:] [:] ["key1": "value1"] [:] ["key1": "value1", "key3": "value3", "key2": "value2"] ["key1": "value1", "key4": "value4", "key2": "value2", "key3": "value3"] ["key1": "value1", "key4": "value4444444", "key2": "value2", "key3": "value3"] ["key1": "value1", "key4": "valueNew4", "key2": "value2", "key3": "value3"] ["key1": "value1", "key2": "value2", "key3": "value3"] key1 : value1 key2 : value2 key3 : value3 key1 key2 key3 value1 value2 value3 value1 value2 value3 Program ended with exit code: 0 ~~~