[TOC]
# 通过zabbix官方模板监控mysql
## 准备环境
- 服务端：Linux CentOs7.2 192.168.0.62
- 客户端：Linux CentOs7.2 192.168.0.62
- zabbix版本：4.0.1 LTS
## 客户端
### 1.为数据库监控创建用户
生成环境上需要注意授权用户可管理的数据库，比如只能监控zabbix的库
```
mysql -uroot -p
grant all on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'zabbix';
flush privileges;
```
### 2.创建.my.cnf文件
```
vim /etc/zabbix/.my.cnf
[client]
user=zabbix
host=127.0.0.1
password=zabbix
```
### 3.修改userparameter_mysql.conf
yum安装的agent默认就存在该文件，路径为
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/userparameter_mysql.conf
```
# For all the following commands HOME should be set to the directory that has .my.cnf file with password information.
# Flexible parameter to grab global variables. On the frontend side, use keys like mysql.status[Com_insert].
# Key syntax is mysql.status[variable].
UserParameter=mysql.status[*],echo "show global status where Variable_name='$1';" | HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysql -N | awk '{print $$2}'
# Flexible parameter to determine database or table size. On the frontend side, use keys like mysql.size[zabbix,history,data].
# Key syntax is mysql.size[<database>,<table>,<type>].
# Database may be a database name or "all". Default is "all".
# Table may be a table name or "all". Default is "all".
# Type may be "data", "index", "free" or "both". Both is a sum of data and index. Default is "both".
# Database is mandatory if a table is specified. Type may be specified always.
# Returns value in bytes.
# 'sum' on data_length or index_length alone needed when we are getting this information for whole database instead of a single table
UserParameter=mysql.size[*],bash -c 'echo "select sum($(case "$3" in both|"") echo "data_length+index_length";; data|index) echo "$3_length";; free) echo "data_free";; esac)) from information_schema.tables$([[ "$1" = "all" || ! "$1" ]] || echo " where table_schema=\"$1\"")$([[ "$2" = "all" || ! "$2" ]] || echo "and table_name=\"$2\"");" | HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysql -N'
UserParameter=mysql.ping,HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysqladmin ping | grep -c alive
UserParameter=mysql.version,mysql -V
```
其中HOME=/var/lib/zabbix和yum安装的路径不符，需要修改成HOME=/etc/zabbix
所以修改后的文件为
```
# For all the following commands HOME should be set to the directory that has .my.cnf file with password information.
# Flexible parameter to grab global variables. On the frontend side, use keys like mysql.status[Com_insert].
# Key syntax is mysql.status[variable].
UserParameter=mysql.status[*],echo "show global status where Variable_name='$1';" | HOME=/etc/zabbix mysql -N | awk '{print $$2}'
# Flexible parameter to determine database or table size. On the frontend side, use keys like mysql.size[zabbix,history,data].
# Key syntax is mysql.size[<database>,<table>,<type>].
# Database may be a database name or "all". Default is "all".
# Table may be a table name or "all". Default is "all".
# Type may be "data", "index", "free" or "both". Both is a sum of data and index. Default is "both".
# Database is mandatory if a table is specified. Type may be specified always.
# Returns value in bytes.
# 'sum' on data_length or index_length alone needed when we are getting this information for whole database instead of a single table
UserParameter=mysql.size[*],bash -c 'echo "select sum($(case "$3" in both|"") echo "data_length+index_length";; data|index) echo "$3_length";; free) echo "data_free";; esac)) from information_schema.tables$([[ "$1" = "all" || ! "$1" ]] || echo " where table_schema=\"$1\"")$([[ "$2" = "all" || ! "$2" ]] || echo "and table_name=\"$2\"");" | HOME=/etc/zabbix mysql -N'
UserParameter=mysql.ping,HOME=/etc/zabbix mysqladmin ping | grep -c alive
UserParameter=mysql.version,mysql -V
```
**生效需要重启agent**
```
systemctl restart zabbix-agent
```
### 测试执行情况
- 客户端测试
```
先使用root账户执行
HOME=/etc/zabbix sudo mysqladmin ping | grep -c alive
1
再使用zabbix账户执行
sudo -u zabbix sudo HOME=/etc/zabbix mysqladmin ping | grep -c alive
1
如果出错，一般都是zabbix权限不够的问题，可以看后面的sudo权限提升
```
- 服务端测试
```
zabbix_get -s 192.168.0.131 -k "mysql.status[Bytes_sent]"
167002
```
## 服务端
为目标主机添加模板链接Template DB MySQL
查看生成的图形
## sudo提升
> 默认普通用户无法使用sudo
> 需要修改/etc/sudoers文件，默认文件属性为440
> -r--r-----. 1 root root 3972 Jul 14 16:03 /etc/sudoers
直接使用visudo修改
如果你希望之后执行sudo命令时不需要输入密码，那么可以形如，注意修改行下需空一行，退出重新登录后生效
```
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
zabbix ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/var/lib/mysql/bin #可以无密码使用mysqld restart命令
```
使用不同账户，执行执行脚本时候sudo经常会碰到 sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo这个情况，其实修改一下sudo的配置就好了
```
注释掉 Default requiretty 一行
#Default requiretty
```
意思就是sudo默认需要tty终端。注释掉就可以在后台执行了。
要测试用户权限是否生效可以使用
```
sudo -u happy sudo /var/lib/zabbix/mysqld restart
```
