## 索引API
```
IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("posts"); #1
request.id("1"); #2
String jsonString = "{" +
"\"user\":\"kimchy\"," +
"\"postDate\":\"2013-01-30\"," +
"\"message\":\"trying out Elasticsearch\"" +
"}";
request.source(jsonString, XContentType.JSON); #3
```
* 1 index 索引名
* 2 document id 文档id
* 3 document source 文档资源，类似于关系型数据库表的一行内容
### source
#### map
```
Map<String, Object> jsonMap = new HashMap<>();
jsonMap.put("user", "kimchy");
jsonMap.put("postDate", new Date());
jsonMap.put("message", "trying out Elasticsearch");
IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest("posts")
.id("1").source(jsonMap);
```
提供为的document source，该`Map`自动转换为JSON格式
#### XcontentBuilder
```
XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
builder.startObject();
{
builder.field("user", "kimchy");
builder.timeField("postDate", new Date());
builder.field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch");
}
builder.endObject();
IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest("posts")
.id("1").source(builder);
```
作为`XContentBuilder`对象提供的文档源，Elasticsearch内置帮助器可生成JSON内容
```
IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest("posts")
.id("1")
.source("user", "kimchy",
"postDate", new Date(),
"message", "trying out Elasticsearch");
```
作为`Object`key-pairs提供的文档源，被转换为JSON格式
## 可选参数
### 路由
```
request.routing("routing");
```
### 等待primary shard超时设置
```
request.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1)); //TimeValue
request.timeout("1s");//string
两种方式等值
```
### 刷新策略
```
request.setRefreshPolicy(WriteRequest.RefreshPolicy.WAIT_UNTIL);
request.setRefreshPolicy("wait_for");
```
### version--版本
```
request.version(2)
```
### Version type
```
request.opType(DocWriteRequest.OpType.CREATE); //提供DocWriteRequest.OpType值的操作类型
request.opType("create");//以String：提供的操作类型可以是create或index（默认）
```
### pipeline
```
request.setPipeline("pipeline");
```
The name of the ingest pipeline to be executed before indexing the document
## Syschronous excution 同步执行
~~~
IndexResponse indexResponse = client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
~~~
## Asynchronnou execution 异步执行
~~~
client.indexAsync(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT, listener);
~~~
A typical listener for`index`looks like:
```
listener = new ActionListener<IndexResponse>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(IndexResponse indexResponse) {
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Exception e) {
}
};
```
### Index Response
~~~
String index = indexResponse.getIndex();
String id = indexResponse.getId();
if (indexResponse.getResult() == DocWriteResponse.Result.CREATED) {
} else if (indexResponse.getResult() == DocWriteResponse.Result.UPDATED) {
}
ReplicationResponse.ShardInfo shardInfo = indexResponse.getShardInfo();
if (shardInfo.getTotal() != shardInfo.getSuccessful()) {
}
if (shardInfo.getFailed() > 0) {
for (ReplicationResponse.ShardInfo.Failure failure :
shardInfo.getFailures()) {
String reason = failure.reason();
}
}
~~~
处理（如果需要）首次创建文档的情况
处理（如果需要）已存在的文档被重写的情况
处理成功分片数量少于总分片数量的情况
处理潜在的故障
