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上篇文章介绍了插件式配置HttpClient，本文将介绍插件式配置Header。
为什么要配置header在前面已经提到了，还里再简单说一下，要使用HttpClient模拟请求，去访问各种接口或者网站资源，都有可能有各种限制，比如说java客户端模拟访问csdn博客，就必须设置User-Agent，否则就报错了。还有各种其他情况，必须的设置一些特定的Header，才能请求成功，或者才能不出问题。
好了就说这么多，本次还是采用构造者模式的级联调用方式，来完成该工具类。在该工具类中，为所有常用的Http Request Header都提供了设置方法。具体参数参考的链接是[HTTP Header 详解](http://kb.cnblogs.com/page/92320/)。
不再多废话了，看具体代码吧：
~~~
package com.tgb.ccl.http.common;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
/**
* 创建HttpReqHead
*
* @author arron
* @date 2015年11月9日 上午10:37:23
* @version 1.0
*/
public class HttpHeader {
private HttpHeader() {};
public static HttpHeader custom() {
return new HttpHeader();
}
//记录head头信息
private Map<String, Header> headerMaps = new HashMap<String, Header>();
/**
* 指定客户端能够接收的内容类型
* 例如：Accept: text/plain, text/html
*
* @param accept
*/
public HttpHeader accept(String accept) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT, accept));
return this;
}
/**
* 浏览器可以接受的字符编码集
* 例如：Accept-Charset: iso-8859-5
*
* @param acceptCharset
*/
public HttpHeader acceptCharset(String acceptCharset) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_CHARSET,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_CHARSET, acceptCharset));
return this;
}
/**
* 指定浏览器可以支持的web服务器返回内容压缩编码类型
* 例如：Accept-Encoding: compress, gzip
*
* @param acceptEncoding
*/
public HttpHeader acceptEncoding(String acceptEncoding) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_ENCODING,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_ENCODING, acceptEncoding));
return this;
}
/**
* 浏览器可接受的语言
* 例如：Accept-Language: en,zh
*
* @param acceptLanguage
*/
public HttpHeader acceptLanguage(String acceptLanguage) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_LANGUAGE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_LANGUAGE, acceptLanguage));
return this;
}
/**
* 可以请求网页实体的一个或者多个子范围字段
* 例如：Accept-Ranges: bytes
*
* @param acceptRanges
*/
public HttpHeader acceptRanges(String acceptRanges) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_RANGES,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_RANGES, acceptRanges));
return this;
}
/**
* HTTP授权的授权证书
* 例如：Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==
*
* @param authorization
*/
public HttpHeader authorization(String authorization) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.AUTHORIZATION,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.AUTHORIZATION, authorization));
return this;
}
/**
* 指定请求和响应遵循的缓存机制
* 例如：Cache-Control: no-cache
*
* @param cacheControl
*/
public HttpHeader cacheControl(String cacheControl) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.CACHE_CONTROL,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.CACHE_CONTROL, cacheControl));
return this;
}
/**
* 表示是否需要持久连接（HTTP 1.1默认进行持久连接）
* 例如：Connection: close 短链接； Connection: keep-alive 长连接
*
* @param connection
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader connection(String connection) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.CONNECTION,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.CONNECTION, connection));
return this;
}
/**
* HTTP请求发送时，会把保存在该请求域名下的所有cookie值一起发送给web服务器
* 例如：Cookie: $Version=1; Skin=new;
*
* @param cookie
*/
public HttpHeader cookie(String cookie) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.COOKIE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.COOKIE, cookie));
return this;
}
/**
* 请求内容长度
* 例如：Content-Length: 348
*
* @param contentLength
*/
public HttpHeader contentLength(String contentLength) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.CONTENT_LENGTH,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.CONTENT_LENGTH, contentLength));
return this;
}
/**
* 请求的与实体对应的MIME信息
* 例如：Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
*
* @param contentType
*/
public HttpHeader contentType(String contentType) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.CONTENT_TYPE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.CONTENT_TYPE, contentType));
return this;
}
/**
* 请求发送的日期和时间
* 例如：Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2010 08:12:31 GMT
*
* @param date
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader date(String date) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.DATE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.DATE, date));
return this;
}
/**
* 请求的特定的服务器行为
* 例如：Expect: 100-continue
*
* @param expect
*/
public HttpHeader expect(String expect) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.EXPECT,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.EXPECT, expect));
return this;
}
/**
* 发出请求的用户的Email
* 例如：From: user@email.com
*
* @param from
*/
public HttpHeader from(String from) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.FROM,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.FROM, from));
return this;
}
/**
* 指定请求的服务器的域名和端口号
* 例如：Host: blog.csdn.net
*
* @param host
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader host(String host) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.HOST,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.HOST, host));
return this;
}
/**
* 只有请求内容与实体相匹配才有效
* 例如：If-Match: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”
*
* @param ifMatch
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader ifMatch(String ifMatch) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.IF_MATCH,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.IF_MATCH, ifMatch));
return this;
}
/**
* 如果请求的部分在指定时间之后被修改则请求成功，未被修改则返回304代码
* 例如：If-Modified-Since: Sat, 29 Oct 2010 19:43:31 GMT
*
* @param ifModifiedSince
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader ifModifiedSince(String ifModifiedSince) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.IF_MODIFIED_SINCE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.IF_MODIFIED_SINCE, ifModifiedSince));
return this;
}
/**
* 如果内容未改变返回304代码，参数为服务器先前发送的Etag，与服务器回应的Etag比较判断是否改变
* 例如：If-None-Match: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”
*
* @param ifNoneMatch
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader ifNoneMatch(String ifNoneMatch) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.IF_NONE_MATCH,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.IF_NONE_MATCH, ifNoneMatch));
return this;
}
/**
* 如果实体未改变，服务器发送客户端丢失的部分，否则发送整个实体。参数也为Etag
* 例如：If-Range: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”
*
* @param ifRange
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader ifRange(String ifRange) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.IF_RANGE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.IF_RANGE, ifRange));
return this;
}
/**
* 只在实体在指定时间之后未被修改才请求成功
* 例如：If-Unmodified-Since: Sat, 29 Oct 2010 19:43:31 GMT
*
* @param ifUnmodifiedSince
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader ifUnmodifiedSince(String ifUnmodifiedSince) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE, ifUnmodifiedSince));
return this;
}
/**
* 限制信息通过代理和网关传送的时间
* 例如：Max-Forwards: 10
*
* @param maxForwards
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader maxForwards(String maxForwards) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.MAX_FORWARDS,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.MAX_FORWARDS, maxForwards));
return this;
}
/**
* 用来包含实现特定的指令
* 例如：Pragma: no-cache
*
* @param pragma
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader pragma(String pragma) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.PRAGMA,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.PRAGMA, pragma));
return this;
}
/**
* 连接到代理的授权证书
* 例如：Proxy-Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==
*
* @param proxyAuthorization
*/
public HttpHeader proxyAuthorization(String proxyAuthorization) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.PROXY_AUTHORIZATION,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.PROXY_AUTHORIZATION, proxyAuthorization));
return this;
}
/**
* 只请求实体的一部分，指定范围
* 例如：Range: bytes=500-999
*
* @param range
*/
public HttpHeader range(String range) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.RANGE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.RANGE, range));
return this;
}
/**
* 先前网页的地址，当前请求网页紧随其后,即来路
* 例如：Referer: http://www.zcmhi.com/archives/71.html
*
* @param referer
*/
public HttpHeader referer(String referer) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.REFERER,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.REFERER, referer));
return this;
}
/**
* 客户端愿意接受的传输编码，并通知服务器接受接受尾加头信息
* 例如：TE: trailers,deflate;q=0.5
*
* @param te
*/
public HttpHeader te(String te) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.TE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.TE, te));
return this;
}
/**
* 向服务器指定某种传输协议以便服务器进行转换（如果支持）
* 例如：Upgrade: HTTP/2.0, SHTTP/1.3, IRC/6.9, RTA/x11
*
* @param upgrade
*/
public HttpHeader upgrade(String upgrade) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.UPGRADE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.UPGRADE, upgrade));
return this;
}
/**
* User-Agent的内容包含发出请求的用户信息
*
* @param userAgent
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader userAgent(String userAgent) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.USER_AGENT,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.USER_AGENT, userAgent));
return this;
}
/**
* 关于消息实体的警告信息
* 例如：Warn: 199 Miscellaneous warning
*
* @param warning
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader warning(String warning) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.WARNING,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.WARNING, warning));
return this;
}
/**
* 通知中间网关或代理服务器地址，通信协议
* 例如：Via: 1.0 fred, 1.1 nowhere.com (Apache/1.1)
*
* @param via
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader via(String via) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.VIA,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.VIA, via));
return this;
}
/**
* 设置此HTTP连接的持续时间（超时时间）
* 例如：Keep-Alive: 300
*
* @param keepAlive
* @return
*/
public HttpHeader keepAlive(String keepAlive) {
headerMaps.put(HttpReqHead.KEEP_ALIVE,
new BasicHeader(HttpReqHead.KEEP_ALIVE, keepAlive));
return this;
}
public String accept() {
return get(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT);
}
public String acceptCharset() {
return get(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_CHARSET);
}
public String acceptEncoding() {
return get(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_ENCODING);
}
public String acceptLanguage() {
return get(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_LANGUAGE);
}
public String acceptRanges() {
return get(HttpReqHead.ACCEPT_RANGES);
}
public String authorization() {
return get(HttpReqHead.AUTHORIZATION);
}
public String cacheControl() {
return get(HttpReqHead.CACHE_CONTROL);
}
public String connection() {
return get(HttpReqHead.CONNECTION);
}
public String cookie() {
return get(HttpReqHead.COOKIE);
}
public String contentLength() {
return get(HttpReqHead.CONTENT_LENGTH);
}
public String contentType() {
return get(HttpReqHead.CONTENT_TYPE);
}
public String date() {
return get(HttpReqHead.DATE);
}
public String expect() {
return get(HttpReqHead.EXPECT);
}
public String from() {
return get(HttpReqHead.FROM);
}
public String host() {
return get(HttpReqHead.HOST);
}
public String ifMatch() {
return get(HttpReqHead.IF_MATCH);
}
public String ifModifiedSince() {
return get(HttpReqHead.IF_MODIFIED_SINCE);
}
public String ifNoneMatch() {
return get(HttpReqHead.IF_NONE_MATCH);
}
public String ifRange() {
return get(HttpReqHead.IF_RANGE);
}
public String ifUnmodifiedSince() {
return get(HttpReqHead.IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE);
}
public String maxForwards() {
return get(HttpReqHead.MAX_FORWARDS);
}
public String pragma() {
return get(HttpReqHead.PRAGMA);
}
public String proxyAuthorization() {
return get(HttpReqHead.PROXY_AUTHORIZATION);
}
public String referer() {
return get(HttpReqHead.REFERER);
}
public String te() {
return get(HttpReqHead.TE);
}
public String upgrade() {
return get(HttpReqHead.UPGRADE);
}
public String userAgent() {
return get(HttpReqHead.USER_AGENT);
}
public String via() {
return get(HttpReqHead.VIA);
}
public String warning() {
return get(HttpReqHead.WARNING);
}
public String keepAlive() {
return get(HttpReqHead.KEEP_ALIVE);
}
/**
* 获取head信息
*
* @return
*/
private String get(String headName) {
if (headerMaps.containsKey(headName)) {
return headerMaps.get(headName).getValue();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 返回header头信息
*
* @return
*/
public Header[] build() {
Header[] headers = new Header[headerMaps.size()];
int i = 0;
for (Header header : headerMaps.values()) {
headers[i] = header;
i++;
}
headerMaps.clear();
headerMaps = null;
return headers;
}
/**
* Http头信息
*
* @author arron
* @date 2015年11月9日 上午11:29:04
* @version 1.0
*/
private static class HttpReqHead {
public static final String ACCEPT = "Accept";
public static final String ACCEPT_CHARSET = "Accept-Charset";
public static final String ACCEPT_ENCODING = "Accept-Encoding";
public static final String ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = "Accept-Language";
public static final String ACCEPT_RANGES = "Accept-Ranges";
public static final String AUTHORIZATION = "Authorization";
public static final String CACHE_CONTROL = "Cache-Control";
public static final String CONNECTION = "Connection";
public static final String COOKIE = "Cookie";
public static final String CONTENT_LENGTH = "Content-Length";
public static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "Content-Type";
public static final String DATE= "Date";
public static final String EXPECT = "Expect";
public static final String FROM = "From";
public static final String HOST = "Host";
public static final String IF_MATCH = "If-Match ";
public static final String IF_MODIFIED_SINCE = "If-Modified-Since";
public static final String IF_NONE_MATCH = "If-None-Match";
public static final String IF_RANGE = "If-Range";
public static final String IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE = "If-Unmodified-Since";
public static final String KEEP_ALIVE = "Keep-Alive";
public static final String MAX_FORWARDS = "Max-Forwards";
public static final String PRAGMA = "Pragma";
public static final String PROXY_AUTHORIZATION = "Proxy-Authorization";
public static final String RANGE = "Range";
public static final String REFERER = "Referer";
public static final String TE = "TE";
public static final String UPGRADE = "Upgrade";
public static final String USER_AGENT = "User-Agent";
public static final String VIA = "Via";
public static final String WARNING = "Warning";
}
/**
* 常用头信息配置
*
* @author arron
* @date 2015年11月18日 下午5:30:00
* @version 1.0
*/
public static class Headers{
public static final String APP_FORM_URLENCODED="application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
public static final String TEXT_PLAIN="text/plain";
public static final String TEXT_HTML="text/html";
public static final String TEXT_XML="text/xml";
public static final String TEXT_JSON="text/json";
public static final String CONTENT_CHARSET_ISO_8859_1 = Consts.ISO_8859_1.name();
public static final String CONTENT_CHARSET_UTF8 = Consts.UTF_8.name();
public static final String DEF_PROTOCOL_CHARSET = Consts.ASCII.name();
public static final String CONN_CLOSE = "close";
public static final String KEEP_ALIVE = "keep-alive";
public static final String EXPECT_CONTINUE = "100-continue";
}
}
~~~
调用方式：
~~~
//设置header信息
Header[] headers=HttpHeader.custom().keepAlive("false").connection("close").contentType(Headers.APP_FORM_URLENCODED).build();
~~~
就是这么简单。到此该工具类就完成了。下一篇将分享该工具类以及单次调用测试和多线程调用测试。
代码已上传至：[https://github.com/Arronlong/httpclientUtil](https://github.com/Arronlong/httpclientUtil)。
- 前言
- HttpClient3.x之Get请求和Post请求示例
- httpclient3.x中使用HTTPS的方法
- 简单的利用UrlConnection，后台模拟http请求
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之模拟post请求示例
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之配置ssl，采用绕过证书验证实现https
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之配置ssl，采用设置信任自签名证书实现https
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之设置代理，可以访问FaceBook
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之封装HttpClient工具类(一)（现有网上分享中的最强大的工具类）
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之封装HttpClient工具类(二)，插件式配置HttpClient对象
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之封装HttpClient工具类(三)，插件式配置Header
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之封装HttpClient工具类(四)，单线程调用及多线程批量调用测试
- 轻松把玩HttpAsyncClient之模拟post请求示例
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之封装HttpClient工具类(五)，携带Cookie的请求
- 轻松把玩HttpClient之封装HttpClient工具类(六)，封装输入参数，简化工具类