一）单实例安装
* 第一种：yum安装
在centos7操作系统上，需要安装epel源，才能使用yum安装redis软件，默认自带的redis软件版本为：
~~~
Name : redis
Arch : x86_64
Version : 3.2.10
Release : 2.el7
Size : 1.4 M
~~~
[admin@huancun01 ~]$ sudo yum -y install redis
查看：
~~~
[admin@huancun01 ~]$ sudo rpm -ql redis
/etc/logrotate.d/redis
/etc/redis-sentinel.conf （配置文件）
/etc/redis.conf （配置文件）
/etc/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service.d
/etc/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service.d/limit.conf
/etc/systemd/system/redis.service.d
/etc/systemd/system/redis.service.d/limit.conf
/usr/bin/redis-benchmark
/usr/bin/redis-check-aof
/usr/bin/redis-check-rdb
/usr/bin/redis-cli
/usr/bin/redis-sentinel
/usr/bin/redis-server
/usr/lib/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service （启动脚本）
/usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service （启动脚本）
/usr/libexec/redis-shutdown （关闭redis）
~~~
* 第二种：编译安装
~~~
#!/bin/bash
#Description install redis-4.0.8
SOFTDIR=/usr/local/src
REDISVERSION=4.0.8
REDISPATH=/usr/local/redis-${REDISVERSION}
BINDIP=$(/sbin/ifconfig eth1|grep inet|grep -v inet6|awk '{print $2}')
REDISLOGDIR=/var/log/redis
REDISCONFDIR=/etc/redis
PROT=6379
REDISCONFNAME=redis_${PROT}.conf
REDISDBDIR=/var/lib/redis_${PROT}
USER=redis
GROUP=redis
# create redis user
if ! id $USER &>/dev/null;then
groupadd -g 1211 $GROUP
useradd -u 1211 -g $GROUP -s /sbin/nologin $USER
fi
#create redis log dir and redis RDB dbdir
[ ! -d $REDISLOGDIR ] && mkdir -p $REDISLOGDIR
[ ! -d $REDISDBDIR ] && mkdir -p $REDISDBDIR
chown -R $USER:$GROUP ${REDISLOGDIR}
chown -R $USER:$GROUP ${REDISDBDIR}
#install jemalloc
yum -y install jemalloc
#download redis and install redis
cd $SOFTDIR && [ ! -f redis-${REDISVERSION}.tar.gz ] && wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
[ ! -d redis-${REDISVERSION} ] && tar xf redis-${REDISVERSION}.tar.gz
cd redis-${REDISVERSION} && make PREFIX=${REDISPATH} install
#copy redis configure file redis
[ ! -d $REDISCONFDIR ] && mkdir -p $REDISCONFDIR
cd ${REDISCONFDIR} && [ ! -f ${REDISCONFNAME} ] && cd ${SOFTDIR}/redis-${REDISVERSION} && cp redis.conf ${REDISCONFDIR}/${REDISCONFNAME}
sed -i "s#bind 127.0.0.1#bind ${BINDIP}#g" ${REDISCONFDIR}/${REDISCONFNAME}
sed -i "s#daemonize no#daemonize yes#g" ${REDISCONFDIR}/${REDISCONFNAME}
sed -i "s#logfile ""#logfile ${REDISLOGDIR}/redis_${PROT}.log#g" ${REDISCONFDIR}/${REDISCONFNAME}
sed -i "s#dir ./#dir ${REDISDBDIR}#g" ${REDISCONFDIR}/${REDISCONFNAME}
sed -i "500 a\ requirepass Aa123456" ${REDISCONFDIR}/${REDISCONFNAME}
#configure redis start script
cd ${SOFTDIR}/redis-${REDISVERSION}/utils && cp redis_init_script /etc/init.d/redis
sed -i '6 a \PROG=$(basename $0)' /etc/init.d/redis
sed -i 's#EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server#EXEC=/usr/local/redis-4.0.8/bin/redis-server#g' /etc/init.d/redis
sed -i 's#CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli#CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis-4.0.8/bin/redis-cli#g' /etc/init.d/redis
sed -i 's#CONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf"#CONF="/etc/redis/redis_${REDISPORT}.conf"#g' /etc/init.d/redis
chmod u+x /etc/init.d/redis
#start redis start
/etc/init.d/redis start
if [ "`ss -tunlp|grep 6379 |awk -F ":" '{print $2}'|awk '{print $1}'`" == "6379" ];then
echo "redis start succefull"
else
echo "redis start fail"
fi
echo "export PATH=${REDISPATH}/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
#shutdown redis
# vim /etc/init.d/redis
# $CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT -h ${BINDIP} shutdown
~~~
* 第三种：通过saltstack批量安装
~~~
[admin@master redis]$ cat install.sls
include:
- pkg.pkg-init
redis_dependece:
pkg.installed:
- names:
- jemalloc
redis-user-group:
group.present:
- name: redis
- gid: 988
user.present:
- name: redis
- fullname: redis
- shell: /sbin/nologin
- uid: 988
- gid: 988
redis-install:
file.managed:
- name: /usr/local/src/redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
- source: salt://redis/files/redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
cmd.run:
- name: cd /usr/local/src && sudo tar xf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz && cd redis-4.0.8 && sudo make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install
- unless: test -d /usr/local/redis
- require:
- file: redis-install
- pkg: redis_dependece
~~~
~~~
include:
- redis.install
/var/log/redis:
file.directory:
- user: redis
- group: redis
- mode: 750
- makedirs: True
/var/lib/redis:
file.directory:
- user: redis
- group: redis
- mode: 750
- makedirs: True
redis-configure:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/redis.conf
- source: salt://redis/files/redis.conf
- user: redis
- group: root
- mode: 640
/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-shutdown:
file.managed:
- source: salt://redis/files/redis-shutdown
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 755
redis-service:
file.managed:
- name: /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service
- source: salt://redis/files/redis.service
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
service.running:
- name: redis
- enable: True
- require:
- cmd: redis-install
- file: redis-service
- file: /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-shutdown
- watch:
- file: redis-configure
~~~
第二部分：配置redis单机多实例
多实例安装脚本
~~~
#!/bin/bash
#Description install redis-4.0.8
SOFTDIR=/usr/local/src
REDISVERSION=4.0.8
REDISPATH=/usr/local/redis-${REDISVERSION}
BINDIP=$(/sbin/ifconfig eth1|grep inet|grep -v inet6|awk '{print $2}')
REDISDIR=/data/redis
PORT1=6380
PORT2=6381
PORT3=6382
REDISCONFNAME=redis.conf
USER=redis
GROUP=redis
# create redis user
if ! id $USER &>/dev/null;then
groupadd -g 1211 $GROUP
useradd -u 1211 -g $GROUP -s /sbin/nologin $USER
fi
#create directroy
for i in ${PORT1} ${PORT2} ${PORT3};do
[ ! -d ${REDISDIR}/$i ] && mkdir -p ${REDISDIR}/$i/{conf,db,log} && chown -R $USER:$GROUP ${REDISDIR}/$i/{db,log}
done
#install jemalloc
yum -y install jemalloc
#download redis and install redis
cd $SOFTDIR && [ ! -f redis-${REDISVERSION}.tar.gz ] && wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
[ ! -d redis-${REDISVERSION} ] && tar xf redis-${REDISVERSION}.tar.gz
cd redis-${REDISVERSION} && make PREFIX=${REDISPATH} install
#copy redis configure file redis
for port in ${PORT1} ${PORT2} ${PORT3};do
cat > ${REDISDIR}/${port}/conf/redis.conf <<EOF
################################## NETWORK #####################################
bind $BINDIP
protected-mode yes
port $port
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 300
################################# GENERAL #####################################
daemonize yes
supervised no
pidfile ${REDISDIR}/${port}/redis.pid
loglevel notice
logfile ${REDISDIR}/${port}/log/redis.log
databases 20
################################ SNAPSHOTTING ################################
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir ${REDISDIR}/${port}/db/
EOF
done
#configure redis start script
for port in ${PORT1} ${PORT2} ${PORT3};do
cd ${REDISPATH} && bin/redis-server ${REDISDIR}/${port}/conf/redis.conf
done
~~~
多实例启动脚本
~~~
#!/bin/sh
#chkconfig: 2345 10 90
#description: Startup and stop script for Redis
PATH=/usr/local/redis-4.0.8/bin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin
RPORT1=6380
RPORT2=6381
RPORT3=6382
RPORTS=($RPORT1 $RPORT2 $RPORT3)
EXEC=/usr/local/redis-4.0.8/bin/redis-server
REDIS_CLI=/usr/local/redis-4.0.8/bin/redis-cli
RPIDFILE1=/data/redis/${RPORT1}/redis.pid
RPIDFILE2=/data/redis/${RPORT2}/redis.pid
RPIDFILE3=/data/redis/${RPORT3}/redis.pid
RPIDFILES=($RPIDFILE1 $RPIDFILE2 $RPIDFILE3)
BINDIP=$(/sbin/ifconfig eth1|grep inet|grep -v inet6|awk '{print $2}')
RCONF1=/data/redis/${RPORT1}/conf/redis.conf
RCONF2=/data/redis/${RPORT2}/conf/redis.conf
RCONF3=/data/redis/${RPORT3}/conf/redis.conf
RCONFS=($RCONF1 $RCONF2 $RCONF3)
case "$1" in
start)
i=0
for PID in ${RPIDFILES[@]}
do
if [ -e $PID ]
then
echo "$PID has exist, process is running"
else
echo "$PID Start ..."
$EXEC ${RCONFS[i]}
fi
if [ "$?" == "0" ]
then
echo "$PID is running"
else
echo "$PID is failed to start"
fi
let i++
done
;;
stop)
i=0
for PID in ${RPIDFILES[@]}
do
if [ ! -e $PID ]
then
echo "$PID does not exist, process is not running"
else
echo "$PID Stoping ..."
$REDIS_CLI -p ${RPORTS[i]} -h $BINDIP SHUTDOWN
sleep 2
while [ -e $PID ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
sleep 1
done
echo "$PID stopped"
fi
let i++
done
;;
restart)
${0} stop
${0} start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/redis {start|stop|restart}" >&2
exit 1
esac
~~~
三）
Redis可执行文件的说明：
~~~
命令名 命令说明
redis-server redis服务器
redis-cli redis命令行客户端
redis-benchmark redis性能测试工具
redis-check-aof aof文件修复工具
redis-check-dump RDB文件检查工具
redis-sentinel sentinel服务器
~~~
Redis客户端连接
[admin@huancun01 ~]$ sudo redis-cli -h 192.168.20.144 -p 6379 -a Aa123456
状态回复： ping -->pong
错误回复 hget hello field -> (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'hget' command
整数回复 incr hello -> (integer) 1
字符串回复 get sname -> "alex"
Redis服务器端常用的配置
* 基础配置
~~~
bind 绑定到哪个IP地址
port redis对外端口号
pid redis的pid文件
daemonize 是否以守护进程的方式运行yes|no
log redis的日志文件
dir redis工作目录
requirepass 设置连接redis的密码
~~~
如何要禁止某个命令，可以在配置文件中，操作如下
rename-command FLUSHALL ""
rename-command keys ""
这样keys命令、FLUSHALL命令就不能用咯
通用命令：
* keys [pattern] 遍历所有的key
192.168.20.144:6379> keys *
* exists 检查key是否存在
192.168.20.144:6379> EXISTS myliste
(integer) 1
192.168.20.144:6379> EXISTS blogs
(integer) 0
* expire key seconds key在seconds秒后过期
192.168.20.144:6379> EXPIRE blog 60
(integer) 1
* ttl key 查看key剩余的过期时间
192.168.20.144:6379> ttl blog
(integer) 35
* persist key 去掉key的过期时间
192.168.20.144:6379> PERSIST blog
(integer) 1
192.168.20.144:6379> ttl blog
(integer) -1
* type key 返回key的类型
192.168.20.144:6379> type blog
hash
注意：生产环境中，一般会把keys等一些命令禁止使用
拒绝如下命令
keys
flushall
flushdb
slow lua script
mutil/exec
operate big value(collection)
hgetall
