### 写在前面 之前写过一篇关于docker安装的博客，那种方式安装有很多缺点。运行docker和使用docker的时候会产生多个进程，占用Linux主机的资源。于是，我找到了新的方式安装docker。 ### 重要的三个文件 ```bash /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.socket /usr/lib/systemd/system/containerd.service ``` ## 开始安装docker ### 添加docker用户 ```bash groupadd docker ``` ### 下载docker ```bash https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-20.10.7.tgz ``` ### 解压 ```bash tar xzvf docker-20.10.7.tgz ``` ### 复制文件到/usr/bin/ 目录下 ```bash cp docker/* /usr/bin/ ``` `建议把docker文件复制到/usr/bin/目录下，如果移动到别的目录有点问题，systemctl脚本启动不起来。` ### 创建docker.socket文件 ```bash cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.socket << 'EOF' [Unit] Description=Docker Socket for the API [Socket] ListenStream=/var/run/docker.sock SocketMode=0660 SocketUser=root SocketGroup=docker [Install] WantedBy=sockets.target EOF ``` ### 创建containerd.service文件 ```bash cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/containerd.service << 'EOF' # Copyright The containerd Authors. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. [Unit] Description=containerd container runtime Documentation=https://containerd.io After=network.target local-fs.target [Service] ExecStartPre=-/sbin/modprobe overlay ExecStart=/usr/bin/containerd Type=notify Delegate=yes KillMode=process Restart=always RestartSec=5 # Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead # in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting. LimitNPROC=infinity LimitCORE=infinity LimitNOFILE=1048576 # Comment TasksMax if your systemd version does not supports it. # Only systemd 226 and above support this version. TasksMax=infinity OOMScoreAdjust=-999 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` ### 创建docker.server文件 ```bash tee /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service <<-'EOF' [Unit] Description=Docker Application Container Engine Documentation=https://docs.docker.com After=network-online.target firewalld.service containerd.service Wants=network-online.target Requires=docker.socket containerd.service [Service] Type=notify # the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still # exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required # for containers run by docker ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --graph=/data/docker -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID TimeoutSec=0 RestartSec=2 Restart=always # Note that StartLimit* options were moved from "Service" to "Unit" in systemd 229. # Both the old, and new location are accepted by systemd 229 and up, so using the old location # to make them work for either version of systemd. StartLimitBurst=3 # Note that StartLimitInterval was renamed to StartLimitIntervalSec in systemd 230. # Both the old, and new name are accepted by systemd 230 and up, so using the old name to make # this option work for either version of systemd. StartLimitInterval=60s # Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead # in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting. LimitNOFILE=infinity LimitNPROC=infinity LimitCORE=infinity # Comment TasksMax if your systemd version does not support it. # Only systemd 226 and above support this option. TasksMax=infinity # set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers Delegate=yes # kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup KillMode=process OOMScoreAdjust=-500 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` `启动重要的参数：/usr/bin/dockerd --graph=/data/docker -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock` ### 启动docker容器 ```bash #重新加载配置文件 systemctl daemon-reload #启动 systemctl start docker #设置开机启动 systemctl enable docker.service #查看docker服务状态 systemctl status docker #查看docker版本 docker -v #查看docker容器里的镜像 docker images #查看容器数据文件存储路径 docker info |grep "Docker Root" ``` ### 镜像导入 ```bash [root@ncayu docker-images]# docker load -i minio-latest.tar [root@ncayu docker-images]# docker load -i mysql-5.7.tar [root@ncayu docker-images]# docker load -i redis-6.2.3.tar ``` ### docker进程展示 ## 安装docker-compose1.25.0 ```bash curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose # 添加可执行权限 sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose # 添加快捷启动连接 sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose # 测试安装结果 docker-compose --version ```