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[TOC] # 一对多关联 根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师 ## 一、创建表和数据 一对一关联查询中,已经创建了班级表和教师表,因此这里再创建一张学生表。 ~~~ CREATE TABLE student( s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, s_name VARCHAR(20), class_id INT ); INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_A', 1); INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_B', 1); INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_C', 1); INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_D', 2); INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_E', 2); INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_F', 2); ~~~ ## 二、定义实体类 1、Student类 ~~~ package com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity; /** * 定义student表所对应的实体类 * * @author CUI * */ public class Student { // 定义属性,和student表中的字段对应 private int id; // id===>s_id private String name; // name===>s_name public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]"; } } ~~~ 2、修改Classes类,添加一个List<Student> students属性,使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生,如下: ~~~ package com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity; import java.util.List; /** * 定义class表对应的实体类 * * @author CUI * */ public class Classes { // 定义实体类的属性,与class表中的字段对应 private int id; // id===>c_id private String name; // name===>c_name /** * class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性, * 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的 */ private Teacher teacher; // 使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生 private List<Student> students; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Teacher getTeacher() { return teacher; } public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) { this.teacher = teacher; } public List<Student> getStudents() { return students; } public void setStudents(List<Student> students) { this.students = students; } @Override public String toString() { return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher + ", students=" + students + "]"; } } ~~~ ## 三、修改 sql 映射的 ClassMapper 接口 添加如下方法: ~~~ package com.ntqingniao.mybatis.mapping; import com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.*; public interface ClassMapper { /** * 方式一:嵌套结果(根据班级id查询班级信息 ) * * @param id * @return */ public Classes getClass(int id); /** * 方式二:嵌套查询(根据班级id查询班级信息 ) * * @param id * @return */ public Classes getClass2(int id); /** * 方式一:嵌套结果(根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师 ) * @param id * @return */ public Classes getClass3(int id); /** * 方式二:嵌套查询(根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师 ) * @param id * @return */ public Classes getClass4(int id); } ~~~ ## 四、修改 sql 映射文件 classMapper.xml 添加如下的 SQL 映射信息: ~~~ <!-- 根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师 --> <!-- 方式一: 嵌套结果: 使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集 SELECT * FROM class c, teacher t,student s WHERE c.teacher_id=t.t_id AND c.C_id=s.class_id AND c.c_id=1 --> <select id="getClass3" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap3"> select * from class c, teacher t,student s where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.C_id=s.class_id and c.c_id=#{id} </select> <resultMap type="com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Classes" id="ClassResultMap3"> <id property="id" column="c_id"/> <result property="name" column="c_name"/> <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Teacher"> <id property="id" column="t_id"/> <result property="name" column="t_name"/> </association> <!-- ofType指定students集合中的对象类型 --> <collection property="students" ofType="com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Student"> <id property="id" column="s_id"/> <result property="name" column="s_name"/> </collection> </resultMap> <!-- 方式二:嵌套查询:通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型 SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=1; SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=1 //1 是上一个查询得到的teacher_id的值 SELECT * FROM student WHERE class_id=1 //1是第一个查询得到的c_id字段的值 --> <select id="getClass4" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap4"> select * from class where c_id=#{id} </select> <resultMap type="com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Classes" id="ClassResultMap4"> <id property="id" column="c_id"/> <result property="name" column="c_name"/> <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Teacher" select="getTeacher2"></association> <collection property="students" ofType="com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Student" column="c_id" select="getStudent"></collection> </resultMap> <select id="getTeacher2" parameterType="int" resultType="com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Teacher"> SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id} </select> <select id="getStudent" parameterType="int" resultType="com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Student"> SELECT s_id id, s_name name FROM student WHERE class_id=#{id} </select> ~~~ ## 五、编写测试代码 ~~~ package com.ntqingniao.mybatis.test; import java.io.InputStream; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import com.ntqingniao.mybatis.entity.Classes; import com.ntqingniao.mybatis.mapping.ClassMapper; public class Test3 { public static void main(String[] args) { // mybatis的配置文件 String resource = "conf.xml"; // 使用类加载器加载mybatis的配置文件(它也加载关联的映射文件) InputStream is = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream( resource); // 构建sqlSession的工厂 SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder() .build(is); // 使用MyBatis提供的Resources类加载mybatis的配置文件(它也加载关联的映射文件) // Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader(resource); // 构建sqlSession的工厂 // SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new // SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader); // 创建能执行映射文件中sql的sqlSession SqlSession session = sessionFactory.openSession(); // 通过getMapper()方法获取ClassMapper接口 ClassMapper classMapper = session.getMapper(ClassMapper.class); Classes classes = new Classes(); /** 根据id,查询用户信息 **/ // 查询class表中id为1的记录,执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes返回 classes = classMapper.getClass3(1); // 打印结果:Classes [id=1, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=1, name=teacher1], students=[Student [id=1, name=student_A], Student [id=2, name=student_B], Student [id=3, name=student_C]]] System.out.println(classes); /** 根据id,查询用户信息 **/ // 查询class表中id为1的记录 classes = classMapper.getClass4(1); // 打印结果:Classes [id=1, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=1, name=teacher1], students=[Student [id=1, name=student_A], Student [id=2, name=student_B], Student [id=3, name=student_C]]] System.out.println(classes); // 使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession session.close(); } } ~~~ ## 六、一对多关联查询总结 MyBatis 中使用 collection 标签来解决一对多的关联查询,ofType 属性指定集合中元素的对象类型。