## 项目结构
创建项目`Pcrojet_0104`，最终结构如下：
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/01.png)
## [](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/01-04.md#源码)源码
### [](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/01-04.md#applicationcontextxml)applicationContext.xml
~~~
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
</beans>
~~~
该配置文件什么都没做。
### [](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/01-04.md#dispatcher-servletxml)dispatcher-servlet.xml
~~~
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="me.letiantian.controller" />
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"/>
<bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="index">indexController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
p:suffix=".jsp" />
<bean name="indexController"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController"
p:viewName="index" />
</beans>
~~~
`<beans>`中增加了属性`xmlns:context`、`xmlns:mvc`，对应的在`xsi:schemaLocation`增加了:
~~~
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
~~~
关于`<mvc:annotation-driven/>`的意义，可参考[What's the difference between and in servlet?](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3977973/whats-the-difference-between-mvcannotation-driven-and-contextannotation)。
### [](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/01-04.md#webxml)web.xml
~~~
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>
30
</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>redirect.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
~~~
### [](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/01-04.md#模板文件)模板文件
**index.jsp：**
~~~
<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Welcome to Spring Web MVC project</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Hello! This is the default welcome page for a Spring Web MVC project.</p>
<p><i>To display a different welcome page for this project, modify</i>
<tt>index.jsp</tt> <i>, or create your own welcome page then change
the redirection in</i> <tt>redirect.jsp</tt> <i>to point to the new
welcome page and also update the welcome-file setting in</i>
<tt>web.xml</tt>.</p>
</body>
</html>
~~~
**hello/method01.jsp：**
~~~
<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>JSP Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Method01</h1>
</body>
</html>
~~~
**hello/method04.jsp：**
~~~
<%@page contentType="text/plain" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
name: ${name}
~~~
### [](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/01-04.md#hellocontrollerjava)HelloController.java
~~~
package me.letiantian.controller;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController{
@RequestMapping(value = "")
public String index() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/method01")
public String method01() {
return "hello/method01";
}
// 仅支持HTTP POST方法
@RequestMapping(value = "/method02", method = {RequestMethod.POST})
public String method02() {
return "hello/method01";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/method03")
public void method03(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
response.setContentType("text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
try (PrintWriter out = response.getWriter()) {
out.println("contextPath: " + request.getContextPath());
out.println("name: " + request.getParameter("name"));
} catch (Exception ex) {
System.out.println(""+ex.getMessage());
}
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/method04/{name}")
public String method04(@PathVariable String name, Model model) {
model.addAttribute("name", name);
return "hello/method04";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/method05/{id}")
public String method05(@PathVariable int id, Model model) {
model.addAttribute("name", id);
return "hello/method04";
}
}
~~~
## [](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/01-04.md#测试)测试
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/02.png)
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/03.png)
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/04.png)
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/05.png)
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/06.png)
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/07.png)
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/08.png)
[](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/img/01-04/09.png)
## [](https://github.com/someus/another-tutorial-about-java-web/blob/master/01-04.md#其他)其他
**如何让一个方法映射多个URL？**
很简单，例如`@RequestMapping(value = {"/hello", "/hi"})`。可参考[Spring MVC: Mapping Multiple URLs to Same Controller](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3898442/spring-mvc-mapping-multiple-urls-to-same-controller)。
**如何自定义错误页面？**
[Spring MVC : How To Return Custom 404 Error Pages](http://www.javabeat.net/spring-mvc-404-error-page/)
[Spring MVC Exception Handling Example](http://www.mkyong.com/spring-mvc/spring-mvc-exception-handling-example/)
[Exception Handling in Spring MVC](https://spring.io/blog/2013/11/01/exception-handling-in-spring-mvc)
**@PathVariable是绑定数据的其中一种方法，还有绑定Cookie中数据，将表单数据绑定到对象中等方法：**
[Spring MVC Cookie example](http://viralpatel.net/blogs/spring-mvc-cookie-example/)
[Injecting and Binding Objects to Spring MVC Controllers](http://www.cnblogs.com/davidwang456/p/4019595.html)
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