Linux挂载磁盘 · k8s原理与实践

[TOC] # 添加磁盘添加加新硬盘重启服务器添加完之后就可以重启机器了，如果你机器是开启的，进入系统并不能看见你刚添加的那块磁盘，只有等系统重启，重新加载之后才会显示安装的那块磁盘 # root账号登录系统 # 查看硬盘 ``` fdisk -l //磁盘命令 ``` ``` Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000c4cb5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xd0f5c869 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 ``` 可以看到这台机器加载了三个磁盘sda、sdb、sdc 其中sda是初始磁盘，sdb已经初始化且经过使用，sdc是刚刚加载的，未格式化的新磁盘 # 创建新硬盘分区 ``` [root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc #进入磁盘 Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x45a3cadb. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag #设定可启动标记 b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition #删除一个分区 l list known partition types #各分区类型所对应的ID m print this menu #菜单 n add a new partition #添加一个分区 o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table #显示该磁盘下的当前分区信息 q quit without saving changes #不保存退出 s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit #保存退出 x extra functionality (experts only) ``` ## 分区 ``` Command (m for help): p //打印分区信息,可以看到当前并没有分区 Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x45a3cadb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help): n //创建一个新的分区 Command action e extended//输入e为创建扩展分区 p primary partition (1-4) //输入p为创建逻辑分区 p Partition number (1-4): 1//划分逻辑分区 First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): //我这里直接回车,是不想把该磁盘分成多个分区,把整个磁盘作为1个分区 Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): Using default value 2610 Command (m for help): p //再次查看可以看到该磁盘已经有1个分区了 Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x45a3cadb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): w //保存分区 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. ``` ## `fdisk -l` 查看磁盘信息 ``` Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x406a4c58 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux ``` 第三块磁盘/dev/sdc已经分区 # 格式化分区 ``` \[root@localhost ~\]\# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1 //将/dev/sdc1格式化为ext3类型 ``` ``` [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 文件系统标签= 操作系统:Linux 块大小=4096 (log=2) 分块大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks 262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一个数据块=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 160 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000 正在写入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. ``` # `mount`挂载分区 ``` [root@localhost ~]# df -h //此时只有sda1和sdb1两个磁盘挂载 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 15G 1.5G 92% / tmpfs 932M 76K 932M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot /dev/sdb1 20G 1.2G 18G 7% /disk/diskone /dev/sr0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final [root@localhost /]# cd /disk/ [root@localhost disk]# ll 总用量 4 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月 28 17:04 diskone [root@localhost disk]# cd diskone/ [root@localhost diskone]# ll 总用量 20 drwx------. 2 root root 16384 7月 28 16:12 lost+found drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 7月 28 17:09 software [root@localhost diskone]# cd ../ [root@localhost disk]# mkdir disktwo //创建被挂载的路径 [root@localhost disk]# ll 总用量 8 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月 28 17:04 diskone drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 8月 1 16:48 disktwo [root@localhost disk]# mount /dev/sdc1 /disk/disktwo/ //进行挂载 [root@localhost disk]# df -h //再次查看,发现sdc1已经挂载在/disk/disktwo路径下 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 15G 1.5G 92% / tmpfs 932M 76K 932M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot /dev/sdb1 20G 1.2G 18G 7% /disk/diskone /dev/sr0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final /dev/sdc1 20G 173M 19G 1% /disk/disktwo ``` # 开机自动挂载编辑/etc/fstab文件，再最后面添加 /dev/sdc1(磁盘分区) /disk/disktwo（挂载目录） ext3（文件格式）defaults 0 0 ``` vi /etc/fstab /dev/sdc1(磁盘分区) /disk/disktwo（挂载目录） ext3（文件格式）defaults 0 0 ``` > 来源 https://blog.csdn.net/weishujie000/article/details/76531924