创建按钮有好几种方法。你可以用 gtk_button_new_with_label() 或 gtk_button_new_with_mnemonic() 来创建一个带标签的按钮，用 gtk_button_new_from_stock() 来从一个原料(stock)项创建一个包含图像和文本的按钮，或者用 gtk_button_new() 创建一个空白按钮。接着你可以决定把一个标签或位图(pixmap)组装到这个新创建的按钮里。要这样做，创建一个新的盒，然后用常见的 gtk_box_pack_start() 把你的对象组装到盒里，再gtk_container_add() 把盒组装到按钮里。
### 下面是演示用函数gtk_button_new()去创建一个带图像和标签的按钮控件。
~~~
/*File:Normal_Button.c
*Date:2013-12-03
*Author:sjin
*Mail:413977243@qq.com
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/*创建一个横向盒，它包含一个图像和一个标签，并非你会这个盒子*/
GtkWidget *xpm_label_box(gchar *xpm_filename,gchar *label_text)
{
GtkWidget *box;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *image;
/*为图像和标签创建盒*/
box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),2);
/*创建一个图像*/
image = gtk_image_new_from_file(xpm_filename);
/*为按钮创建一个标签*/
label = gtk_label_new(label_text);
/*图像和按钮组装到盒子里*/
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),image,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_widget_show(image);
gtk_widget_show(label);
return box;
}
/*回调函数
*传到这个函数的数据将呗打印到标准输出
* */
void callback(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
{
g_print("Hello again -%s was pressed\n",(char *) data);
}
/*退出回调函数*/
gint delete_event(GtkWidget *widget,GdkEvent *event,gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit();
return FALSE;
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *box;
/*初始化*/
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
/*创建窗口*/
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/*这个一般必要有delete_event信号到主窗口*/
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(delete_event),NULL);
/*设置窗口宽度*/
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),80);
/*设置窗口标题*/
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"普通按钮练习");
button = gtk_button_new();
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(callback),(gpointer)"cool button");
box = xpm_label_box("info.xpm","cool button");
gtk_widget_show(box);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),box);
gtk_widget_show(button);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),button);
gtk_widget_show(window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
}
~~~
运行程序显示下面的图像：
### 按钮构件有如下信号：
• pressed --- 当鼠标键在按钮构件里按下时发出
• released --- 当鼠标键在按钮构件里释放时发出
• clicked --- 当鼠标键在按钮构件里按下并接着在按钮构件里释放时发出
• enter --- 当鼠标光标进入按钮构件时发出
• leave --- 当鼠标光标离开按钮构件时发出
### 开关、复选按钮
###
~~~
/*File:Toggle_button.c
*Date:2013-12-07
*Author:sjin
*Mail:413977243@qq.com
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/*开关按钮：
* 由一般按钮派生而来，只是开关按钮只有两个状态，通过点击
* 可以切换。
* 开关按钮是复选按钮和单选按钮的基础，所以单选按钮和复选按钮继承了
* 许多开关按钮的函数调用
*/
GtkWidget *button1;
GtkWidget *button2;
/*回调函数
*传到这个函数的数据将呗打印到标准输出
* */
void Toggle_Button_callback(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
{
if(gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(widget))){
g_print(" 按钮被按下\n");
}else{
g_print("按钮是弹起的\n",(char *) data);
}
}
void callback(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
{
if(gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button1))){
g_print(" 数学被选中\n");
}else{
g_print("nothing\n");
}
if(gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button2))){
g_print(" 语文被选中\n");
}else{
g_print("nothing\n");
}
}
/*退出回调函数*/
gint delete_event(GtkWidget *widget,GdkEvent *event,gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit();
return FALSE;
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *box;
/*初始化*/
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
/*创建窗口*/
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/*这个一般必要有delete_event信号到主窗口*/
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(delete_event),NULL);
/*设置窗口宽度*/
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);
/*设置窗口标题*/
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"开关按钮练习");
/*创建一个组装盒子*/
box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
/*设置一个开关按钮*/
button = gtk_toggle_button_new_with_label("打开");
/*设置按钮的状态，默认为弹起 FALSE .*/
gtk_toggle_button_set_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button),FALSE);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(Toggle_Button_callback),(gpointer)"cool button");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,TRUE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(button);
/*********设置复选按钮********/
button1 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("数学");
gtk_toggle_button_set_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button1),TRUE);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,TRUE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(button1);
button2 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("语文");
gtk_toggle_button_set_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button2),TRUE);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,TRUE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(button2);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label("OK");
gtk_toggle_button_set_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button),TRUE);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,TRUE,TRUE,0);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(callback),NULL);
gtk_widget_show(button);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);
gtk_widget_show(box);
gtk_widget_show(window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
}
~~~
### 单选按钮
###
~~~
/*File:Radio_Button.c
*Date:2013-12-03
*Author:sjin
*Mail:413977243@qq.com
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/*创建单选按钮，点击close 回输出那个单选按钮被点击
* 单选按钮是分组的，一个组中只能有一个对象被选中、按下
*当应用程序中，要从多个选项中选中一个时用到
*/
enum Subject{
SHUXVE,
YUWEN,
YINGYU
};
GtkWidget *button1;//语文
GtkWidget *button2;//数学
GtkWidget *button3;//英语
void Radio_Button_callback(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data)
{
if(gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button1))){
g_print("语文被点击\n");
}
if(gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button2))){
g_print("数学被点击\n");
}
if(gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button3))){
g_print("英语被点击\n");
}
}
/*回调函数
*传到这个函数的数据将呗打印到标准输出
* */
void callback(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
{
g_print("Hello again -%s was pressed\n",(char *) data);
}
/*退出回调函数*/
gint delete_event(GtkWidget *widget,GdkEvent *event,gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit();
return FALSE;
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *box1;
GtkWidget *box2;
GtkWidget *separator;
GSList *group;
/*初始化*/
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
/*创建窗口*/
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/*这个一般必要有delete_event信号到主窗口*/
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(delete_event),NULL);
/*设置窗口宽度*/
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),0);
/*设置窗口标题*/
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"单选按钮练习");
box1 = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box1);
gtk_widget_show(box1);
box2 = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,10);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box2),10);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),box2,TRUE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(box2);
button1 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(NULL,"语文");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box2),button1,TRUE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(button1);
group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(button1));
button2 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,"数学");
/*默认是选择这个*/
gtk_toggle_button_set_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button2),TRUE);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box2),button2,TRUE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(button2);
button3 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label_from_widget(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(button2),"英语");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box2),button3,TRUE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(button3);
/*分割线*/
separator = gtk_hseparator_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),separator,FALSE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(separator);
box2 = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,10);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box2),10);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),box2,FALSE,TRUE,0);
gtk_widget_show(box2);
/*退出按钮*/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label("close");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(Radio_Button_callback),(gpointer)"cool button");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box2),button,TRUE,TRUE,0);
GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS(button,GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);
gtk_widget_grab_default(button);
gtk_widget_show(button);
gtk_widget_show(window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
}
~~~
