### 标签 Labels 标签(Labels)是 GTK 中最常用的构件，实际上它很简单。因为没有相关联的 X 窗口，标签不能引发信号。如果需要获取或引发信号，可以将它放在一个事件盒中，或放在按钮构件里面。 下面是Labels的使用一个实例，点击按钮，可以打印原来标签的内容，并设置新的内容，具体代码如下：  ~~~ /*File:label.c *Date:2013-12-13 *Author:sjin *Mail:413977243@qq.com */ #include<gtk/gtk.h> GtkWidget *label1; void callBack(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data) { printf("label1 = %s\n",gtk_label_get_text(GTK_LABEL(label1))); gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label1),(char*)data); sleep(1); gtk_main_quit(); } int main(int argc, char*argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *box; GtkWidget *label2; GtkWidget *label3; GtkWidget *label4; GtkWidget *frame1; GtkWidget *frame2; GtkWidget *frame3; GtkWidget *frame4; GtkWidget *button; gchar *title ; //初始化GTK gtk_init(&argc,&argv); //创建最上层主窗口 window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); //连接信号"delete_event",使得窗口关闭时发生 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); //设置窗口标题 gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"多种样式的标签"); //设定窗口的默认宽高 //gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),200,300); //设定窗口的位置,让窗口总在最前端 gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); //设定容器边框的宽度 gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20); //创建盒子 box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); //创建框架1 frame1 = gtk_frame_new("标签一"); label1 = gtk_label_new("这是第一个标签，居左边的。This is the first label."); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame1),label1); /*void gtk_label_set_justify(GtkLabel *label, GtkJustification jtype); * jtype 值：GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT :左对齐 * GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT:右对齐 * GTK_JUSTIFY_CENTER:居中对齐（默认 ） * GTK_JUSTIFY_FILL:充满 */ gtk_label_set_justify(GTK_LABEL(label1),GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame1,FALSE,FALSE,5); frame2 = gtk_frame_new("标签二"); label2 = gtk_label_new("这是第二个标签，它是多行的。\n这还是第二个标签的内容，它是居右边的。"); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame2),label2); gtk_label_set_justify(GTK_LABEL(label2),GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT); //设置下划线 gtk_label_set_pattern(GTK_LABEL(label2),"__ __ __ "); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame2,FALSE,FALSE,5); frame3 = gtk_frame_new("标签三"); label3 = gtk_label_new(NULL); //标记语言形式 title = "<span foreground=\"red\"><big><i>这是第三个标签。\n它被格式化成红色了，并且字体也大了。</i></big></span>"; gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame3),label3); gtk_label_set_markup(GTK_LABEL(label3),title); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame3,FALSE,FALSE,5); frame4 = gtk_frame_new("标签四"); label4 = gtk_label_new("这也是一个多行标签，它的换行方式和上一个有所不同，主要是编辑手段不一样了，请仔细查看一下源码就会明白怎么回事了。"); gtk_label_set_justify(GTK_LABEL(label1),GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT); //自动换行函数 gtk_label_set_line_wrap(GTK_LABEL(label4),TRUE); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame4),label4); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame4,FALSE,FALSE,5); button = gtk_button_new_with_label("set label1"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,FALSE,FALSE,5); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(callBack),"set label1 111"); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),button); gtk_widget_show(button); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; } ~~~ 运行结果：  ### 箭头 Arrows 箭头构件(Arrow widget)画一个箭头，面向几种不同的方向，并有几种不同的风格。在许多应用程序中，常用于创建带箭头的按钮。和标签构件一样，它不能引发信号。下面是一个简单的示例： ~~~ /*File:arrow.c *Date:2013-12-15 *Author:sjin *Mail:413977243@qq.com * */ #include<gtk/gtk.h> //创建自己按钮的函数 GtkWidget * create_arrow_button(GtkArrowType arrowtype, GtkShadowType shadowtype ) { GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *arrow; button = gtk_button_new(); /*void gtk_arrow_new(GtkArrowType arrow_type,GtkShadowType shadow_type); * 创建箭头， * arrow_type：箭头方向； * GTK_ARROW_UP:向上 * GTK_ARROW_DOWN:向下 * GTK_ARROW_LEFT:向左 * GTK_ARROW_RIGHT:向右 * shadow_type：箭头阴影类型 * GTK_SHADOW_IN: * GTK_SHADOW_OUT(): * GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_IN: * GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT: * */ arrow = gtk_arrow_new(arrowtype,shadowtype); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),arrow); gtk_widget_show(arrow); return button; } void callBack(GtkWidget *widget,gchar *data) { printf("### %s is press\n",(char *)data); } //主函数 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *box; GtkWidget *arrow1; GtkWidget *arrow2; GtkWidget *arrow3; GtkWidget *arrow4; gchar *title = "方向按钮"; //初始化GTK gtk_init(&argc,&argv); //创建最上层主窗口 window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); //连接信号"delete_event",使得窗口关闭时发生 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); //设置窗口标题 gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title); //设定窗口的默认宽高 //gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),200,300); //设定窗口的位置,让窗口总在最前端 gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); //设定容器边框的宽度 gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20); //创建盒子 box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); gtk_widget_show(box); //创建带箭头的按钮，调用自定义的函数 arrow1 = create_arrow_button(GTK_ARROW_LEFT,GTK_SHADOW_IN); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(arrow1),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(callBack),"向左"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),arrow1,FALSE,FALSE,13); gtk_widget_show(arrow1); arrow2 = create_arrow_button(GTK_ARROW_UP,GTK_SHADOW_OUT); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(arrow2),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(callBack),"向上"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),arrow2,FALSE,FALSE,13); gtk_widget_show(arrow2); arrow3 = create_arrow_button(GTK_ARROW_DOWN,GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_IN); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(arrow3),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(callBack),"向下"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),arrow3,FALSE,FALSE,13); gtk_widget_show(arrow3); arrow4 = create_arrow_button(GTK_ARROW_RIGHT,GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(arrow4),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(callBack),"向右"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),arrow4,FALSE,FALSE,13); gtk_widget_show(arrow4); gtk_widget_show(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; } ~~~  ### Tooltips： 工具提示对象(Tooltips)就是当鼠标指针移到按钮或其它构件上并停留几秒时，弹出的文本串。 工具提示对象很容易使用。具体看下面的示例。 ~~~ /*File:tooltip.c *Date:2013-12-15 *Author:sjin *Mail:413977243@qq.com */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> GtkTooltips *tooltips; int ch = 0; void callback(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data) { //禁用已经激活的工具提示 if(ch){ gtk_tooltips_disable(tooltips); printf("0000\n"); ch = 0; }else{ ch = 1; printf("1111\n"); gtk_tooltips_enable(tooltips); } } int main(int argc, char*argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; //初始化GTK gtk_init(&argc,&argv); //创建最上层主窗口 window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); //连接信号"delete_event",使得窗口关闭时发生 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); //设置窗口标题 gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"工具提示对象"); //设定窗口的默认宽高 //gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),200,300); //设定窗口的位置,让窗口总在最前端 gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); //设定容器边框的宽度 gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20); //创建按钮 button = gtk_button_new_with_label("关闭工具提示"); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),button); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(callback),NULL); gtk_widget_show(button); //创建工具提示 tooltips = gtk_tooltips_new(); gtk_tooltips_set_tip(tooltips,button,"这是一个工具提示按钮",NULL); gtk_tooltips_disable(tooltips); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; } ~~~ ### 进度条 Progress Bars 进度条用于显示正在进行的操作的状态。 ~~~ #include <gtk/gtk.h> typedef struct _ProgressData { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *pbar; int timer; gboolean activity_mode; }ProgressData; /* 更新进度条，这样就能够看到进度条的移动 */ gint progress_timeout( gpointer data ) { ProgressData *pdata =(ProgressData *)data; gdouble new_val; if (pdata->activity_mode) gtk_progress_bar_pulse (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)); else { /* 使用在调整对象中设置的取值范围计算进度条的值 */ new_val =gtk_progress_bar_get_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)) + 0.01; if (new_val >1.0) new_val =0.0; /* 设置进度条的新值 */ gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), new_val); } /* 这是一个 timeout 函数，返回 TRUE，这样它就能够继续被调用 */ return TRUE; } /* 回调函数，切换在进度条你的滑槽上的文本显示 */ void toggle_show_text( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata ) { const gchar *text; text =gtk_progress_bar_get_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)); if (text && *text) gtk_progress_bar_set_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), ""); else gtk_progress_bar_set_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), "some text"); } /* 回调函数，切换进度条的活动模式 */ void toggle_activity_mode( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata ) { pdata->activity_mode = !pdata->activity_mode; if (pdata->activity_mode) gtk_progress_bar_pulse (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)); else /**/ gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), 0.0); } /* 回调函数，切换进度条的移动方向 */ void toggle_orientation( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata ) { /*获得滚动条的移动方向*/ switch (gtk_progress_bar_get_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar))) { case GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT: /*设置滚动条移动方向*/ gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), GTK_PROGRESS_RIGHT_TO_LEFT); break; case GTK_PROGRESS_RIGHT_TO_LEFT: gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT); break; default: break; // 什么也不做 } } /* 清除分配的内存，删除定时器(timer) */ void destroy_progress( GtkWidget *widget,ProgressData *pdata) { gtk_timeout_remove (pdata->timer); pdata->timer =0; pdata->window =NULL; g_free (pdata); gtk_main_quit (); } int main( int argc,char *argv[]) { ProgressData *pdata; GtkWidget *align; GtkWidget *separator; GtkWidget *table; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *check; GtkWidget *vbox; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 为传递到回调函数中的数据分配内存 */ pdata =g_malloc (sizeof (ProgressData)); pdata->window =gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_resizable (GTK_WINDOW (pdata->window), TRUE); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (pdata->window), "destroy",G_CALLBACK (destroy_progress),pdata); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (pdata->window), "进度条练习"); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (pdata->window), 0); vbox =gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 10); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (pdata->window), vbox); gtk_widget_show (vbox); /* 创建一个居中对齐的对象 */ align =gtk_alignment_new (0.5, 0.5, 0, 0); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(vbox), align, FALSE, FALSE, 5); gtk_widget_show (align); /* 创建进度条 */ pdata->pbar =gtk_progress_bar_new (); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (align), pdata->pbar); gtk_widget_show (pdata->pbar); /* 加一个定时器(timer)，以更新进度条的值 */ pdata->timer =gtk_timeout_add (100, progress_timeout, pdata); separator =gtk_hseparator_new (); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(vbox), separator, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show (separator); /* 行数、列数、同质性(homogeneous) */ table =gtk_table_new (2, 2, FALSE); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(vbox), table, FALSE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (table); /* 添加一个复选按钮，以选择是否显示在滑槽里的文本 */ check =gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Show text"); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 0, 1,GTK_EXPAND |GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND |GTK_FILL,5, 5); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (toggle_show_text),pdata); gtk_widget_show (check); /* 添加一个复选按钮，切换活动状态 */ check =gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Activity mode"); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 1, 2,GTK_EXPAND |GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND |GTK_FILL,5, 5); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (toggle_activity_mode),pdata); gtk_widget_show (check); /* 添加一个复选按钮，切换移动方向 */ check =gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Right to Left"); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 2, 3,GTK_EXPAND |GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND |GTK_FILL,5, 5); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (toggle_orientation),pdata); gtk_widget_show (check); /* 添加一个按钮，用来退出应用程序 */ button =gtk_button_new_with_label ("close"); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy),pdata->window); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0); /* 将按钮设置为能缺省的构件 */ GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT); /* 将缺省焦点设置到这个按钮上，使之成为缺省按钮，只要按回车键 * 就相当于点击了这个按钮 */ //译者注： 能缺省的构件在获取焦点后成为缺省构件,用户按方向键等可以切换焦点。 gtk_widget_grab_default (button); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (pdata->window); gtk_main (); return 0; } ~~~ 运行如下：  参考 资料：   [http://guoyinghui2012.blog.163.com/blog/static/20871720020126294943228/](http://guoyinghui2012.blog.163.com/blog/static/20871720020126294943228/)