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_Give it some time, everything will be okay. -- 《那些年我们疯狂的青春/青春洋溢色彩/This Youth is Crazy》_ ## 4.3.1 模拟的业务场景 假设我们需要为“奔跑吧兄弟”综艺节目开发一套手机App的投票接口,以供用户在观看电视的同时,可以进行投票活动参与互动。 下面将以此模拟的业务场景,提供一个接口开发实战的过程。 ## 4.3.2 源代码下载 [PhalApi-Demo-Vote](http://git.oschina.net/dogstar/PhalApi-Demo-Vote) ## 4.3.3 接口总列表 以下是我们根据业务需求整理出来的接口: + 1、用户可以通过微信、QQ、新浪微博等渠道进行第三方登录 + 2、用户可以创建团队进行参赛,但队名不能重复 + 3、用户可以对已参赛的团队进行投票,且每个用户每天投票最多不能超过3次,支持可配置 + 4、获取已参赛团队的得票排行榜 ## 4.3.4 主要涉及技术功能点 + 1、使用User扩展类库实现第三方登录操作 + 2、使用缓存存放用户每天投票的次数(为方便起见,使用文件缓存,不落地) + 3、对接口进行签名验证(为方便起见,固定sign签名) + 4、数据库的基本操作 + 5、自动化脚本的使用 ## 4.3.4 快速开发流程 (题外音:整个示例的开发,我个人在单元测试驱动开发下,只用了两个多小时,其中还包括对模板场景的业务构思、建表、编写单元测试代码等)。 ###(1)创建项目和部署环境 把PhalApi最新的框架代码下载后,并将User扩展类库按文档说明配置后,将项目部署到了以下接口域名: ``` http://api.vote.phalapi.com ``` 测试一下: ```javascript http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi //返回 { "ret": 200, "data": { "title": "Hello World!", "content": "PHPer您好,欢迎使用PhalApi!", "version": "1.1.4", "time": 1431796924 }, "msg": "" } ``` Good! 下面是简明的开发过程。 ###(2)单元测试驱动开发 在定好接口后: ```javascript <?php class Api_Act extends PhalApi_Api { public function joinIn() { } public function showList() { } public function vote() { } } ``` 便可使用脚本,快速生成单元测试的骨架代码: ```javascript $ cd ./Vote/Tests/Api $ phalapi_buildtests ../../Api/Act.php Api_Act ../test_env.php > Api_Act_Test.php ``` ###(3)快速开发 开发过程此处略,但在单元测试驱动的引导下,很快就产出了以下高质量的代码: ```javascript . ├── Api │   ├── Act.php │   └── Default.php ├── Common │   └── SignFilter.php ├── Domain │   ├── Team.php │   └── Vote.php ├── Model │   ├── Team.php │   ├── UserVoteRecord.php │   └── Vote.php └── Tests ├── Api │   ├── Api_Act_Test.php │   └── Api_Default_Test.php ├── Domain ├── Model ├── phpunit.xml └── test_env.php ``` ###(4)单元测试全部通过了! 为了方便大家查看,已省略了部分的调试内容,但保留了测试过程中全部执行的SQL语句,如下: ```javascript $ phpunit ./Api_Act_Test.php PHPUnit 4.3.4 by Sebastian Bergmann. [1 - 0.06911s]DELETE FROM phalapi_team WHERE (team_name = 'test team name');<br> [2 - 0.06487s]SELECT expires_time FROM phalapi_user_session_1 WHERE (user_id = '1') AND (token = '193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731');<br> [3 - 0.06553s]SELECT COUNT(id) FROM phalapi_team WHERE (team_name = 'test team name');<br> [4 - 0.0653s]INSERT INTO phalapi_team (team_name) VALUES ('test team name');<br> [5 - 0.0699s]SELECT expires_time FROM phalapi_user_session_1 WHERE (user_id = '1') AND (token = '193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731');<br> [6 - 0.06555s]SELECT COUNT(id) FROM phalapi_team WHERE (team_name = 'test team name');<br> [9 - 0.06778s]SELECT expires_time FROM phalapi_user_session_1 WHERE (user_id = '1') AND (token = '193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731');<br> [10 - 0.06603s]SELECT COUNT(id) FROM phalapi_team WHERE (id = 3);<br> [11 - 0.06825s]SELECT vote_num FROM phalapi_vote WHERE (team_id = 3) LIMIT 1;<br> [12 - 0.07374s]UPDATE phalapi_vote SET team_id = 3, vote_num = 22 WHERE (team_id = 3);<br> [13 - 0.07012s]SELECT expires_time FROM phalapi_user_session_1 WHERE (user_id = '1') AND (token = '193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731');<br> [14 - 0.06682s]SELECT COUNT(id) FROM phalapi_team WHERE (id = 3);<br> [15 - 0.07433s]SELECT vote_num FROM phalapi_vote WHERE (team_id = 3) LIMIT 1;<br> [16 - 0.07283s]UPDATE phalapi_vote SET team_id = 3, vote_num = 23 WHERE (team_id = 3);<br> [17 - 0.07307s]SELECT expires_time FROM phalapi_user_session_1 WHERE (user_id = '1') AND (token = '193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731');<br> [18 - 0.07501s]SELECT COUNT(id) FROM phalapi_team WHERE (id = 3);<br> [19 - 0.07135s]SELECT vote_num FROM phalapi_vote WHERE (team_id = 3) LIMIT 1;<br> [20 - 0.07653s]UPDATE phalapi_vote SET team_id = 3, vote_num = 24 WHERE (team_id = 3);<br> [21 - 0.07215s]SELECT expires_time FROM phalapi_user_session_1 WHERE (user_id = '1') AND (token = '193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731');<br> [22 - 0.06722s]SELECT COUNT(id) FROM phalapi_team WHERE (id = 3);<br> [23 - 0.06506s]SELECT expires_time FROM phalapi_user_session_1 WHERE (user_id = '1') AND (token = '193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731');<br> [24 - 0.06732s]SELECT COUNT(id) FROM phalapi_team WHERE (id = 404);<br> Time: 1.97 seconds, Memory: 7.00Mb OK (4 tests, 42 assertions) ``` ###(5)运行效果 - Part 1 在我们通过第三方登录后,我们就可以这样进行接口操作了。 首先,让我们添加两个参赛团队: ```javascript //奔跑吧兄弟(蓝队) http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.JoinIn&team_name=%E5%A5%94%E8%B7%91%E5%90%A7%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F%EF%BC%88%E8%93%9D%E9%98%9F%EF%BC%89&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 { "ret": 200, "data": { "code": 0, "team_id": "5" }, "msg": "" } //奔跑吧兄弟(红队) http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.JoinIn&team_name=%E5%A5%94%E8%B7%91%E5%90%A7%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F%EF%BC%88%E7%BA%A2%E9%98%9F%EF%BC%89&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 { "ret": 200, "data": { "code": 0, "team_id": "6" }, "msg": "" } ``` 然后,让我们进行疯狂地投票: ```javascript //第一次投票 http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.Vote&team_id=5&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 {"ret":200,"data":{"code":0,"vote_num":1},"msg":""} //第二次投票 http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.Vote&team_id=5&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 {"ret":200,"data":{"code":0,"vote_num":2},"msg":""} //第三次投票 http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.Vote&team_id=5&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 {"ret":200,"data":{"code":0,"vote_num":3},"msg":""} //第四次投票 http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.Vote&team_id=5&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 - 注意此返回! {"ret":200,"data":{"code":2,"vote_num":0},"msg":""} ``` 最后,看一下排行榜: ```javascript http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.ShowList&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 { "ret": 200, "data": { "code": 0, "teams": [ { "id": 5, "team_name": "奔跑吧兄弟(蓝队)", "vote_num": 3 }, { "id": 6, "team_name": "奔跑吧兄弟(红队)", "vote_num": 0 } ] }, "msg": "" } ``` 至此,我们已经可以把接口交付给客户端同学使用啦! 当然,我们还需要稍微整理输出WIKI文档~~~ 部分接口返回的结果可能与你实际看到的不一样,因为数据会在变化而且有单元测试的测试数据。 ###(6)运行效果 - Part 2 接口服务,不仅仅需要提供正常的业务功能,还需要考虑到各种客户端使用的情况,包括非法的请求,或者不合的调用,比如防刷票。 这一部分,主要展示接口在各种异常情况下的响应能力。 ####签名失败 ```javascript http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=XXX&service=Act.JoinIn&team_name=%E5%A5%94%E8%B7%91%E5%90%A7%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F%EF%BC%88%E7%BA%A2%E9%98%9F%EF%BC%89&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 { "ret": 400, "data": [ ], "msg": "非法请求:wrong sign" } ``` ####无登录态 ```javascript http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.JoinIn&team_name=%E5%A5%94%E8%B7%91%E5%90%A7%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F%EF%BC%88%E7%BA%A2%E9%98%9F%EF%BC%89&token=XXX&user_id=1 //返回 { "ret": 401, "data": [ ], "msg": "非法请求:user need to login again" } ``` ####重复参赛 ```javascript http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.JoinIn&team_name=%E5%A5%94%E8%B7%91%E5%90%A7%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F%EF%BC%88%E7%BA%A2%E9%98%9F%EF%BC%89&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 { "ret": 200, "data": { "code": 1, "team_id": 0 }, "msg": "" } ``` ####当天投票次数已达最大 ```javascript //第四次投票后 http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.Vote&team_id=5&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 - 注意此返回! { "ret": 200, "data": { "code": 2, "vote_num": 0 }, "msg": "" } ``` ####投票的团队不存在 ```javascript http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/?sign=phalapi&service=Act.Vote&team_id=404&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731&user_id=1 //返回 { "ret": 200, "data": { "code": 1, "vote_num": 0 }, "msg": "" } ``` 在进行上面的非法请求后,我们可以同时关注后台的日志: ```javascript $ tailf ./Runtime/log/201505/20150517.log 2015-05-17 01:35:32|DEBUG|user not login|{"userId":null,"token":null} 2015-05-17 01:36:01|DEBUG|user can not vote today|{"userId":1,"teamId":5} 2015-05-17 01:37:52|DEBUG|user can not vote today|{"userId":1,"teamId":5} 2015-05-17 01:45:25|DEBUG|user need to login again|{"expiresTime":0,"userId":"1","token":"XXX"} 2015-05-17 01:48:13|DEBUG|user can not vote today|{"userId":1,"teamId":5} ``` ###(7)需要的数据库表 以下为关键的表,其他表,可以通过脚本自动生成,然后导入。 ```javascript -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `phalapi_team` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `phalapi_team`; CREATE TABLE `phalapi_team` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `team_name` varchar(100) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '队名', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=18 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of phalapi_team -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `phalapi_team` VALUES ('3', 'egg team'); INSERT INTO `phalapi_team` VALUES ('5', '奔跑吧兄弟(蓝队)'); INSERT INTO `phalapi_team` VALUES ('6', '奔跑吧兄弟(红队)'); INSERT INTO `phalapi_team` VALUES ('17', 'test team name'); INSERT INTO `phalapi_user` VALUES ('1', 'wx_edebc877070133c65161d00799e00544', 'weixinName', '******', '4CHqOhe1Jxi3X9HmRfPOXygDnU267eCA', '1431790647', 'phpunit.png'); INSERT INTO `phalapi_user_login_weixin` VALUES ('1', 'wx_122348561111', 'ASDF', '130000000', '1'); INSERT INTO `phalapi_user_session_1` VALUES ('1', '1', '193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731', '', '1', '1431790647', '1934382647', null); ``` ## 4.3.4 脚本的使用 ###(1)创建项目脚本 - phalapi_buildapp 此脚本可用于快速创建项目,其使用如下: ```javascript $ ./PhalApi/phalapi-buildapp Usage: ./PhalApi/phalapi-buildapp <app> ``` 此脚本会根据Demo示例,快速生成一个新的项目。 ###(2)自动生成单元测试骨架脚本 - phalapi_buildtest 这是一个用来自动生成单元测试骨架的脚本,其使用如下: ```javascript $ phalapi-buildtest Usage: php /usr/bin/phalapi-buildtest <file_path> <class_name> [bootstrap] [author = dogstar] Demo: php ./build_phpunit_test_tpl.php ./Demo.php Demo > Demo_Test.php ``` 然后,我们就可以使用辅助的PhalApiTestRunner::go()进行单元测试: ```javascript public function testShowList() { //Step 1. 构建请求URL $url = 'service=Act.ShowList&sign=phalapi&user_id=1&token=193CE82D1F4588A9A168BDE6E6B83868B1464F523D16C05206F308E51EB91731'; //Step 2. 执行请求 $rs = PhalApiTestRunner::go($url); //var_dump($rs); //Step 3. 验证 $this->assertNotEmpty($rs); $this->assertArrayHasKey('code', $rs); $this->assertArrayHasKey('teams', $rs); $this->assertEquals(0, $rs['code']); $this->assertNotEmpty($rs['teams']); foreach ($rs['teams'] as $team) { $this->assertArrayHasKey('id', $team); $this->assertArrayHasKey('team_name', $team); $this->assertArrayHasKey('vote_num', $team); $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual(0, $team['vote_num']); } } ``` ###(3)自动生成分表建表SQL语句 - phalapi_buildsqls 此脚本用于根据dbs.php配置和./Data/*.sql文件生成完整的建表语句,其使用如下: ```javascript $ ./PhalApi/phalapi-buildsqls Usage: ./PhalApi/phalapi-buildsqls <dbs.php> <table> [engine=InnoDB] ``` 假设我们需要对vote进行分表,拆分成3个表,可以这样配置: ```javascript //$ vim ./Config/dbs.php 'vote' => array( 'prefix' => 'phalapi_', 'key' => 'id', 'map' => array( array('start' => 0, 'end' => 2, 'db' => 'db_vote'), ), ), ``` 然后准备基本的建表语句: ```javascript //$vim ./Data/vote.sql `team_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT '0', `vote_num` int(11) DEFAULT '0', ``` 最后,执行生成脚本: ```javascript $ phalapi-buildsqls ./Config/dbs.php vote /** * DB: phalapi_vote */ CREATE TABLE `phalapi_vote_0` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `team_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT '0', `vote_num` int(11) DEFAULT '0', `ext_data` text COMMENT 'json data here', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `phalapi_vote_1` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `team_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT '0', `vote_num` int(11) DEFAULT '0', `ext_data` text COMMENT 'json data here', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `phalapi_vote_2` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `team_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT '0', `vote_num` int(11) DEFAULT '0', `ext_data` text COMMENT 'json data here', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; ``` ## 4.3.5 在线接口参数查看 可以通过以下链接,在线实时查看接口参数: ```javascript //参赛接口 http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/checkApiParams.php?service=Act.JoinIn //投票接口 http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/checkApiParams.php?service=Act.Vote //排行榜接口 http://api.vote.phalapi.com/vote/checkApiParams.php?service=Act.ShowList ``` 其中,投票接口的参数如下: ![a pic](http://webtools.qiniudn.com/20150517.jpg)