首先下载lxml， [http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/](http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/) ，然后添加引用 fromlxmlimport_elementpathasDONTUSE fromlxmlimportetree 具体示例： **1.添加命名空间** #set namespace nsmap = {"xsi":"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"} g_statisticsRoot = etree.Element("DcmStatistics", nsmap = nsmap) **2.添加xml schema引用** #add xsd reference g_statisticsRoot.set("{http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance}noNamespaceSchemaLocation","DcmStatistics.xsd") **3.添加注释** #add comment， 利用addprevious添加到根节点的前面 comment = etree.Comment("create by jiangong.li") g_statisticsRoot.addprevious(comment) **4.尝试多种编码来解析xml** defdecodingXml(xmlFile):    tree = None    encoding ="utf-8"   while(True):       try:            parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True, encoding=encoding, remove_comments =False)            tree = etree.parse(xmlFile, parser)       exceptExceptionase:           if(encoding !="gb18030"):                encoding ="gb18030"               continue           else:                print("\nPAR XML ERROR, decoding error.")               break       break   returntree **5.遍历xml下的所有子节点，不止直属第一级子节点.iter()** **    for**element**in**root.iter():          element.tail=None **6.遍历xml下的第一级子节点.iterchildren()**   foreinsrcParentNode.iterchildren():       ifeissrcParentNode:           continue        name =""       #statistics node       if  e.tag =="element":            name ="Element"       elife.tag =="sequence":            name ="Sequence"       elife.tag =="item":            name ="Item"       else:            print("\nUnsupported element type: %s\n"%(e.tag))            name = e.tag           # Only parse element/sequence/item           continue      **7.添加子节点到尾部. append()** defgetXmlElement(nodeName, parentNode):   ifparentNode  == None:       raiseException("parent node is None")    nodes = parentNode.xpath('./'+nodeName)   iflen(nodes) == 0:        node = etree.Element(nodeName)        parentNode.append(node)       returnnode   else:       returnnodes[0] **8.格式化成str输出** etree.tostring(g_statisticsRoot, encoding="UTF-8", xml_declaration=True, pretty_print=True, with_comments=True) **9.保存成xml文件**       statisticsResult =  open(g_xmlName,"bw+")        statisticsResult.write(etree.tostring(g_statisticsRoot, encoding="UTF-8", xml_declaration=True, pretty_print=True, with_comments=True))        statisticsResult.flush()        statisticsResult.close()