### 创建 MySQL 数据库及用户 MySQL 是一个使用广泛的数据库服务器，你肯定会在某些节点上安装配置 MySQL 服务器。 本节将向你展示如何安装配置 MySQL 服务器，以及如何为应用程序自动创建数据库和用户。 #### 准备工作 1. 如果你还没有 MySQL 模块，先创建一个： ``` # mkdir /etc/puppet/modules/mysql # mkdir /etc/puppet/modules/manifests # mkdir /etc/puppet/modules/files ``` 2. 使用如下内容创建 /etc/puppet/modules/mysql/manifests/server.pp 文件： ``` class mysql::server { package { "mysql-server": ensure => installed } service { "mysql": enable => true, ensure => running, require => Package["mysql-server"], } file { "/etc/mysql/my.cnf": owner => "mysql", group => "mysql", source => "puppet:///mysql/my.cnf", notify => Service["mysql"], require => Package["mysql-server"], } exec { "set-mysql-password": unless => "/usr/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p${mysql_password} status", command => "/usr/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password ${mysql_ password}", require => Service["mysql"], } } ``` 3. 使用如下内容创建 /etc/puppet/modules/mysql/files/my.cnf 文件： ``` [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 datadir = /var/lib/mysql !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ ``` 4. 添加如下代码到 /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp 文件： ``` $mysql_password = "secret" ``` 5. 运行 Puppet： ``` # puppet agent --test info: Retrieving plugin info: Caching catalog for cookbook.bitfieldconsulting.com info: Applying configuration version '1309448283' notice: /Stage[main]/Mysql::Server/Package[mysql-server]/ensure: ensure changed 'purged' to 'present' notice: /Stage[main]/Mysql::Server/File[/etc/mysql/my.cnf]/owner: owner changed 'root' to 'mysql' notice: /Stage[main]/Mysql::Server/File[/etc/mysql/my.cnf]/group: group changed 'root' to 'mysql' info: /Stage[main]/Mysql::Server/File[/etc/mysql/my.cnf]: Scheduling refresh of Service[mysql] info: /Stage[main]/Mysql::Server/File[/etc/mysql/my.cnf]: Scheduling refresh of Service[mysql] notice: /Stage[main]/Mysql::Server/Service[mysql]/enable: enable changed 'false' to 'true' notice: /Stage[main]/Mysql::Server/Service[mysql]: Triggered 'refresh' from 2 events notice: Finished catalog run in 61.78 seconds ``` #### 操作步骤 1. 添加如下代码到 /etc/puppet/modules/mysql/manifests/server.pp 文件： ``` define db( $user, $password ) { include mysql::server exec { "create-${name}-db": unless => "/usr/bin/mysql -u${user} -p${password}${name}", command => "/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p${mysql_password} -e \"create database ${name}; grant all on ${name}.* to ${user}@localhost identified by '$password'; flush privileges;\"", require => Service["mysql"], } } ``` 2. 添加如下代码到一个节点： ``` mysql::server::db { "johnstest": user => "john", password => "johnstest", } ``` 3. 运行 Puppet： ``` # puppet agent --test info: Retrieving plugin info: Caching catalog for cookbook.bitfieldconsulting.com info: Applying configuration version '1309449259' notice: /Stage[main]//Node[cookbook]/Mysql::Server::Db[johnstest]/ Exec[create-johnstest-db]/returns: executed successfully notice: Finished catalog run in 1.61 seconds ``` 4. 检查数据库是否已经创建，以及用户和权限的正确性： ``` # mysql -ujohn -pjohnstest johnstest Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 36 Server version: 5.1.41-3ubuntu12.10 (Ubuntu) Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> ``` #### 工作原理 mysql::server 类安装 MySQL，并使用你在 site.pp 文件中设置的 root 用户口令配置 MySQL。 名为 mysql::server::db 的 define 允许我们使用一个指定的名字创建数据库， 以及一个能访问此数据库的相关的 MySQL 用户。 例如，一个典型的 web 应用程序可能需要一个以应用程序命名的数据库， 以及一个可以登录数据库的特定用户名。 #### 更多用法 要创建多个数据库，只需添加多个 mysql::server::db 实例： ``` mysql::server::db { [ "test1", "test2", "test3" ]: user => "john", password => "johnstest", } ```