# 只单纯表示条件 if条件状语从句。用if引导条件状语从句，从句为现在时，通常译作”如果·····“ * 从句：一般现在时 * 主句：将来时 ``` If you get up early,you will catch up with the train. ``` if引导的条状状语从句，可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾 ``` If you ask him,he will help you. She will be upset if you fail hte exam.如果你考试失败了她将会很伤心。 ``` # 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气 if从句是一种虚拟的条件或假设，和现在事实相反的。主从句时态具体如下： * 从句：动词过去式（be用were） * 主句：would/could/should/might+动词原形 ``` If I were you,I would join them. She would come with you if you invited her. ``` # 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气 if从句是一种虚拟的条件或假设，和过去事实相反的。主从句时态具体如下： * 从句：had+动词过去分词 * 主句：would/could/should/might+have+动词过去分词 ``` If I had got there eailier,I should have met her.如果我早点到那，我可能就遇到她了。 If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他采纳了我的意见，他可能就不会犯如此的一个错误了。 ``` # wish/as if + 过去/过去完成时 ## wish wish后面的从句，译为：”希望····就好了“，是不可能实现的假设 * 与现在事实相反的愿望 I wish I were as tall as you.（一般过去时）我希望和你一样高就好了。 * 与过去事实相反的愿望 He wished he hadn't said that.（过去完成时）他希望他没有说过那些话就好了。 * 将来不大可能实现的愿望 I wish it would rain tomorrow.（would/should/could） ## as if as if，译为：”看起来好像······“ * 与现在事实相反 You look as if you didn't care.（一般现在时）一看起来好像一点都不在乎。 * 与过去事实相反 He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.（过去完成时）他谈论起罗马看起来好像他以前去过那儿。 * 与将来事实相反 He opened his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴看起来好像他要说些什么。