4. Cobbler 基础配置 · 运维工作笔记

#### 任何修改后，重新同步cobbler配置，配置生效 ```shell cobbler sync ``` #### 导入安装镜像 **挂载光盘** ``` mount -t iso9660 -o loop /tmp/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1611.iso /mnt/ ``` **挂载Centos 6.8光盘镜像到/mnt目录下，导入** ```shell cobbler import --name=Centos-6.8 --path=/mnt/ --arch=x86_64 ``` **挂载Centos 7.3光盘镜像到/mnt目录下，导入** ```shell cobbler import --name=Centos-7.3 --path=/mnt/ --arch=x86_64 ``` **挂载ESXI 5.5光盘镜像到/mnt目录下，导入** ```shell cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=ESXI-5.5.0 --arch=x86_64 ``` #### 查看distro配置 ```shell cobbler distro report ``` #### 定义自动安装的应答文件，文件放到/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/目录下 > Cobbler通过读取该文件，执行相关安装步骤请查看1.5 Cobbler 配置文件 #### 为可用镜像配置默认ks文件 **Centos 6.8** ```shell cobbler profile edit --name=Centos-6.8-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/Centos-6.8-x86_64.cfg ``` **Centos 7.3** ```shell cobbler profile edit --name=Centos-7.3-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/Centos-7.3-x86_64.cfg ``` **ESXI 5.5** ```shell cobbler profile edit --name=ESXI-5.5.0-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/esxi5.5.cfg ``` #### 调整网卡内核参数（标准化，名称统一,关闭IPv6） **Centos 7.3** ```shell cobbler profile edit --name=Centos-7.3-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 noipv6' ``` #### 查看profile配置 ```shell cobbler profile report ``` #### 建立本地yum源 **Centos 6.8** ```shell cobbler repo add --name=Centos-6-x86_64 --mirror=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/os/x86_64/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum --keep-update=Y cobbler repo add --name=Centos-6-epel-x86_64 --mirror=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/6Server/x86_64/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum --keep-update=Y ``` **Centos 7.x** ```shell cobbler repo add --name=Centos-7-x86_64 --mirror=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.4.1708/os/x86_64/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum --keep-update=Y cobbler repo add --name=Centos-7-epel-x86_64 --mirror=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7Server/x86_64/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum --keep-update=Y cobbler repo add --name=zabbix3.0-Centos7 --mirror=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum --keep-update=Y ``` #### 查看repo配置 ```shell cobbler repo report ``` **执行同步任务** ```shell cobbler reposync ``` 错误一例： Exception occured: <class 'cobbler.cexceptions.CX'> Exception value: 'cobbler reposync failed' 解决方法1：把--breed=yum更换为rsync或wget **建立任务计划，每周六同步一次** ```shell echo "0 23 * * 6 /usr/bin/cobbler reposync >> /app/log/cobbler.log 2>&1" >> /var/spool/cron/root ``` **重启Cron** **Centos 6.8** ```shell /etc/init.d/crond restart ``` **Centos 7.3** ```shell systemctl restart crond ``` #### 为镜像配置本队YUM源 **Centos 6.8** ```shell cobbler profile edit --name=Centos-6.8-x86_64 --repos="Centos-6-epel-x86_64 Centos-6.8-x86_64-extras Centos-6.8-x86_64-os Centos-6.8-x86_64-updates Centos-6.8-x86_64-cr Centos-6.8-x86_64-gfs zabbix3.0-Centos6" ``` **Centos 7.3** ```shell cobbler profile edit --name=Centos-7.3-x86_64 --repos="Centos-7.3-x86_64-os Centos-7.3-x86_64-updates Centos-7.3-x86_64-extras Centos-7-epel-x86_64 Centos-7.3-x86_64-cloud-l Centos-7.3-x86_64-gfs zabbix3.0-Centos7" ``` #### 根据MAC地址零交互安装 ** 创建一个新的自定义安装** ```shell cobbler system add --name=odb01.prod.ding --mac=00:0c:29:34:58:f1 --profile=Centos-6.8-x86_64 --ip-address=192.168.0.20 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.0.1 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --hostname=odb01.prod.ding --name-servers="114.114.114.114" ``` #### 修改自定义安装（name不可修改） ```shell cobbler system edit --name=odb01.prod.ding --mac=00:0c:29:34:58:f1 --profile=Centos-6.8-x86_64 --ip-address=192.168.0.20 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.0.1 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --hostname=odb01.prod.ding --name-servers="114.114.114.114" ``` #### 查看system配置 ```shell cobbler system report ``` #### 修改展示页面内容 ```shell [root@Centos-souce kickstarts]# cat /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template DEFAULT menu PROMPT 0 MENU TITLE Cobbler | 系统自动化部署 TIMEOUT 200 TOTALTIMEOUT 6000 ONTIMEOUT $pxe_timeout_profile LABEL local MENU LABEL (local) MENU DEFAULT LOCALBOOT -1 $pxe_menu_items MENU end ``` #### 自动重装系统（注意：客户机配置）问题：虽然可以重装系统，但是不能设置IP、DNS、主机名解决： - 重装时候，生成专门为这台机器使用的一次性系统profile,用完即删 - 将自定义操作交由saltstack或者ansible来做，但是IP地址怎么分配呢？ - 通过dell的IDRAC等远程管理卡的远程界面，手工PXE启动（个人推荐） **安装epel源，安装koan** ```shell yum install koan -y ``` **获取Cobbler服务器上的可用系统列表** ```shell [root@openstack ~]# koan --server=192.168.0.232 --list=profiles - looking for Cobbler at http://192.168.0.232:80/cobbler_api Centos-7.3-x86_64 ``` **选择要重装的系统，执行安装命令** ```shell koan --replace-self --server=192.168.0.232 --profile=Centos-7.3-x886_64 ``` #### 1.2.3 Cobbler WEB配置 ```shell https://192.168.0.232/cobbler_web ```