# 概念 如果主语是动作的承受者，则用动词的被动语态作谓语。 # 构成 被动语态的构成为：`be+动词的过去分词(p.p)···by sb` ``` He is taken to America by his mother.他被妈妈带到了美国 ``` # 被动语态的时态 ``` The information is needed by us. The book was being read by him. The computer has been used by her. The room will be cleaned. The computer could have been used by her. ``` # 被动语态和情态动词结合 * can/could+be+动词过去分词 may/might must/have to should/ought to had better/would rather used to/would need+doing+动词过去分词 表示需要被怎么怎么样，不使用need+be+动词过去分词 need+to be+动词过去分词 和need+doing形式含义相同，但是很少使用这种形式 # (by+行为者)可省略 动作的行为者不分明，或不重要，或上下文中提到了行为者时，”by+行为者“可以省略 ``` The information is needed. The book is being read. The door was opened. ``` # 被动语态的疑问句 ## 被动语态的一般疑问句 助动词+主语+（其他助动词）+动词过去分词~~~~？ ``` Is the information needed by him? -Yes,it is./No,it isn't. Has the computer been used by her? -Yes,it has./No,it hasn't. Will the room be cleaned? -Yes,it will./No,it won't. ``` ## 被动语态的特殊疑问句 疑问词+助动词+主语+（其他助动词）+动词过去分词~~~~？ ``` The information is needed by him? What is needed by them? The girl is taken to Shanghai. Where is the girl taken? The book has been read three times. How many times has the book been read? ```