# Apache模块 mod_authz_owner | [说明](#calibre_link-11) | 基于文件的所有者进行授权 | | --- | --- | | [状态](#calibre_link-12) | 扩展(E) | | [模块名](#calibre_link-13) | authz_owner_module | | [源文件](#calibre_link-14) | mod_authz_owner.c | | [兼容性](#calibre_link-58) | 仅在 Apache 2.1 及以后的版本中可用 | ### 概述 This module authorizes access to files by comparing the userid used for HTTP authentication (the web userid) with the file-system owner or group of the requested file. The supplied username and password must be already properly verified by an authentication module, such as `mod_auth_basic`或`mod_auth_digest`. `mod_authz_owner` recognizes two arguments for the `Require` directive, `file-owner`和`file-group`, as follows: `file-owner` The supplied web-username must match the system's name for the owner of the file being requested. That is, if the operating system says the requested file is owned by `jones`, then the username used to access it through the web must be `jones` as well. `file-group` The name of the system group that owns the file must be present in a group database, which is provided, for example, by `mod_authz_groupfile`或`mod_authz_dbm`, and the web-username must be a member of that group. For example, if the operating system says the requested file is owned by (system) group `accounts`, the group `accounts` must appear in the group database and the web-username used in the request must be a member of that group. ### 注意 If `mod_authz_owner` is used in order to authorize a resource that is not actually present in the filesystem (_i.e._ a virtual resource), it will deny the access. Particularly it will never authorize [content negotiated "MultiViews"](#calibre_link-1000) resources. ## Configuration Examples ### Require file-owner Consider a multi-user system running the Apache Web server, with each user having his or her own files in `~/public_html/private`. Assuming that there is a single `AuthDBMUserFile` database that lists all of their web-usernames, and that these usernames match the system's usernames that actually own the files on the server, then the following stanza would allow only the user himself access to his own files. User `jones` would not be allowed to access files in `/home/smith/public_html/private` unless they were owned by `jones` instead of `smith`. ``` <Directory /home/*/public_html/private> AuthType Basic AuthName MyPrivateFiles AuthBasicProvider dbm AuthDBMUserFile /usr/local/apache2/etc/.htdbm-all Satisfy All Require file-owner </Directory> ``` ### Require file-group Consider a system similar to the one described above, but with some users that share their project files in `~/public_html/project-foo`. The files are owned by the system group `foo` and there is a single `AuthDBMGroupFile` database that contains all of the web-usernames and their group membership, _i.e._ they must be at least member of a group named `foo`. So if `jones`和`smith` are both member of the group `foo`, then both will be authorized to access the `project-foo` directories of each other. ``` <Directory /home/*/public_html/project-foo> AuthType Basic AuthName "Project Foo Files" AuthBasicProvider dbm # combined user/group database AuthDBMUserFile /usr/local/apache2/etc/.htdbm-all AuthDBMGroupFile /usr/local/apache2/etc/.htdbm-all Satisfy All Require file-group </Directory> ``` ## AuthzOwnerAuthoritative 指令 | [说明](#calibre_link-18) | Sets whether authorization will be passed on to lower level modules | | --- | --- | | [语法](#calibre_link-19) | `AuthzOwnerAuthoritative On&#124;Off` | | [默认值](#calibre_link-24) | `AuthzOwnerAuthoritative On` | | [作用域](#calibre_link-20) | directory, .htaccess | | [覆盖项](#calibre_link-66) | AuthConfig | | [状态](#calibre_link-21) | 扩展(E) | | [模块](#calibre_link-22) | mod_authz_owner | Setting the `AuthzOwnerAuthoritative` directive explicitly to `Off` allows for user authorization to be passed on to lower level modules (as defined in the `modules.c` files) if: * in the case of `file-owner` the file-system owner does not match the supplied web-username or could not be determined, or * in the case of `file-group` the file-system group does not contain the supplied web-username or could not be determined. Note that setting the value to `Off` also allows the combination of `file-owner`和`file-group`, so access will be allowed if either one or the other (or both) match. By default, control is not passed on and an authorization failure will result in an "Authentication Required" reply. Not setting it to `Off` thus keeps the system secure and forces an NCSA compliant behaviour.