Spring4 + Struts2 + Hibernate 集成教程 · HowToDoInJava 中文系列教程

# Spring4 + Struts2 + Hibernate 集成教程 > 原文： [https://howtodoinjava.com/struts2/spring-4-struts-2-hibernate-integration-tutorial/](https://howtodoinjava.com/struts2/spring-4-struts-2-hibernate-integration-tutorial/) 以前，我已经介绍了 [**Spring3 + Hibernate 集成**](//howtodoinjava.com/spring/spring-orm/spring-3-and-hibernate-integration-tutorial-with-example/ "Spring3 and hibernate integration tutorial with example")示例和 [**Struts2 helloworld**](//howtodoinjava.com/struts-2/struts-2-hello-world-example-application/ "Struts2 hello world example application") 示例。在本教程中，我将讨论将 spring 框架与 Struts 和 Hibernate 结合使用时要记住的所有重要点。另外，请注意，本教程使用了其他次要但很重要的概念，例如日志记录，TLD 的使用和事务以及已集成到本教程中。因此，请记住还要检查其详细信息。在本教程中，我将使用简单的功能（例如全部获取，添加和删除）来构建员工管理屏幕。它看起来像这样： ![home screen for spring struts hibernate integration](https://img.kancloud.cn/db/f2/dbf2aca2aecf8bca9dd7e6df98f974ad_568x356.png) 我将按照以下步骤讨论集成过程： ```java 1) Integration Overview 2) Spring + Struts Integration 3) Spring + Hibernate Integration 4) Other Integrated Functionalities a) Log4j b) TLDs c) Transactions 5) Important Points to Keep Remember 6) Database Schema Used in Tutorial 7) 下载源码 ``` ## 1）概述在进入集成细节之前，让我们先确定一下***为什么我们需要此集成***本身。像 Struts 一样，Spring 也可以充当 MVC 实现。两种框架都有其优缺点，仍然有很多人会同意 **Spring 更好**，并且提供了更广泛的功能。对我来说，只有两种情况，您需要本教程中提供的信息： i）您有一个用 Struts 编写的旧应用，并且想要使用 spring 来提高应用的功能很多倍。 ii）您确实想根据自己的原因来学习它。否则，我不知道为什么有人会在 Spring 选择支柱。如果您知道其他一些好的理由，请与我们所有人分享。那挺棒的。继续，在本教程中，我将**委托从 Struts 到 Spring** 进行动作管理。进行委派的原因是，通过 Spring 上下文实例化`Action`类时，它可以使用 spring 在其自己的 MVC 实现中为其提供的`Controller`类的所有其他功能。因此，您将获得所有 spring 功能以及 struts `Action`类，以具有包括`ActionForm`概念在内的控制器逻辑。 ## 2）Spring + Struts 集成这是核心逻辑，从在`web.xml`中注册`ContextLoaderListener`和`StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter`开始。 `ContextLoaderListener`带有初始化参数`contextConfigLocation`，并负责设置和启动 Spring `WebApplicationContext`。现在，struts 将在与 Spring 相关的服务中特别是在[依赖项注入](//howtodoinjava.com/spring/spring-core/inversion-of-control-ioc-and-dependency-injection-di-patterns-in-spring-framework-and-related-interview-questions/ "Inversion of control (IoC) and dependency injection (DI) patterns in spring framework and related interview questions")中利用此上下文。 `StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter`在类路径中查找`struts.xml`文件，并配置 strut 的特定内容，例如动作映射，全局转发和其他在`struts.xml`文件中定义的内容。 **`web.xml`** ```java <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index.html; id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>Spring+Struts+Hibernate Integration Example</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/WEB-INF/index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>  <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value> </context-param>  <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>  <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>debug</param-name> <param-value>0</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>detail</param-name> <param-value>0</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>  <jsp-config> <taglib> <taglib-uri>/tags/struts-bean</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>/tags/struts-html</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>/tags/struts-logic</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>/tags/struts-nested</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-nested.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> </jsp-config> </web-app> ``` 第二步，将在`struts.xml`文件中创建操作映射，如下所示： **`struts.xml`** ```java <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts>  <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />  <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="messages" />  <constant name="struts.enable.SlashesInActionNames" value="true"/>  <package name="default" namespace="" extends="struts-default">  <action name="list" class="editEmployeeAction" method="listEmployees"> <result>/view/editEmployeeList.jsp</result> </action> <action name="add" class="editEmployeeAction" method="addEmployee"> <result type="redirect">/list</result> </action> <action name="delete/*" class="editEmployeeAction" method="deleteEmployee"> <param name="employee.id">{1}</param> <result type="redirect">/list</result> </action> <action name="*" class="editEmployeeAction" method="listEmployees"> <result>/view/editEmployeeList.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts> ``` 在单独的 strut 应用程序中，我们将在“`class`”属性中具有完整的`Action`类及其包装信息。在这里，我们将类名命名为`editEmployeeAction`。它在哪里定义？我们将要求 Spring 为我们查找。 Spring 上下文文件`beans.xml`是典型的 Spring 单独上下文文件，具有 Web 应用运行所需的所有内容，其中包括 struts 正在寻找的 bean 定义`editEmployeeAction`。 **`beans.xml`** ```java <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/ http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/ http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/ http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/ http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/ http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/ http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">   <bean name="editEmployeeAction" class="com.howtodoinjava.controller.EditEmployeeAction" scope="prototype"> <property name="employeeManager"> <ref bean="employeeManager"/> </property> </bean>  <bean id="employeeDAO" class="com.howtodoinjava.dao.EmployeeDaoImpl"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <bean id="employeeManager" class="com.howtodoinjava.service.EmployeeManagerImpl"> <property name="employeeDAO" ref="employeeDAO"/> </bean>  <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer" p:location="/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties" />  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.databaseurl}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" />  <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="configLocation"> <value>classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml</value> </property> <property name="configurationClass"> <value>org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration</value> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${jdbc.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean>  <tx:annotation-driven /> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> </beans> ``` 这是我们要做的**将 Struts 与 spring** 框架集成在一起的所有步骤。现在，您的动作类如下所示： **`EditEmployeeAction.java`** ```java package com.howtodoinjava.controller; import java.util.List; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity; import com.howtodoinjava.service.EmployeeManager; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Preparable; public class EditEmployeeAction extends ActionSupport implements Preparable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; //Logger configured using log4j private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(EditEmployeeAction.class); //List of employees; Setter and Getter are below private List<EmployeeEntity> employees; //Employee object to be added; Setter and Getter are below private EmployeeEntity employee; //Employee manager injected by spring context; This is cool !! private EmployeeManager employeeManager; //This method return list of employees in database public String listEmployees() { logger.info("listEmployees method called"); employees = employeeManager.getAllEmployees(); return SUCCESS; } //This method will be called when a employee object is added public String addEmployee() { logger.info("addEmployee method called"); employeeManager.addEmployee(employee); return SUCCESS; } //Deletes a employee by it's id passed in path parameter public String deleteEmployee() { logger.info("deleteEmployee method called"); employeeManager.deleteEmployee(employee.getId()); return SUCCESS; } //This method will be called before any of Action method is invoked; //So some pre-processing if required. @Override public void prepare() throws Exception { employee = null; } //Getters and Setters hidden } ``` Spring 还将 DAO 引用注入到`Manager`类。 **`EmployeeManagerImpl.java`** ```java package com.howtodoinjava.service; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.howtodoinjava.dao.EmployeeDAO; import com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity; public class EmployeeManagerImpl implements EmployeeManager { //Employee dao injected by Spring context private EmployeeDAO employeeDAO; //This method will be called when a employee object is added @Override @Transactional public void addEmployee(EmployeeEntity employee) { employeeDAO.addEmployee(employee); } //This method return list of employees in database @Override @Transactional public List<EmployeeEntity> getAllEmployees() { return employeeDAO.getAllEmployees(); } //Deletes a employee by it's id @Override @Transactional public void deleteEmployee(Integer employeeId) { employeeDAO.deleteEmployee(employeeId); } //This setter will be used by Spring context to inject the dao's instance public void setEmployeeDAO(EmployeeDAO employeeDAO) { this.employeeDAO = employeeDAO; } } ``` ## 3）Spring + Hibernate 集成现在我们必须将 Hibernate 集成到应用中。最好的地方是利用 Spring 的强大功能进行集成，以充分利用依赖注入来与不同的 ORM 一起使用。上面`beans.xml`文件中已经给出了 Spring 所需的 Hibernate 依赖关系。您将需要的其他文件是： **`hibernate.cfg.xml`** ```java <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <mapping class="com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity" /> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration> ``` **`jdbc.properties`** ```java jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect jdbc.databaseurl=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=password ``` **`EmployeeDaoImpl.java`** ```java package com.howtodoinjava.dao; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity; @Repository public class EmployeeDaoImpl implements EmployeeDAO { //Session factory injected by spring context private SessionFactory sessionFactory; //This method will be called when a employee object is added @Override public void addEmployee(EmployeeEntity employee) { this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(employee); } //This method return list of employees in database @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public List<EmployeeEntity> getAllEmployees() { return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from EmployeeEntity").list(); } //Deletes a employee by it's id @Override public void deleteEmployee(Integer employeeId) { EmployeeEntity employee = (EmployeeEntity) sessionFactory.getCurrentSession() .load(EmployeeEntity.class, employeeId); if (null != employee) { this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().delete(employee); } } //This setter will be used by Spring context to inject the sessionFactory instance public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory; } } ``` 供您参考，`EmployeeEntity`类如下所示： **`EmployeeEntity.java`** ```java package com.howtodoinjava.entity; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name="EMPLOYEE") public class EmployeeEntity { @Id @Column(name="ID") @GeneratedValue private Integer id; @Column(name="FIRSTNAME") private String firstname; @Column(name="LASTNAME") private String lastname; @Column(name="EMAIL") private String email; @Column(name="TELEPHONE") private String telephone; //Setters and Getters } ``` ## 4）其他集成功能除了 struts + spring + hibernate，我们还使用以下组件来构建应用。 #### a）Log4j Spring 通过扫描类路径中的 log4j 自动配置日志记录。我们使用`pom.xml`文件添加了 log4j 依赖项。现在，您只需要在类路径中放置一个`log4j.xml`或`log4j.properties`文件。 **`log4j.properties`** ```java log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout, R log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender log4j.appender.R.File=c:/log/demo.log log4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=100KB log4j.appender.R.MaxBackupIndex=1 log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n ``` #### b）顶级域如果您查看`web.xml`文件，我们在其中包含了一些 TLD。我们可以随时在视图层中使用它们，如下所示： **`editEmployeeList.jsp`** ```java <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%> <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <html> <head> <title>Spring-4 + Struts-3 + Hibernate Integration Demo</title> <style> table.list { border-collapse:collapse; width: 40%; } table.list, table.list td, table.list th { border:1px solid gray; padding: 5px; } </style> </head> <body> <h2>Spring-4 + Struts-3 + Hibernate Integration Demo</h2> <s:form method="post" action="add"> <table> <tr> <td><s:textfield key="label.firstname" name="employee.firstname"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td><s:textfield key="label.lastname" name="employee.lastname"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td><s:textfield key="label.email" name="employee.email"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td><s:textfield key="label.telephone" name="employee.telephone"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <s:submit key="label.add"></s:submit> </td> </tr> </table> </s:form> <h3>Employees</h3> <c:if test="${!empty employees}"> <table class="list"> <tr> <th align="left">Name</th> <th align="left">Email</th> <th align="left">Telephone</th> <th align="left">Actions</th> </tr> <c:forEach items="${employees}" var="emp"> <tr> <td>${emp.lastname}, ${emp.firstname} </td> <td>${emp.email}</td> <td>${emp.telephone}</td> <td><a href="delete/${emp.id}">delete</a></td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> </c:if> </body> </html> ``` #### c）事务 `EmployeeManagerImpl.java`在诸如`getAllEmployees()`和`deleteEmployee()`之类的方法中使用注解`@Transactional`。这实际上是在单个事务中运行在此方法下执行的所有数据库查询。像这样在`beans.xml`上下文文件中声明了事务依赖项。 ```java  <tx:annotation-driven /> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> ``` ## 5）要记住的要点 **a）如果运行时无法找到`lib`文件夹中存在的类，则将来自项目依赖项的 jar 文件添加到项目部署程序集中。** **b）**使`bean.xml`中定义的`Action`类的**作用域为“原型”**。 Spring 提供的 bean 的默认范围是单例，并且必须为每个请求创建新的 Struts `Action`类，因为它包含特定于用户会话的数据。为了容纳两者，请将`Action`类 bean 标记为原型。 **c）**在运行此应用之前，请不要忘记**设置数据库**。如果安装不正确，将导致您出现一些异常。 **d）**另外，请**在项目运行时依赖项中也包括**`struts2-spring-plugin`。 ## 6）教程中使用的数据库架构下表已在 MySQL 中的名为“`test`”的数据库中创建。 ```java CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE ( ID INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, FIRSTNAME VARCHAR(30), LASTNAME VARCHAR(30), TELEPHONE VARCHAR(15), EMAIL VARCHAR(30), CREATED TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW() ); ``` 如果您打算自己构建应用，则在下面给定的**直接在此应用中使用的结构**将为您提供帮助。 ![directory structure for spring struts hibernate integration](https://img.kancloud.cn/c9/6f/c96f8565a5199fbb0002d48a8b82007e_469x728.png) Spring Struts Hibernate 集成的目录结构此项目中使用的`pom.xml`文件具有所有项目相关性（有些额外），如下所示： **`pom.xml`** ```java <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.howtodoinjava.app</groupId> <artifactId>Spring4Struts2HibernateIntegration</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>Spring4Struts2HibernateIntegration Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  <repositories> <repository> <id>JBoss repository</id> <url>http://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> </repository> </repositories> <properties> <org.springframework.version>4.0.3.RELEASE</org.springframework.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>2.3.16.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.16.2</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjtools</artifactId> <version>1.6.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.15</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.mail</groupId> <artifactId>mail</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.jms</groupId> <artifactId>jms</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId> <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId> <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>3.6.3.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.12.1.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.9</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>Spring3Struts2HibernateIntegration</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> ``` ## 7）下载源代码下载以上示例的源代码或获取`.war`文件。 [下载源码](https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7yo2HclmjI4S2c5YldiNk44aVE/edit?usp=sharing "spring + struts + hibernate tutorial source code link") [下载`.war`文件](https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7yo2HclmjI4T2NrS19iRU5Hb3c/edit?usp=sharing "spring + struts + hibernate tutorial .war file link") 这是 **Spring4 + Struts2 + hibernate 集成**教程的全部内容。让我知道您的想法和疑问。 **祝您学习愉快！**