# 日志记录(Logging)
# 日志记录(Logging)
Phalcon提供了一个日志记录组件即 [*Phalcon\\Logger*](#)。 我们可以使用此组件输出日志到不同的流中,如文件,系统日志等。这个组件还提供了其它的功能如日志事务(类似于数据库的事务), 配置选项, 还可以输出不同的格式,另外还支持多种过滤器。 [*Phalcon\\Logger*](#)
> 提供了多种日志记录方式,从调试程序到跟踪应用的执行以满足应用的需求。
### 适配器(Adapters)
此组件使用不同的流适配器来保存日信息。 我们可以按需使用适配器。支持的适配器如下:
适配器描述接口File保存日志到普通文件[*Phalcon\\Logger\\Adapter\\File*](#)Stream保存日志到PHP流[*Phalcon\\Logger\\Adapter\\Stream*](#)Syslog保存到系统日志[*Phalcon\\Logger\\Adapter\\Syslog*](#)Firephp发送日志到FirePHP[*Phalcon\\Logger\\Adapter\\FirePHP*](#)### 创建日志(Creating a Log)
下面的例子展示了如何创建日志对象及如何添加日志信息:
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
<?php
use Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\File as FileAdapter;
$logger = new FileAdapter("app/logs/test.log");
$logger->log("This is a message");
$logger->log("This is an error", \Phalcon\Logger::ERROR);
$logger->error("This is another error");
```
```
产生的日志信息如下:
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
[Tue, 28 Jul 15 22:09:02 -0500][DEBUG] This is a message
[Tue, 28 Jul 15 22:09:02 -0500][ERROR] This is an error
[Tue, 28 Jul 15 22:09:02 -0500][ERROR] This is another error
```
```
### 事务(Transactions)
保存日志到适配器如文件(文件系统)是非常消耗系统资源的。 为了减少应用性能上的开销,我们可以使用日志事务。 事务会把日志记录临时的保存到内存中然后再写入到适配中(此例子中为文件),(这个操作是个原子操作)
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
<?php
use Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\File as FileAdapter;
// 生成日志新组件实例
$logger = new FileAdapter("app/logs/test.log");
// 开启事务
$logger->begin();
// 添加消息
$logger->alert("This is an alert");
$logger->error("This is another error");
// 保存消息到文件中
$logger->commit();
```
```
### 使用多个处理程序进行日志记录(Logging to Multiple Handlers)
[*Phalcon\\Logger*](#) 也可以同时保存日志信息到多个适配器中:
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
<?php
use Phalcon\Logger;
use Phalcon\Logger\Multiple as MultipleStream;
use Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\File as FileAdapter;
use Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\Stream as StreamAdapter;
$logger = new MultipleStream();
$logger->push(new FileAdapter('test.log'));
$logger->push(new StreamAdapter('php://stdout'));
$logger->log("This is a message");
$logger->log("This is an error", Logger::ERROR);
$logger->error("This is another error");
```
```
信息发送的顺序和处理器(适配器)注册的顺序相同。
### 信息格式(Message Formatting)
此组件使用 formatters 在信息发送前格式化日志信息。 支持下而后格式:
适配器描述接口Line文本方式格式化信息[*Phalcon\\Logger\\Formatter\\Line*](#)Json使用JSON格式格式化信息[*Phalcon\\Logger\\Formatter\\Json*](#)Syslog使用系统提供的格式格式化信息[*Phalcon\\Logger\\Formatter\\Syslog*](#)### 行格式化处理(Line Formatter)
使用单行格式格式化信息。 默认的格式如下:
\[%date%\]\[%type%\] %message%
我们可以使用setFormat()来设置自定义格式。 下面是格式变量:
下面的例子中展示了如何修改日志格式:
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
<?php
use Phalcon\Logger\Formatter\Line as LineFormatter;
// 修改日志格式
$formatter = new LineFormatter("%date% - %message%");
$logger->setFormatter($formatter);
```
```
### 自定义格式处理(Implementing your own formatters)
若要实现自定义的格式则要实现 [*Phalcon\\Logger\\FormatterInterface*](#) 接口,这样才能扩展已有的格式或创建自定义的格式
### 适配器(Adapters)
下面的例子中展示了每种适配器的简单用法:
### 数据流日志记录器(Stream Logger)
系统日志保存消息到一个已注册的有效的PHP流中。 这里列出了可用的流: here <<http://php.net/manual/en/wrappers.php>>`\_:
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
<?php
use Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\Stream as StreamAdapter;
// 使用zlib压缩流
$logger = new StreamAdapter("compress.zlib://week.log.gz");
// 发送消息到stderr
$logger = new StreamAdapter("php://stderr");
```
```
### 文件日志记录器(File Logger)
文件适配器保存所有的日志信息到普通的文件中。 默认情况下日志文件使用添加模式打开,打开文件后文件的指针会指向文件的尾端。如果文件不存在,则会尝试创建。 我们可以通过传递附加参数的形式来修改打开的模式:
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
<?php
use Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\File as FileAdapter;
// 使用写模式打开
$logger = new FileAdapter(
"app/logs/test.log",
array(
'mode' => 'w'
)
);
```
```
### Syslog 日志记录器(Syslog Logger)
使用系统日志适配器。 由于操作系统的不同得到的日志也不尽相同:
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
<?php
use Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\Syslog as SyslogAdapter;
// 基本用法
$logger = new SyslogAdapter(null);
// Setting ident/mode/facility 参数设置
$logger = new SyslogAdapter(
"ident-name",
array(
'option' => LOG_NDELAY,
'facility' => LOG_MAIL
)
);
```
```
### FirePHP 日志记录器(FirePHP Logger)
This logger sends messages in HTTP response headers that are displayed by [FirePHP](http://www.firephp.org/),a [Firebug](http://getfirebug.com/) extension for Firefox.
```
<pre class="calibre14">```
<?php
use Phalcon\Logger;
use Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\Firephp as Firephp;
$logger = new Firephp("");
$logger->log("This is a message");
$logger->log("This is an error", Logger::ERROR);
$logger->error("This is another error");
```
```
### 自定义适配器(Implementing your own adapters)
如果开发者想自定义新的日志组件则需实现此接口: [*Phalcon\\Logger\\AdapterInterface*](#) 。
|
- [索引](# "总目录")
- [下一页](# "注释解析器(Annotations Parser)") |
- [上一页](# "Universal Class Loader") |
- API参考
- API列表
- Abstract class Phalcon\Acl
- Abstract class Phalcon\Acl\Adapter
- Class Phalcon\Acl\Adapter\Memory
- Interface Phalcon\Acl\AdapterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Acl\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Acl\Resource
- Interface Phalcon\Acl\ResourceInterface
- Class Phalcon\Acl\Role
- Interface Phalcon\Acl\RoleInterface
- Class Phalcon\Annotations\Annotation
- Abstract class Phalcon\Annotations\Adapter
- Interface Phalcon\Annotations\AdapterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Annotations\Collection
- Class Phalcon\Annotations\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Annotations\Reader
- Interface Phalcon\Annotations\ReaderInterface
- Class Phalcon\Annotations\Reflection
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Collection
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Exception
- Interface Phalcon\Assets\FilterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Filters\Cssmin
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Filters\Jsmin
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Filters\None
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Inline
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Inline\Css
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Inline\Js
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Manager
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Resource
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Resource\Css
- Class Phalcon\Assets\Resource\Js
- Abstract class Phalcon\Cache\Backend
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Backend\Apc
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Backend\File
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Backend\Libmemcached
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Backend\Memcache
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Backend\Memory
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Backend\Mongo
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Backend\Redis
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Backend\Xcache
- Interface Phalcon\Cache\BackendInterface
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Frontend\Base64
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Frontend\Data
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Frontend\Igbinary
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Frontend\Json
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Frontend\None
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Frontend\Output
- Interface Phalcon\Cache\FrontendInterface
- Class Phalcon\Cache\Multiple
- Class Phalcon\Cli\Router\Route
- Class Phalcon\Config
- Class Phalcon\Config\Adapter\Ini
- Class Phalcon\Config\Adapter\Json
- Class Phalcon\Config\Adapter\Php
- Class Phalcon\Config\Adapter\Yaml
- Class Phalcon\Config\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Crypt
- Class Phalcon\Crypt\Exception
- Interface Phalcon\CryptInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Db
- Abstract class Phalcon\Db\Adapter
- Interface Phalcon\Db\AdapterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Db\Column
- Interface Phalcon\Db\ColumnInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Db\Dialect
- Interface Phalcon\Db\DialectInterface
- Class Phalcon\Db\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Db\Index
- Interface Phalcon\Db\IndexInterface
- Class Phalcon\Db\Profiler
- Class Phalcon\Db\RawValue
- Class Phalcon\Db\Reference
- Interface Phalcon\Db\ReferenceInterface
- Class Phalcon\Db\Result\Pdo
- Interface Phalcon\Db\ResultInterface
- Class Phalcon\Debug
- Class Phalcon\Debug\Dump
- Class Phalcon\Debug\Exception
- Interface Phalcon\DiInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Dispatcher
- Interface Phalcon\DispatcherInterface
- Class Phalcon\Escaper
- Class Phalcon\Escaper\Exception
- Interface Phalcon\EscaperInterface
- Class Phalcon\Events\Event
- Interface Phalcon\Events\EventsAwareInterface
- Class Phalcon\Events\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Events\Manager
- Interface Phalcon\Events\ManagerInterface
- Class Phalcon\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Filter
- Class Phalcon\Filter\Exception
- Interface Phalcon\Filter\UserFilterInterface
- Interface Phalcon\FilterInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Flash
- Class Phalcon\Flash\Direct
- Class Phalcon\Flash\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Flash\Session
- Interface Phalcon\FlashInterface
- Class Phalcon\Forms\Form
- Abstract class Phalcon\Forms\Element
- Class Phalcon\Forms\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Forms\Manager
- Class Phalcon\Http\Cookie
- Class Phalcon\Http\Cookie\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Http\Request
- Class Phalcon\Http\Request\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Http\Request\File
- Interface Phalcon\Http\Request\FileInterface
- Interface Phalcon\Http\RequestInterface
- Class Phalcon\Http\Response
- Class Phalcon\Http\Response\Cookies
- Interface Phalcon\Http\Response\CookiesInterface
- Class Phalcon\Http\Response\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Http\Response\Headers
- Interface Phalcon\Http\Response\HeadersInterface
- Interface Phalcon\Http\ResponseInterface
- Class Phalcon\Image
- Abstract class Phalcon\Image\Adapter
- Class Phalcon\Image\Adapter\Imagick
- Interface Phalcon\Image\AdapterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Image\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Kernel
- Class Phalcon\Loader
- Class Phalcon\Loader\Exception
- Abstract class Phalcon\Logger
- Abstract class Phalcon\Logger\Adapter
- Class Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\File
- Class Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\Firephp
- Class Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\Stream
- Class Phalcon\Logger\Adapter\Syslog
- Interface Phalcon\Logger\AdapterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Logger\Exception
- Abstract class Phalcon\Logger\Formatter
- Interface Phalcon\Logger\FormatterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Logger\Item
- Class Phalcon\Logger\Multiple
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Application
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Application\Exception
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\Collection
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\Collection\Behavior
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Collection\Behavior\SoftDelete
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Collection\Behavior\Timestampable
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Collection\BehaviorInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Collection\Document
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Collection\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Collection\Manager
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Collection\ManagerInterface
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\CollectionInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\Controller
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\ControllerInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Dispatcher
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Dispatcher\Exception
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\DispatcherInterface
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\EntityInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Micro
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Micro\Collection
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Micro\CollectionInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Micro\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Micro\LazyLoader
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Micro\MiddlewareInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\Model
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Behavior
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Criteria
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\CriteriaInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Manager
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\ManagerInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Message
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\MessageInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\MetaData
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\MetaDataInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\QueryInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Relation
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\RelationInterface
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\ResultInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Resultset
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Validator
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\ResultsetInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Row
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Transaction
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Model\TransactionInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\ValidationFailed
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\ModelInterface
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\ModuleDefinitionInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Router
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Router\Annotations
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Router\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Router\Group
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Router\GroupInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Router\Route
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\Router\RouteInterface
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\RouterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Url
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\Url\Exception
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\UrlInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\User\Component
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\User\Module
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\User\Plugin
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\View
- Abstract class Phalcon\Mvc\View\Engine
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\View\EngineInterface
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\View\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Mvc\View\Simple
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\ViewBaseInterface
- Interface Phalcon\Mvc\ViewInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Paginator\Adapter
- Class Phalcon\Paginator\Adapter\Model
- Class Phalcon\Paginator\Adapter\NativeArray
- Class Phalcon\Paginator\Adapter\QueryBuilder
- Interface Phalcon\Paginator\AdapterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Paginator\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Queue\Beanstalk
- Class Phalcon\Queue\Beanstalk\Job
- Final class Phalcon\Registry
- Class Phalcon\Security
- Class Phalcon\Security\Exception
- Abstract class Phalcon\Session
- Abstract class Phalcon\Session\Adapter
- Interface Phalcon\Session\AdapterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Session\Bag
- Interface Phalcon\Session\BagInterface
- Class Phalcon\Session\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Tag
- Class Phalcon\Tag\Exception
- Abstract class Phalcon\Tag\Select
- Abstract class Phalcon\Text
- Abstract class Phalcon\Translate
- Abstract class Phalcon\Translate\Adapter
- Class Phalcon\Translate\Adapter\Csv
- Class Phalcon\Translate\Adapter\Gettext
- Class Phalcon\Translate\Adapter\NativeArray
- Interface Phalcon\Translate\AdapterInterface
- Class Phalcon\Translate\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Validation
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Exception
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Message
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Message\Group
- Interface Phalcon\Validation\MessageInterface
- Abstract class Phalcon\Validation\Validator
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Alnum
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Alpha
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Between
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Confirmation
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Digit
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Email
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\ExclusionIn
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\File
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Identical
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\InclusionIn
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Numericality
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\PresenceOf
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Regex
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\StringLength
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Uniqueness
- Class Phalcon\Validation\Validator\Url
- Interface Phalcon\Validation\ValidatorInterface
- Class Phalcon\Version
- 参考手册
- 安装(Installation)
- 教程 1:让我们通过例子来学习(Tutorial 1: Let’s learn by example)
- 教程 2:Introducing INVO(Tutorial 2: Introducing INVO)
- 教程 3: Securing INVO
- 教程 4: Using CRUDs
- 教程 5: Customizing INVO
- 教程 6: Vkuró
- 教程 7:创建简单的 REST API(Tutorial 7: Creating a Simple REST API)
- 示例列表(List of examples)
- 依赖注入与服务定位器(Dependency Injection/Service Location)
- MVC 架构(The MVC Architecture)
- 使用控制器(Using Controllers)
- 使用模型(Working with Models)
- 模型元数据(Models Meta-Data)
- 事务管理(Model Transactions)
- Phalcon 查询语言(Phalcon Query Language (PHQL))
- 缓存对象关系映射(Caching in the ORM)
- 对象文档映射 ODM (Object-Document Mapper)
- 使用视图(Using Views)
- 视图助手(View Helpers)
- 资源文件管理(Assets Management)
- Volt 模版引擎(Volt: Template Engine)
- MVC 应用(MVC Applications)
- 路由(Routing)
- 调度控制器(Dispatching Controllers)
- 微应用(Micro Applications)
- 使用命名空间(Working with Namespaces)
- 事件管理器(Events Manager)
- Request Environment
- 返回响应(Returning Responses)
- Cookie 管理(Cookies Management)
- 生成 URL 和 路径(Generating URLs and Paths)
- 闪存消息(Flashing Messages)
- 使用 Session 存储数据(Storing data in Session)
- 过滤与清理(Filtering and Sanitizing)
- 上下文编码(Contextual Escaping)
- 验证(Validation)
- 表单(Forms)
- 读取配置(Reading Configurations)
- 分页(Pagination)
- 使用缓存提高性能(Improving Performance with Cache)
- 安全(Security)
- Encryption/Decryption
- 访问控制列表 ACL(Access Control Lists ACL)
- 多语言支持(Multi-lingual Support)
- Universal Class Loader
- 日志记录(Logging)
- 注释解析器(Annotations Parser)
- 命令行应用(Command Line Applications)
- 队列(Queueing)
- 数据库抽象层(Database Abstraction Layer)
- 国际化(Internationalization)
- 数据库迁移(Database Migrations)
- 调试应用程序(Debugging Applications)
- Phalcon 开发工具(Phalcon Developer Tools)
- 提高性能:下一步该做什么?(Increasing Performance: What’s next?)
- 单元测试(Unit testing)
- 授权(License)