## 基于WebDriverAgent/XCTest的iOS应用管理命令进阶版
从XCode9开始,我们可以在同一个session里管理多个应用。那我们就可以在被测应用压后台之后,打开iOS设置,去改变一些设置,然后恢复被测应用或者检查对应场景,事实上,改变设置,会使应用退出或者重启。针对iOS系统,Appium有一组特殊的子命令`mobile:`可以提供这些功能的交互。
**重要提示:** 确保在应用重启之间,你没有缓存 WebElement 实例,因为每次重启之后,它们都会变成无效实例。
### mobile: installApp
将应用安装到被测机器上。如果设备上安装过该应用,应用会被覆盖安装,这样可以允许你测试应用升级。在安装被测应用的时候,要注意:确保`terminateApp`先调用,否则WebDriverAgent会认为这是应用闪退。
#### 支持的参数
* `app`: 应用的路径, .ipa/.app 文件在服务端文件系统里的路径,
或者 .app 的zip压缩包,或者 URL 指向网上的 .ipa/.zip 的文件的URL。必填参数。
#### 使用案例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("app", "http://example.com/myapp.ipa");
js.executeScript("mobile: installApp", params);
```
### mobile: removeApp
卸载被测设备上的应用。这个接口不会验证被卸载的应用是否已经安装过。
#### 支持的参数
* `bundleId`: 必填参数,被卸载应用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```python
# Python
driver.execute_script('mobile: removeApp', {'bundleId': 'com.myapp'});
```
### mobile: isAppInstalled
验证应用是否在设备上安装,返回`true` 或者 `false`。
#### 支持参数
* `bundleId`: 必填参数,应用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("bundleId", "com.myapp");
final boolean isInstalled = (Boolean)js.executeScript("mobile: isAppInstalled", params);
```
### mobile: launchApp
启动设备上的应用,如果应用已经启动,会加载到前台。
#### 支持参数
* `bundleId`: 必填参数,应用的bundleId
* `arguments`: 可选参数,命令行参数列表。
* `environment`: 可选参数,环境变量的key/value值
#### 使用案例
```python
# Python
driver.execute_script('mobile: launchApp', {'bundleId': 'com.myapp',
'arguments': ('-foo', '--bar'),
'environment': {'foo': 'bar'}})
```
### mobile: terminateApp
终止设备上的应用。如果应用没有在运行,返回`false`,否则`true`
#### Supported arguments
* `bundleId`: 必填参数,应用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("bundleId", "com.myapp");
final boolean wasRunningBefore = (Boolean)js.executeScript("mobile: terminateApp", params);
```
### mobile: activateApp
激活被测设备上的应用,并加载到前台。应用必须已经在运行。如果应用已经在前台,该调用会被忽略。
#### 支持参数
* `bundleId`: 必填参数,应用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```python
# Python
driver.execute_script('mobile: activateApp', {'bundleId': 'com.myapp'});
```
### mobile: queryAppState
查询设备上应用的当前状态。有五种可能的状态(详见[Apple's documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xctest/xcuiapplicationstate?language=objc)):
* `0`: unknown,当前状态未知
* `1`: 没有在运行
* `2`: 后台挂起
* `3`: 后台未挂起
* `4`: 前台运行
#### 支持参数
* `bundleId`: 必填参数,应用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("bundleId", "com.myapp");
final int state = (Integer)js.executeScript("mobile: queryAppState", params);
```
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