（22）比较运算符 · Java编程那些事

## Java编程那些事儿22—比较运算符郑州游戏学院陈跃峰出自：[http://blog.csdn.net/mailbomb](http://blog.csdn.net/mailbomb) **4.2 比较运算符** 比较运算符实现数据之间大小或相等的比较。比较运算符运算的结果是一个boolean类型的值，如果比较结果成立则为true，否则为false。 Java语言中比较运算符的表示和功能见下表4-2。表4-2 比较运算符 <table style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN-LEFT: -3.95pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 33.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center">符号</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 55.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="74"> <div align="center">名称</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 190.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="254"> <div align="center">功能说明</div> </td> </tr><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 33.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center">> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 55.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="74"> <div align="center">大于</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 190.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="254"> <div align="center">比较左侧数字是否大于右侧数字</div> </td> </tr><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 33.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center">< </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 55.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="74"> <div align="center">小于</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 190.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="254"> <div align="center">比较左侧数字是否小于右侧数字</div> </td> </tr><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 33.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center">>=</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 55.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="74"> <div align="center">大于等于</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 190.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="254"> <div align="center">比较左侧数字是否大于或等于右侧数字</div> </td> </tr><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 33.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center"><=</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 55.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="74"> <div align="center">小于等于</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 190.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="254"> <div align="center">比较左侧数字是否小于或等于右侧数字</div> </td> </tr><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 33.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center">==</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 55.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="74"> <div align="center">等于</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 190.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="254"> <div align="center">比较左侧数字是否等于右侧数字</div> </td> </tr><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 33.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center">!=</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 55.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="74"> <div align="center">不等于</div> </td> <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 190.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid" valign="top" width="254"> <div align="center">比较左侧数字是否不等于右侧数字</div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> 比较运算符的运算规则和现实中的规则一样。需要注意的问题主要有以下几个： 1. boolean类型只能比较相等和不相等，不能比较大小。 2. >=的意思是大于或等于，两者成立一个即可，所以5>=5成立。 3. 在数学上表示的区间[1,10)，也就是数字大于等于1同时小于10，在程序中不能写成如下格式：1<=n<10，这种书写在语法上是错误的，如果需要表达这种区间，则参看4.3逻辑运算符实现部分。 4. 判断相等的符号是两个等号，而不是一个等号，这个需要特别小心。比较运算使用的示例代码如下： ~~~ int a = 10; boolean b = (a > 3); //该条件成立，则将值true赋值给变量b boolean c = (b == true); //条件成立，结果为true ~~~ 在实际代码中，数值、变量以及运算结果都可以直接参与比较，只是程序中为了增强可读性，有些时候需要将比较分开进行书写。比较运算符是程序设计中实现数据比较的基础，也是很多逻辑实现的基础，在程序逻辑中，经常通过比较一定的条件，来判断后续的程序该如何执行。