# QIODevice Class Reference
## [[QtCore](index.htm) module]
The QIODevice class is the base interface class of all I/O devices in Qt. [More...](#details)
继承[QObject](qobject.html)。
通过继承[QAbstractSocket](qabstractsocket.html),[QBuffer](qbuffer.html),[QFile](qfile.html),[QLocalSocket](qlocalsocket.html),[QNetworkReply](qnetworkreply.html)和[QProcess](qprocess.html)。
### Types
* `class **[OpenMode](index.htm)**`
* `enum OpenModeFlag { NotOpen, ReadOnly, WriteOnly, ReadWrite, ..., Unbuffered }`
### Methods
* `__init__ (self)`
* `__init__ (self, QObject parent)`
* `bool atEnd (self)`
* `int bytesAvailable (self)`
* `int bytesToWrite (self)`
* `bool canReadLine (self)`
* `close (self)`
* `QString errorString (self)`
* `(bool, str c) getChar (self)`
* `bool isOpen (self)`
* `bool isReadable (self)`
* `bool isSequential (self)`
* `bool isTextModeEnabled (self)`
* `bool isWritable (self)`
* `bool open (self, OpenMode mode)`
* `OpenMode openMode (self)`
* `QByteArray peek (self, int maxlen)`
* `int pos (self)`
* `bool putChar (self, str c)`
* `str read (self, int maxlen)`
* `QByteArray readAll (self)`
* `str readData (self, int maxlen)`
* `str readLine (self, int maxlen = 0)`
* `str readLineData (self, int maxlen)`
* `bool reset (self)`
* `bool seek (self, int pos)`
* `setErrorString (self, QString errorString)`
* `setOpenMode (self, OpenMode openMode)`
* `setTextModeEnabled (self, bool enabled)`
* `int size (self)`
* `ungetChar (self, str c)`
* `bool waitForBytesWritten (self, int msecs)`
* `bool waitForReadyRead (self, int msecs)`
* `int write (self, QByteArray data)`
* `int writeData (self, str data)`
### Qt Signals
* `void aboutToClose ()`
* `void bytesWritten (qint64)`
* `void readChannelFinished ()`
* `void readyRead ()`
* * *
## Detailed Description
该QIODevice中类是Qt中所有的I / O设备的基本接口类。
QIODevice中提供了一个通用的实现和抽象接口用于支持读数据块,写装置,如[QFile](qfile.html),[QBuffer](qbuffer.html)和[QTcpSocket](qtcpsocket.html)。 QIODevice中是抽象的,并且不能被实例化,但是通常使用它定义提供设备无关的I / O特性的接口。例如, Qt的XML类上的QIODevice指针操作,使他们能够与各种设备(如文件和缓冲区)使用。
访问该设备之前,[open](qiodevice.html#open)( )必须被调用来设置正确的[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)(如[ReadOnly](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum) or [ReadWrite](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)) 。然后,您可以写信给装置[write](qiodevice.html#write)()或[putChar](qiodevice.html#putChar)( ) ,并宣读通过调用[read](qiodevice.html#read)( )[readLine](qiodevice.html#readLine)() ,或[readAll](qiodevice.html#readAll)( ) 。通话[close](qiodevice.html#close)()当你的设备完成的。
随机存取设备和顺序装置:两种类型的设备之间的QIODevice区分。
* Random-access devices support seeking to arbitrary positions using [seek](qiodevice.html#seek)(). The current position in the file is available by calling [pos](qiodevice.html#pos)(). [QFile](qfile.html) and [QBuffer](qbuffer.html) are examples of random-access devices.
* Sequential devices don't support seeking to arbitrary positions. The data must be read in one pass. The functions [pos](qiodevice.html#pos)() and [size](qiodevice.html#size)() don't work for sequential devices. [QTcpSocket](qtcpsocket.html) and [QProcess](qprocess.html) are examples of sequential devices.
您可以使用[isSequential](qiodevice.html#isSequential)()来确定设备的类型。
QIODevice中发出[readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)( )当新的数据可供读取,例如,如果新数据到达网络上,或者额外的数据附加到正在读取的文件。您可以致电[bytesAvailable](qiodevice.html#bytesAvailable)( )来确定当前可用来读取的字节数。这是常见的使用[bytesAvailable](qiodevice.html#bytesAvailable)()连同[readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)()信号与异步设备,如编程[QTcpSocket](qtcpsocket.html)其中数据的片段可以在时间的任意时刻到达。 QIODevice中放出[bytesWritten](qiodevice.html#bytesWritten)()信号的每一个数据的有效载荷中已被写入到该设备的时间。使用[bytesToWrite](qiodevice.html#bytesToWrite)()来确定数据等待写入的电流量。
QIODevice中的某些亚类,如[QTcpSocket](qtcpsocket.html)和[QProcess](qprocess.html),是异步的。这意味着, I / O功能,如[write](qiodevice.html#write)()或[read](qiodevice.html#read)( )总是立刻返回,而当控制返回到事件循环与设备本身的通信可能发生。 QIODevice中提供的功能,让您可以强制这些操作必须立即执行的,而阻塞调用线程,并没有进入事件循环。这允许用户在没有事件循环,或者在单独的线程中使用的QIODevice子类:
* [waitForReadyRead](qiodevice.html#waitForReadyRead)() - This function suspends operation in the calling thread until new data is available for reading.
* [waitForBytesWritten](qiodevice.html#waitForBytesWritten)() - This function suspends operation in the calling thread until one payload of data has been written to the device.
* waitFor....() - Subclasses of QIODevice implement blocking functions for device-specific operations. For example, [QProcess](qprocess.html) has a function called waitForStarted() which suspends operation in the calling thread until the process has started.
从主, GUI线程中调用这些功能,可能会导致你的用户界面冻结。例如:
```
[QProcess](qprocess.html) gzip;
gzip.start("gzip", [QStringList](qstringlist.html)() << "-c");
if (!gzip.waitForStarted())
return false;
gzip.write("uncompressed data");
[QByteArray](qbytearray.html) compressed;
while (gzip.waitForReadyRead())
compressed += gzip.readAll();
```
通过子类QIODevice中,您可以提供相同的接口,以你自己的I / O设备。 QIODevice中的子类来实现保护时,才需要[readData](qiodevice.html#readData)()和[writeData](qiodevice.html#writeData)()函数。 QIODevice中使用这些函数执行所有它的便利功能,如[getChar](qiodevice.html#getChar)( )[readLine](qiodevice.html#readLine)()和[write](qiodevice.html#write)( ) 。 QIODevice中还为您处理访问控制,这样你就可以安全地假定该设备在写模式打开,如果[writeData](qiodevice.html#writeData)()被调用。
一些子类,如[QFile](qfile.html)和[QTcpSocket](qtcpsocket.html),使用的内存缓冲区用于数据的中间存储实现。这减少了所需的设备访问调用,这通常是非常慢的数量。使缓冲功能,如[getChar](qiodevice.html#getChar)()和[putChar](qiodevice.html#putChar)()快,因为它们可以在设备本身上的存储器缓冲操作,而不是直接。某些I / O操作,但是,不具有缓冲工作。例如,如果多个用户打开相同的设备和由字符阅读的字符,它们最终可能读取相同的数据时,为了读取一个单独的组块的每个。出于这个原因, QIODevice中允许你通过将无缓冲标志来绕过任何缓冲[open](qiodevice.html#open)( ) 。当继承了QIODevice ,记得要绕过你可以使用时,设备处于无缓冲模式打开的任何缓冲区。
* * *
## Type Documentation
```
QIODevice.OpenModeFlag
```
此枚举是使用[open](qiodevice.html#open)( )来描述,其中一个装置被打开的模式。它也被返回[openMode](qiodevice.html#openMode)( ) 。
| Constant | Value | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `QIODevice.NotOpen` | `0x0000` | 该设备未打开。 |
| `QIODevice.ReadOnly` | `0x0001` | 该设备是开放式的阅读。 |
| `QIODevice.WriteOnly` | `0x0002` | 该设备是开放式的写作。 |
| `QIODevice.ReadWrite` | `ReadOnly | WriteOnly` | 该设备是开放式的阅读和写作。 |
| `QIODevice.Append` | `0x0004` | 该器件采用追加模式打开,让所有的数据写入到文件的末尾。 |
| `QIODevice.Truncate` | `0x0008` | 如果可能的话,该装置被打开之前被截断。该设备的所有早期的内容会丢失。 |
| `QIODevice.Text` | `0x0010` | 阅读时,行尾的终结被翻译成的'\ n ' 。写作时,行尾的终结将被转换为本地编码,例如' \ r \ ñ'为Win32 。 |
| `QIODevice.Unbuffered` | `0x0020` | 任何缓冲设备中被绕过。 |
某些标志,如`Unbuffered`和`Truncate`一些子类中使用时,是没有意义的。其中的一些限制是由器件的是由子类所表示的类型暗示。在其他情况下,该限制可能是由于在实施方式中,或者可以通过对底层平台的罚款;例如[QTcpSocket](qtcpsocket.html)不支持`Unbuffered`模式,和本机API中的限制阻止[QFile](qfile.html)从支持`Unbuffered`在Windows上。
为openMode类型是一个typedef为[QFlags](index.htm)\u003cOpenModeFlag\u003e 。它存储OpenModeFlag值的或组合。
* * *
## Method Documentation
```
QIODevice.__init__ (self)
```
构造一个[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)对象。
```
QIODevice.__init__ (self, QObject parent)
```
该_parent_的说法,如果不是没有,原因_self_通过Qt的,而不是PyQt的拥有。
构造一个[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)与给定对象_parent_。
```
bool QIODevice.atEnd (self)
```
返回True如果当前读写位置是在设备上(即没有可用于读取设备上没有更多的数据)的末尾,否则返回False 。
对于某些设备,了atEnd ( )可以返回True ,即使有更多的数据读取。这种特殊的情况下只适用于产生直接回应你打电话数据设备[read](qiodevice.html#read)( )(例如,`/dev` or `/proc`在Unix和Mac OS X的文件,或者控制台输入/`stdin`在所有平台) 。
**See also** [bytesAvailable](qiodevice.html#bytesAvailable)( )[read](qiodevice.html#read)()和[isSequential](qiodevice.html#isSequential)( ) 。
```
int QIODevice.bytesAvailable (self)
```
返回可用于读出的字节数。这个函数是常用的使用顺序的设备,以确定的字节数读数之前在缓冲器中分配。
即重新实现这个函数的子类必须调用为了基实现,以包括QIODevices '缓冲区的大小。例如:
```
[long](index.htm#qint64-typedef) CustomDevice.bytesAvailable() const
{
return buffer.size() + [QIODevice](qiodevice.html).bytesAvailable();
}
```
**See also** [bytesToWrite](qiodevice.html#bytesToWrite)( )[readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)()和[isSequential](qiodevice.html#isSequential)( ) 。
```
int QIODevice.bytesToWrite (self)
```
对于缓冲装置,该函数返回字节等待写入的数量。对于没有缓冲装置,该函数返回0 。
**See also** [bytesAvailable](qiodevice.html#bytesAvailable)( )[bytesWritten](qiodevice.html#bytesWritten)()和[isSequential](qiodevice.html#isSequential)( ) 。
```
bool QIODevice.canReadLine (self)
```
返回True如果一个完整的数据线可以从设备中读取,否则返回False 。
需要注意的是缓冲装置,这也没有办法确定哪些可以读取,总是返回False 。
这个功能通常被称为与结合[readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)()信号。
即重新实现这个函数的子类必须调用基实现,以包括的内容[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)的缓冲。例如:
```
bool CustomDevice.canReadLine() const
{
return buffer.contains('\n') || [QIODevice](qiodevice.html).canReadLine();
}
```
**See also** [readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)()和[readLine](qiodevice.html#readLine)( ) 。
```
QIODevice.close (self)
```
首先发出[aboutToClose](qiodevice.html#aboutToClose)() ,然后关闭该装置,并将其[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)至[NotOpen](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。错误字符串也被重置。
**See also** [setOpenMode](qiodevice.html#setOpenMode)()和[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。
```
QString QIODevice.errorString (self)
```
返回上次发生设备错误的人类可读的描述。
**See also** [setErrorString](qiodevice.html#setErrorString)( ) 。
```
(bool, str c) QIODevice.getChar (self)
```
读取从设备并将其存储在一个字符_c_。如果_c_是0时,字符被丢弃。成功时返回TRUE ,否则返回False 。
**See also** [read](qiodevice.html#read)( )[putChar](qiodevice.html#putChar)()和[ungetChar](qiodevice.html#ungetChar)( ) 。
```
bool QIODevice.isOpen (self)
```
返回True如果该设备已打开,否则返回False 。设备是开放的,如果它可以读取和/或写入。默认情况下,这个函数返回False ,如果[openMode](qiodevice.html#openMode)()返回`NotOpen`。
**See also** [openMode](qiodevice.html#openMode)()和[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。
```
bool QIODevice.isReadable (self)
```
返回True如果数据可以从设备读取,否则返回False 。使用[bytesAvailable](qiodevice.html#bytesAvailable)()来确定多少字节可以被读取。
这是一个方便的功能,如果它检查[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)该装置包含[ReadOnly](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)标志。
**See also** [openMode](qiodevice.html#openMode)()和[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。
```
bool QIODevice.isSequential (self)
```
返回True如果该设备是连续的,否则返回False 。
连续的设备,而不是一个随机存取设备,还没有任何概念的一个开始,结束,大小,或当前位置,并且它们不支持寻求。您只能从设备读取时,它报告的数据是可用的。顺序设备的最常见的例子是网络套接字。在Unix上,特殊文件如/ dev / zero的和FIFO管道是连续的。
常规文件,另一方面,也支持随机访问。它们既具有大小和当前位置,并且它们还支持寻求向后和向前的数据流中。普通文件是不连续的。
该[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)实现返回False 。
**See also** [bytesAvailable](qiodevice.html#bytesAvailable)( ) 。
```
bool QIODevice.isTextModeEnabled (self)
```
返回True如果[Text](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)标志为启用,否则返回False 。
**See also** [setTextModeEnabled](qiodevice.html#setTextModeEnabled)( ) 。
```
bool QIODevice.isWritable (self)
```
返回True如果数据可以被写入到该设备,否则返回False 。
这是一个方便的功能,如果它检查[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)该装置包含[WriteOnly](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)标志。
**See also** [openMode](qiodevice.html#openMode)()和[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。
```
bool QIODevice.open (self, OpenMode mode)
```
打开该设备,并将其[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)至_mode_。成功返回True ,否则返回False 。这个函数应该被称为从open()或其他函数打开设备的任何重新实现。
**See also** [openMode](qiodevice.html#openMode)()和[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。
```
OpenMode QIODevice.openMode (self)
```
[](index.htm)
[返回在该设备已被打开的模式,即](index.htm)[ReadOnly](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum) or [WriteOnly](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。
**See also** [setOpenMode](qiodevice.html#setOpenMode)()和[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。
```
QByteArray QIODevice.peek (self, int maxlen)
```
[](qbytearray.html)
[阅读次数最多_maxSize_从设备到字节_data_,无副作用(即,如果你调用](qbytearray.html)[read](qiodevice.html#read)( ) PEEK ()之后,您将获得相同的数据) 。返回读取的字节数。如果发生错误,企图偷看在打开设备时,如[WriteOnly](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)模式下,该函数返回-1 。
当没有更多的数据可供读取返回0。
例如:
```
bool isExeFile([QFile](qfile.html) *file)
{
char buf[2];
if (file->peek(buf, sizeof(buf)) == sizeof(buf))
return (buf[0] == 'M' && buf[1] == 'Z');
return false;
}
```
这个函数是Qt 4.1中引入。
**See also** [read](qiodevice.html#read)( ) 。
```
int QIODevice.pos (self)
```
对于随机存取设备,此函数返回的数据被写入或读出的位置。对于顺序装置或封闭装置,其中有一个“当前位置”的概念,则返回0 。
该设备的当前读/写位置在内部保持由[QIODevice](qiodevice.html),所以重新实现这个功能是没有必要的。当子类[QIODevice](qiodevice.html),使用[QIODevice.seek](qiodevice.html#seek)( )通知[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)的变化在设备中的位置。
**See also** [isSequential](qiodevice.html#isSequential)()和[seek](qiodevice.html#seek)( ) 。
```
bool QIODevice.putChar (self, str c)
```
写入字符_c_到设备。成功时返回TRUE ,否则返回False 。
**See also** [write](qiodevice.html#write)( )[getChar](qiodevice.html#getChar)()和[ungetChar](qiodevice.html#ungetChar)( ) 。
```
str QIODevice.read (self, int maxlen)
```
阅读次数最多_maxSize_从设备到字节_data_,并返回读取的字节数。如果发生错误,则尝试从在打开的设备来读取时,如[WriteOnly](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)模式下,该函数返回-1 。
当没有更多的数据可供读取返回0。不过,过去读的流的末尾被认为是一个错误,所以这个函数返回-1在这种情况下(即,读一个已关闭的套接字或之后的过程已经去世) 。
**See also** [readData](qiodevice.html#readData)( )[readLine](qiodevice.html#readLine)()和[write](qiodevice.html#write)( ) 。
```
QByteArray QIODevice.readAll (self)
```
[
这是一个重载函数。
](qbytearray.html)
[从设备上读取所有可用的数据,并将其作为一个](qbytearray.html)[QByteArray](qbytearray.html)。
此函数没有办法报告错误;返回一个空QByteArray中( )可能意味着要么没有数据是目前可用于阅读,或发生了错误。
```
str QIODevice.readData (self, int maxlen)
```
这种方法是抽象的,应在任何子类中重新实现。
读取高达_maxSize_从设备到字节_data_,并返回读取的字节数或-1,如果发生了错误。
如果没有字节被读取并永远不会有更多可用的字节(例子包括插座关闭,管道关闭,子进程结束) ,该函数返回-1 。
调用此函数由[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)。创建的子类时重新实现此功能[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)。
当重新实现这个功能是很重要的,这个函数读取所有需要的数据,然后返回。这是必需的,以便[QDataStream](qdatastream.html)要能够对类进行操作。[QDataStream](qdatastream.html)假设所有请求的信息被读取,因此不会重试阅读,如果有问题。
**See also** [read](qiodevice.html#read)( )[readLine](qiodevice.html#readLine)()和[writeData](qiodevice.html#writeData)( ) 。
```
str QIODevice.readLine (self, int maxlen = 0)
```
该函数读取一行的从设备的ASCII字符,最多的_maxSize_ - 1个字节,存储在字符_data_,并返回读取的字节数。如果某行不能被读取,但没有错误发生,则该函数返回0 。如果发生错误,此函数返回什么可以读取的长度,或-1,如果没有被读取。
一个终端'\ 0'字节总是附加到_data_,所以_maxSize_必须大于1。
数据被读取,直到下列任一条件满足:
* The first '\n' character is read.
* _maxSize_ - 1 bytes are read.
* The end of the device data is detected.
例如,下面的代码读取一行从文件中的字符:
```
[QFile](qfile.html) file("box.txt");
if (file.open([QFile](qfile.html).ReadOnly)) {
char buf[1024];
[long](index.htm#qint64-typedef) lineLength = file.readLine(buf, sizeof(buf));
if (lineLength != -1) {
// the line is available in buf
}
}
```
换行符( '\ n')时包含在缓冲区中。如果一个换行符MAXSIZE之前没有遇到过 - 1字节被读取,换行不会被插入到缓冲区。在windows换行符替换为'\ n ' 。
此函数调用[readLineData](qiodevice.html#readLineData)( ) ,这是使用重复调用实现[getChar](qiodevice.html#getChar)( ) 。您可以通过重新实现提供更有效的实现[readLineData](qiodevice.html#readLineData)( )在自己的子类。
**See also** [getChar](qiodevice.html#getChar)( )[read](qiodevice.html#read)()和[write](qiodevice.html#write)( ) 。
```
str QIODevice.readLineData (self, int maxlen)
```
读取高达_maxSize_字符转换成_data_并返回读取的字符数。
调用此函数由[readLine](qiodevice.html#readLine)( ) ,并提供了其基本的实现,用[getChar](qiodevice.html#getChar)( ) 。缓冲装置可改善性能[readLine](qiodevice.html#readLine)( )通过重新实现此功能。
[readLine](qiodevice.html#readLine)( )添加一个'\ 0'字节_data_; readLineData ( )并不需要这样做。
如果你重新实现这个功能,要小心返回正确的值:它应该返回读取此行的字节数,包括终止换行符,或者0,如果没有行被读取了这一点。如果发生错误,它应该返回-1 ,当且仅当没有字节被读取。阅读过去的EOF被认为是一个错误。
```
bool QIODevice.reset (self)
```
搜索到输入的开始随机访问设备。成功时返回TRUE ,否则返回False (例如,如果设备没有打开) 。
使用时需要注意的是一[QTextStream](qtextstream.html)上一个[QFile](qfile.html),在调用复位( )[QFile](qfile.html)不会有预期的结果,因为[QTextStream](qtextstream.html)缓冲文件。使用[QTextStream.seek](qtextstream.html#seek)( )函数来代替。
**See also** [seek](qiodevice.html#seek)( ) 。
```
bool QIODevice.seek (self, int pos)
```
对于随机存取设备,此函数设置当前位置_pos_,返回True表示成功,或False,如果发生了错误。对于顺序的设备,默认的行为是什么都不做,返回False 。
当子类[QIODevice](qiodevice.html),你必须调用QIODevice.seek ( )在你的函数的开头,以确保与诚信[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)的内置缓冲。基实现总是返回True 。
**See also** [pos](qiodevice.html#pos)()和[isSequential](qiodevice.html#isSequential)( ) 。
```
QIODevice.setErrorString (self, QString errorString)
```
设置发生在最后一个设备错误的可读描述_str_。
**See also** [errorString](qiodevice.html#errorString)( ) 。
```
QIODevice.setOpenMode (self, OpenMode openMode)
```
设置[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)该设备的_openMode_。调用此函数来设置开放模式,如果该设备已被打开后旗更改。
**See also** [openMode](qiodevice.html#openMode)()和[OpenMode](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)。
```
QIODevice.setTextModeEnabled (self, bool enabled)
```
If _enabled_诚然,这个功能设置[Text](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)标志装置上,否则[Text](qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum)标志被清除。此功能对于提供定制行尾类的处理上很有用[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)。
IO设备应调用此函数之前被打开。
**See also** [isTextModeEnabled](qiodevice.html#isTextModeEnabled)( )[open](qiodevice.html#open)()和[setOpenMode](qiodevice.html#setOpenMode)( ) 。
```
int QIODevice.size (self)
```
为开放的随机存取设备,则该函数返回该装置的尺寸。对于打开的顺序设备,[bytesAvailable](qiodevice.html#bytesAvailable)( )返回。
如果设备被关闭,返回的大小不会反映设备的实际大小。
**See also** [isSequential](qiodevice.html#isSequential)()和[pos](qiodevice.html#pos)( ) 。
```
QIODevice.ungetChar (self, str c)
```
把字符_c_返回到设备,并减少当前位置,除非该位置为0 。此功能通常被称为“撤销”一[getChar](qiodevice.html#getChar)()操作,记录一个回溯解析器时,例如。
If _c_是不是从以前的设备读取,行为是未定义的。
```
bool QIODevice.waitForBytesWritten (self, int msecs)
```
用于缓冲的装置,该函数将等待直到缓冲写入的数据的有效载荷中已写入的装置和[bytesWritten](qiodevice.html#bytesWritten)()信号已被发出,或直到_msecs_毫秒过去了。如果毫秒为-1 ,此功能将不会超时。对于无缓冲装置,它会立即返回。
返回True如果数据的有效载荷被写入到设备,否则返回False (也就是说,如果操作超时,或者如果发生错误) 。
此功能可以操作没有一个事件循环。编写非GUI的应用程序和在非GUI线程执行I / O操作时,它是有用的。
如果从连接到一个时隙内的称为[bytesWritten](qiodevice.html#bytesWritten)( )信号,[bytesWritten](qiodevice.html#bytesWritten)( )将不会被重新发射。
重新实现这个函数提供一个阻塞的API自定义设备。默认实现不执行任何操作,并返回False 。
**Warning:**从主(图形用户界面)线程调用该函数可能会导致你的用户界面冻结。
**See also** [waitForReadyRead](qiodevice.html#waitForReadyRead)( ) 。
```
bool QIODevice.waitForReadyRead (self, int msecs)
```
阻塞,直到新的数据可供读取和[readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)()信号已被发出,或直到_msecs_毫秒过去了。如果毫秒为-1 ,此功能将不会超时。
如果新的数据可供读取,则返回True ,否则返回False (如果操作超时,或者如果发生错误) 。
此功能可以操作没有一个事件循环。编写非GUI的应用程序和在非GUI线程执行I / O操作时,它是有用的。
如果从连接到一个时隙内的称为[readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)( )信号,[readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)( )将不会被重新发射。
重新实现这个函数提供一个阻塞的API自定义设备。默认实现不执行任何操作,并返回False 。
**Warning:**从主(图形用户界面)线程调用该函数可能会导致你的用户界面冻结。
**See also** [waitForBytesWritten](qiodevice.html#waitForBytesWritten)( ) 。
```
int QIODevice.write (self, QByteArray data)
```
写在最_maxSize_数据从字节_data_到设备。返回实际写入的,或者-1如果发生错误的字节数。
**See also** [read](qiodevice.html#read)()和[writeData](qiodevice.html#writeData)( ) 。
```
int QIODevice.writeData (self, str data)
```
这种方法是抽象的,应在任何子类中重新实现。
写入速度达_maxSize_从字节_data_到设备。返回写入的字节数,或-1,如果发生了错误。
调用此函数由[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)。创建的子类时重新实现此功能[QIODevice](qiodevice.html)。
当重新实现这个功能是很重要的,这个函数将所有可用的返回之前的数据。这是必需的,以便[QDataStream](qdatastream.html)要能够对类进行操作。[QDataStream](qdatastream.html)假设所有的信息写入,因此不会重试写,如果有一个问题。
**See also** [read](qiodevice.html#read)()和[write](qiodevice.html#write)( ) 。
* * *
## Qt Signal Documentation
```
void aboutToClose ()
```
这是该信号的默认超载。
时,该设备在关闭这个信号被发射。如果您有需要装置关闭之前执行(例如,如果你有数据需要被写入到设备的单独缓冲器)操作连接这个信号。
```
void bytesWritten (qint64)
```
这是该信号的默认超载。
每一数据的有效载荷已经被写入到设备时,这个信号被发射。该_bytes_参数设置为写在这个有效载荷的字节数。
bytesWritten ( )是不是递归发出,如果你重新进入事件循环或致电[waitForBytesWritten](qiodevice.html#waitForBytesWritten)()连接到bytesWritten一个时隙内()信号,该信号将不会再发射(尽管[waitForBytesWritten](qiodevice.html#waitForBytesWritten)( )可能仍然返回True ) 。
**See also** [readyRead](qiodevice.html#readyRead)( ) 。
```
void readChannelFinished ()
```
这是该信号的默认超载。
当输入(读出)数据流在该装置关闭时,这个信号被发射。它刚一闭幕时探测的发射,这意味着仍有可能适用于读取数据[read](qiodevice.html#read)( ) 。
此功能被引入Qt的4.4 。
**See also** [atEnd](qiodevice.html#atEnd)()和[read](qiodevice.html#read)( ) 。
```
void readyRead ()
```
这是该信号的默认超载。
每一次新的数据是可用于从设备中读取这个信号被发射。它只会再次发出一次新的数据是可用的,比如当网络数据的一个新的有效载荷已经到达您的网络套接字,或者当一个新的数据块是否已经被添加到您的设备。
的readyRead ( )是不是递归发出,如果你重新进入事件循环或致电[waitForReadyRead](qiodevice.html#waitForReadyRead)()连接到所述的readyRead一个时隙内()信号,该信号将不会再发射(尽管[waitForReadyRead](qiodevice.html#waitForReadyRead)( )可能仍然返回True ) 。
注意执行从派生类开发商[QIODevice](qiodevice.html):你应该总是散发出的readyRead ( )时,新的数据已经到达(不散发这不仅是因为有数据仍然可以读取你的缓冲区) 。不要发出的readyRead ( )在其他条件。
**See also** [bytesWritten](qiodevice.html#bytesWritten)( ) 。
- PyQt4 中文文档
- PyQt Class Reference
- QAbstractAnimation Class Reference
- QAbstractButton Class Reference
- QAbstractEventDispatcher Class Reference
- QAbstractExtensionFactory Class Reference
- QAbstractExtensionManager Class Reference
- QAbstractFileEngine Class Reference
- QAbstractFileEngineHandler Class Reference
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- QFontComboBox Class Reference
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- QFontInfo Class Reference
- QFontMetrics Class Reference
- QFontMetricsF Class Reference
- QFormBuilder Class Reference
- QFormLayout Class Reference
- QFrame Class Reference
- QFSFileEngine Class Reference
- QFtp Class Reference
- QGenericArgument Class Reference
- QGenericReturnArgument Class Reference
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- QGestureEvent Class Reference
- QGestureRecognizer Class Reference
- QGL Class Reference
- QGLBuffer Class Reference
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- QGLFramebufferObject Class Reference
- QGLFramebufferObjectFormat Class Reference
- QGLPixelBuffer Class Reference
- QGLShader Class Reference
- QGLShaderProgram Class Reference
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- QGlyphRun Class Reference
- QGradient Class Reference
- QGraphicsAnchor Class Reference
- QGraphicsAnchorLayout Class Reference
- QGraphicsBlurEffect Class Reference
- QGraphicsColorizeEffect Class Reference
- QGraphicsDropShadowEffect Class Reference
- QGraphicsEffect Class Reference
- QGraphicsEllipseItem Class Reference
- QGraphicsGridLayout Class Reference
- QGraphicsItem Class Reference
- QGraphicsItemAnimation Class Reference
- QGraphicsItemGroup Class Reference
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- QIconDragEvent Class Reference
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- QImageWriter Class Reference
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- QIntValidator Class Reference
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- QLineEdit Class Reference
- QLineF Class Reference
- QListView Class Reference
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- QListWidgetItem Class Reference
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- QMatrix Class Reference
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- QMdiArea Class Reference
- QMdiSubWindow Class Reference
- QMenu Class Reference
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- QMimeData Class Reference
- QMimeSource Class Reference
- QModelIndex Class Reference
- QMouseEvent Class Reference
- QMouseEventTransition Class Reference
- QMoveEvent Class Reference
- QMovie Class Reference
- QMutex Class Reference
- QMutexLocker Class Reference
- QNetworkAccessManager Class Reference
- QNetworkAddressEntry Class Reference
- QNetworkCacheMetaData Class Reference
- QNetworkConfiguration Class Reference
- QNetworkConfigurationManager Class Reference
- QNetworkCookie Class Reference
- QNetworkCookieJar Class Reference
- QNetworkDiskCache Class Reference
- QNetworkInterface Class Reference
- QNetworkProxy Class Reference
- QNetworkProxyFactory Class Reference
- QNetworkProxyQuery Class Reference
- QNetworkReply Class Reference
- QNetworkRequest Class Reference
- QNetworkSession Class Reference
- QObject Class Reference
- QObjectCleanupHandler Class Reference
- QPageSetupDialog Class Reference
- QPaintDevice Class Reference
- QPaintEngine Class Reference
- QPaintEngineState Class Reference
- QPainter Class Reference
- QPainterPath Class Reference
- QPainterPathStroker Class Reference
- QPaintEvent Class Reference
- QPalette Class Reference
- QPanGesture Class Reference
- QParallelAnimationGroup Class Reference
- QPauseAnimation Class Reference
- QPen Class Reference
- QPersistentModelIndex Class Reference
- QPicture Class Reference
- QPictureIO Class Reference
- QPinchGesture Class Reference
- QPixmap Class Reference
- QPixmapCache Class Reference
- QPlainTextDocumentLayout Class Reference
- QPlainTextEdit Class Reference
- QPluginLoader Class Reference
- QPoint Class Reference
- QPointF Class Reference
- QPolygon Class Reference
- QPolygonF Class Reference
- QPrintDialog Class Reference
- QPrintEngine Class Reference
- QPrinter Class Reference
- QPrinterInfo Class Reference
- QPrintPreviewDialog Class Reference
- QPrintPreviewWidget Class Reference
- QProcess Class Reference
- QProcessEnvironment Class Reference
- QProgressBar Class Reference
- QProgressDialog Class Reference
- QPropertyAnimation Class Reference
- QProxyModel Class Reference
- QPushButton Class Reference
- QPyDeclarativePropertyValueSource Class Reference
- QPyDesignerContainerExtension Class Reference
- QPyDesignerCustomWidgetCollectionPlugin Class Reference
- QPyDesignerCustomWidgetPlugin Class Reference
- QPyDesignerMemberSheetExtension Class Reference
- QPyDesignerPropertySheetExtension Class Reference
- QPyDesignerTaskMenuExtension Class Reference
- QPyNullVariant Class Reference
- QPyTextObject Class Reference
- QQuaternion Class Reference
- QRadialGradient Class Reference
- QRadioButton Class Reference
- QRawFont Class Reference
- QReadLocker Class Reference
- QReadWriteLock Class Reference
- QRect Class Reference
- QRectF Class Reference
- QRegExp Class Reference
- QRegExpValidator Class Reference
- QRegion Class Reference
- QResizeEvent Class Reference
- QResource Class Reference
- QRubberBand Class Reference
- QRunnable Class Reference
- QScriptClass Class Reference
- QScriptClassPropertyIterator Class Reference
- QScriptContext Class Reference
- QScriptContextInfo Class Reference
- QScriptEngine Class Reference
- QScriptEngineAgent Class Reference
- QScriptEngineDebugger Class Reference
- QScriptString Class Reference
- QScriptSyntaxCheckResult Class Reference
- QScriptValue Class Reference
- QScriptValueIterator Class Reference
- QScrollArea Class Reference
- QScrollBar Class Reference
- QSemaphore Class Reference
- QSequentialAnimationGroup Class Reference
- QSessionManager Class Reference
- QSettings Class Reference
- QSharedMemory Class Reference
- QShortcut Class Reference
- QShortcutEvent Class Reference
- QShowEvent Class Reference
- QSignalMapper Class Reference
- QSignalTransition Class Reference
- QSimpleXmlNodeModel Class Reference
- QSize Class Reference
- QSizeF Class Reference
- QSizeGrip Class Reference
- QSizePolicy Class Reference
- QSlider Class Reference
- QSocketNotifier Class Reference
- QSortFilterProxyModel Class Reference
- QSound Class Reference
- QSourceLocation Class Reference
- QSpacerItem Class Reference
- QSpinBox Class Reference
- QSplashScreen Class Reference
- QSplitter Class Reference
- QSplitterHandle Class Reference
- QSql Class Reference
- QSqlDatabase Class Reference
- QSqlDriver Class Reference
- QSqlDriverCreatorBase Class Reference
- QSqlError Class Reference
- QSqlField Class Reference
- QSqlIndex Class Reference
- QSqlQuery Class Reference
- QSqlQueryModel Class Reference
- QSqlRecord Class Reference
- QSqlRelation Class Reference
- QSqlRelationalDelegate Class Reference
- QSqlRelationalTableModel Class Reference
- QSqlResult Class Reference
- QSqlTableModel Class Reference
- Qt4.7文档翻译:Qt样式单参考,Qt Style Sheets Reference
- QSsl Class Reference
- QSslCertificate Class Reference
- QSslCipher Class Reference
- QSslConfiguration Class Reference
- QSslError Class Reference
- QSslKey Class Reference
- QSslSocket Class Reference
- QStackedLayout Class Reference
- QStackedWidget Class Reference
- QStandardItem Class Reference
- QStandardItemModel Class Reference
- QState Class Reference
- QStateMachine Class Reference
- QStaticText Class Reference
- QStatusBar Class Reference
- QStatusTipEvent Class Reference
- QString Class Reference
- QStringList Class Reference
- QStringListModel Class Reference
- QStringMatcher Class Reference
- QStringRef Class Reference
- QStyle Class Reference
- QStyledItemDelegate Class Reference
- QStyleFactory Class Reference
- QStyleHintReturn Class Reference
- QStyleHintReturnMask Class Reference
- QStyleHintReturnVariant Class Reference
- QStyleOption Class Reference
- QStyleOptionButton Class Reference
- QStyleOptionComboBox Class Reference
- QStyleOptionComplex Class Reference
- QStyleOptionDockWidget Class Reference
- QStyleOptionDockWidgetV2 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionFocusRect Class Reference
- QStyleOptionFrame Class Reference
- QStyleOptionFrameV2 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionFrameV3 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionGraphicsItem Class Reference
- QStyleOptionGroupBox Class Reference
- QStyleOptionHeader Class Reference
- QStyleOptionMenuItem Class Reference
- QStyleOptionProgressBar Class Reference
- QStyleOptionProgressBarV2 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionRubberBand Class Reference
- QStyleOptionSizeGrip Class Reference
- QStyleOptionSlider Class Reference
- QStyleOptionSpinBox Class Reference
- QStyleOptionTab Class Reference
- QStyleOptionTabBarBase Class Reference
- QStyleOptionTabBarBaseV2 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionTabV2 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionTabV3 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionTabWidgetFrame Class Reference
- QStyleOptionTabWidgetFrameV2 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionTitleBar Class Reference
- QStyleOptionToolBar Class Reference
- QStyleOptionToolBox Class Reference
- QStyleOptionToolBoxV2 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionToolButton Class Reference
- QStyleOptionViewItem Class Reference
- QStyleOptionViewItemV2 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionViewItemV3 Class Reference
- QStyleOptionViewItemV4 Class Reference
- QStylePainter Class Reference
- QSvgGenerator Class Reference
- QSvgRenderer Class Reference
- QSvgWidget Class Reference
- QSwipeGesture Class Reference
- QSyntaxHighlighter Class Reference
- QSysInfo Class Reference
- QSystemLocale Class Reference
- QSystemSemaphore Class Reference
- QSystemTrayIcon Class Reference
- Qt Class Reference
- QTabBar Class Reference
- QTabletEvent Class Reference
- QTableView Class Reference
- QTableWidget Class Reference
- QTableWidgetItem Class Reference
- QTableWidgetSelectionRange Class Reference
- QTabWidget Class Reference
- QTapAndHoldGesture Class Reference
- QTapGesture Class Reference
- QTcpServer Class Reference
- QTcpSocket Class Reference
- QTemporaryFile Class Reference
- QTest Class Reference
- QTextBlock Class Reference
- QTextBlockFormat Class Reference
- QTextBlockGroup Class Reference
- QTextBlockUserData Class Reference
- QTextBoundaryFinder Class Reference
- QTextBrowser Class Reference
- QTextCharFormat Class Reference
- QTextCodec Class Reference
- QTextCursor Class Reference
- QTextDecoder Class Reference
- QTextDocument Class Reference
- QTextDocumentFragment Class Reference
- QTextDocumentWriter Class Reference
- QTextEdit Class Reference
- QTextEncoder Class Reference
- QTextFormat Class Reference
- QTextFragment Class Reference
- QTextFrame Class Reference
- QTextFrameFormat Class Reference
- QTextImageFormat Class Reference
- QTextInlineObject Class Reference
- QTextItem Class Reference
- QTextLayout Class Reference
- QTextLength Class Reference
- QTextLine Class Reference
- QTextList Class Reference
- QTextListFormat Class Reference
- QTextObject Class Reference
- QTextObjectInterface Class Reference
- QTextOption Class Reference
- QTextStream Class Reference
- QTextTable Class Reference
- QTextTableCell Class Reference
- QTextTableCellFormat Class Reference
- QTextTableFormat Class Reference
- QThread Class Reference
- QThreadPool Class Reference
- QTime Class Reference
- QTimeEdit Class Reference
- QTimeLine Class Reference
- QTimer Class Reference
- QTimerEvent Class Reference
- QToolBar Class Reference
- QToolBox Class Reference
- QToolButton Class Reference
- QToolTip Class Reference
- QTouchEvent Class Reference
- Reference
- QTransform Class Reference
- QTranslator Class Reference
- QTreeView Class Reference
- QTreeWidget Class Reference
- QTreeWidgetItem Class Reference
- QTreeWidgetItemIterator Class Reference
- QUdpSocket Class Reference
- QUndoCommand Class Reference
- QUndoGroup Class Reference
- QUndoStack Class Reference
- QUndoView Class Reference
- QUrl Class Reference
- QUrlInfo Class Reference
- QUuid Class Reference
- QValidator Class Reference
- QVariant Class Reference
- QVariantAnimation Class Reference
- QVBoxLayout Class Reference
- QVector2D Class Reference
- QVector3D Class Reference
- QVector4D Class Reference
- QVideoFrame Class Reference
- QVideoSurfaceFormat Class Reference
- QWaitCondition Class Reference
- QWebDatabase Class Reference
- QWebElement Class Reference
- QWebElementCollection Class Reference
- QWebFrame Class Reference
- QWebHistory Class Reference
- QWebHistoryInterface Class Reference
- QWebHistoryItem Class Reference
- QWebHitTestResult Class Reference
- QWebInspector Class Reference
- QWebPage Class Reference
- QWebPluginFactory Class Reference
- QWebSecurityOrigin Class Reference
- QWebSettings Class Reference
- QWebView Class Reference
- QWhatsThis Class Reference
- QWhatsThisClickedEvent Class Reference
- QWheelEvent Class Reference
- QWidget Class Reference
- QWidgetAction Class Reference
- QWidgetItem Class Reference
- QWindowStateChangeEvent Class Reference
- QWizard Class Reference
- QWizardPage Class Reference
- QWorkspace Class Reference
- QWriteLocker Class Reference
- QX11EmbedContainer Class Reference
- QX11EmbedWidget Class Reference
- QX11Info Class Reference
- QXmlAttributes Class Reference
- QXmlContentHandler Class Reference
- QXmlDeclHandler Class Reference
- QXmlDefaultHandler Class Reference
- QXmlDTDHandler Class Reference
- QXmlEntityResolver Class Reference
- QXmlErrorHandler Class Reference
- QXmlFormatter Class Reference
- QXmlInputSource Class Reference
- QXmlItem Class Reference
- QXmlLexicalHandler Class Reference
- QXmlLocator Class Reference
- QXmlName Class Reference
- QXmlNamePool Class Reference
- QXmlNamespaceSupport Class Reference
- QXmlNodeModelIndex Class Reference
- QXmlParseException Class Reference
- QXmlQuery Class Reference
- QXmlReader Class Reference
- QXmlResultItems Class Reference
- QXmlSchema Class Reference
- QXmlSchemaValidator Class Reference
- QXmlSerializer Class Reference
- QXmlSimpleReader Class Reference
- QXmlStreamAttribute Class Reference
- QXmlStreamAttributes Class Reference
- QXmlStreamEntityDeclaration Class Reference
- QXmlStreamEntityResolver Class Reference
- QXmlStreamNamespaceDeclaration Class Reference
- QXmlStreamNotationDeclaration Class Reference
- QXmlStreamReader Class Reference
- QXmlStreamWriter Class Reference