http — HTTP 模块 · Python3.7.3官方文档简体中文

### 导航 - [索引](../genindex.xhtml "总目录") - [模块](../py-modindex.xhtml "Python 模块索引") | - [下一页](http.client.xhtml "http.client --- HTTP协议客户端") | - [上一页](urllib.robotparser.xhtml "urllib.robotparser --- Parser for robots.txt") | - ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/a721fc7ec672275e257bbbfde49a4d4e_16x16.png) - [Python](https://www.python.org/) » - zh\_CN 3.7.3 [文档](../index.xhtml) » - [Python 标准库](index.xhtml) » - [互联网协议和支持](internet.xhtml) » - $('.inline-search').show(0); | # [`http`](#module-http "http: HTTP status codes and messages") --- HTTP 模块 **源代码:** [Lib/http/\_\_init\_\_.py](https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.7/Lib/http/__init__.py) \[https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.7/Lib/http/\_\_init\_\_.py\] - - - - - - [`http`](#module-http "http: HTTP status codes and messages") 是一个包，它收集了多个用于处理超文本传输协议的模块: - [`http.client`](http.client.xhtml#module-http.client "http.client: HTTP and HTTPS protocol client (requires sockets).") 是一个低层级的 HTTP 协议客户端；对于高层级的 URL 访问请使用 [`urllib.request`](urllib.request.xhtml#module-urllib.request "urllib.request: Extensible library for opening URLs.") - [`http.server`](http.server.xhtml#module-http.server "http.server: HTTP server and request handlers.") 包含基于 [`socketserver`](socketserver.xhtml#module-socketserver "socketserver: A framework for network servers.") 的基本 HTTP 服务类 - [`http.cookies`](http.cookies.xhtml#module-http.cookies "http.cookies: Support for HTTP state management (cookies).") 包含一些有用来实现通过 cookies 进行状态管理的工具 - [`http.cookiejar`](http.cookiejar.xhtml#module-http.cookiejar "http.cookiejar: Classes for automatic handling of HTTP cookies.") 提供了 cookies 的持久化 [`http`](#module-http "http: HTTP status codes and messages") 也是一个通过 [`http.HTTPStatus`](#http.HTTPStatus "http.HTTPStatus") 枚举定义了一些 HTTP 状态码以及相关联消息的模块 *class* `http.``HTTPStatus`3\.5 新版功能. [`enum.IntEnum`](enum.xhtml#enum.IntEnum "enum.IntEnum") 的子类，它定义了组 HTTP 状态码，原理短语以及用英语书写的长描述文本。用法: ``` >>> from http import HTTPStatus >>> HTTPStatus.OK <HTTPStatus.OK: 200> >>> HTTPStatus.OK == 200 True >>> http.HTTPStatus.OK.value 200 >>> HTTPStatus.OK.phrase 'OK' >>> HTTPStatus.OK.description 'Request fulfilled, document follows' >>> list(HTTPStatus) [<HTTPStatus.CONTINUE: 100>, <HTTPStatus.SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS: 101>, ...] ``` ## HTTP 状态码已支持并且已在 [`http.HTTPStatus`](#http.HTTPStatus "http.HTTPStatus") [IANA 注册](https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes.xhtml) \[https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes.xhtml\] 的状态码有：状态码映射名详情 `100` `CONTINUE` HTTP/1.1 [**RFC 7231**](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231.html) \[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231.html\], Section 6.2.1 `101` `SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS` HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.2 `102` `PROCESSING` WebDAV RFC 2518, Section 10.1 `200` `OK` HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.1 `201` `CREATED` HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.2 `202` `ACCEPTED` HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.3 `203` `NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION` HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.4 `204` `NO_CONTENT` HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.5 `205` `RESET_CONTENT` HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.6 `206` `PARTIAL_CONTENT` HTTP/1.1 RFC 7233, Section 4.1 `207` `MULTI_STATUS` WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.1 `208` `ALREADY_REPORTED` WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.1 (Experimental) `226` `IM_USED` Delta Encoding in HTTP RFC 3229, Section 10.4.1 `300` `MULTIPLE_CHOICES`：有多种资源可选择 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.1 `301` `MOVED_PERMANENTLY`：永久移动 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.2 `302` `FOUND`：临时移动 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.3 `303` `SEE_OTHER`：已经移动 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.4 `304` `NOT_MODIFIED`：没有修改 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.1 `305` `USE_PROXY`：使用代理 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.5 `307` `TEMPORARY_REDIRECT`：临时重定向 HTTP/1.1 [**RFC 7231**](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231.html) \[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231.html\], Section 6.4.7 `308` `PERMANENT_REDIRECT`：永久重定向 Permanent Redirect [**RFC 7238**](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7238.html) \[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7238.html\], Section 3 (Experimental) `400` `BAD_REQUEST`：错误请求 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.1 `401` `UNAUTHORIZED`：未授权 HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.1 `402` `PAYMENT_REQUIRED`：保留，将来使用 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.2 `403` `FORBIDDEN`：禁止 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.3 `404` `NOT_FOUND`：没有找到 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.4 `405` `METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED`：该请求方法不允许 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.5 `406` `NOT_ACCEPTABLE`：不可接受 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.6 `407` `PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED`：要求使用代理验证身份 HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.1 `408` `REQUEST_TIMEOUT`：请求超时 HTTP/1.1 [**RFC 7231**](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231.html) \[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231.html\], Section 6.5.7 `409` `CONFLICT`：冲突 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.8 `410` `GONE`：已经不在了 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.9 `411` `LENGTH_REQUIRED`：长度要求 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.10 `412` `PRECONDITION_FAILED`：前提条件错误 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.2 `413` `REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE`：请求体太大了 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.11 `414` `REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG`：请求URI太长了 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.12 `415` `UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE`：不支持的媒体格式 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.13 `416` `REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE` HTTP/1.1 Range Requests RFC 7233, Section 4.4 `417` `EXPECTATION_FAILED`：期望失败 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.14 `421` `MISDIRECTED_REQUEST` HTTP/2 [**RFC 7540**](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7540.html) \[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7540.html\], Section 9.1.2 `422` `UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY`：可加工实体 WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.2 `423` `LOCKED`：锁着 WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.3 `424` `FAILED_DEPENDENCY`：失败的依赖 WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.4 `426` `UPGRADE_REQUIRED`：升级需要 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.15 `428` `PRECONDITION_REQUIRED`：先决条件要求 Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585 `429` `TOO_MANY_REQUESTS`：太多的请求 Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585 `431` `REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE`：请求头太大 Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585 `500` `INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR`：内部服务错误 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.1 `501` `NOT_IMPLEMENTED`：不可执行 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.2 `502` `BAD_GATEWAY`：无效网关 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.3 `503` `SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE`：服务不可用 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.4 `504` `GATEWAY_TIMEOUT`：网关超时 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.5 `505` `HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED`：HTTP版本不支持 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.6 `506` `VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES`：服务器存在内部配置错误透明内容协商在： HTTP [**RFC 2295**](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2295.html) \[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2295.html\], Section 8.1 (实验性的) `507` `INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE`：存储不足 WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.5 `508` `LOOP_DETECTED`：循环检测 WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.2 (Experimental) `510` `NOT_EXTENDED`：不扩展 WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.2 (Experimental) `511` `NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED`：要求网络身份验证 Additional HTTP Status Codes [**RFC 6585**](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6585.html) \[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6585.html\], Section 6 为了保持向后兼容性，枚举值也以常量形式出现在 [`http.client`](http.client.xhtml#module-http.client "http.client: HTTP and HTTPS protocol client (requires sockets).") 模块中，。枚举名等于常量名 (例如 `http.HTTPStatus.OK` 也可以是 `http.client.OK`)。在 3.7 版更改: 添加了 `421 MISDIRECTED_REQUEST` 状态码。 ### 导航 - [索引](../genindex.xhtml "总目录") - [模块](../py-modindex.xhtml "Python 模块索引") | - [下一页](http.client.xhtml "http.client --- HTTP协议客户端") | - [上一页](urllib.robotparser.xhtml "urllib.robotparser --- Parser for robots.txt") | - ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/a721fc7ec672275e257bbbfde49a4d4e_16x16.png) - [Python](https://www.python.org/) » - zh\_CN 3.7.3 [文档](../index.xhtml) » - [Python 标准库](index.xhtml) » - [互联网协议和支持](internet.xhtml) » - $('.inline-search').show(0); | © [版权所有](../copyright.xhtml) 2001-2019, Python Software Foundation. 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