### 导航 - [索引](../genindex.xhtml "总目录") - [模块](../py-modindex.xhtml "Python 模块索引") | - [下一页](crypto.xhtml "加密服务") | - [上一页](xdrlib.xhtml "xdrlib --- Encode and decode XDR data") | -  - [Python](https://www.python.org/) » - zh\_CN 3.7.3 [文档](../index.xhtml) » - [Python 标准库](index.xhtml) » - [文件格式](fileformats.xhtml) » - $('.inline-search').show(0); | # [`plistlib`](#module-plistlib "plistlib: Generate and parse Mac OS X plist files.") --- Generate and parse Mac OS X `.plist` files **Source code:** [Lib/plistlib.py](https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.7/Lib/plistlib.py) \[https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.7/Lib/plistlib.py\] - - - - - - This module provides an interface for reading and writing the "property list" files used mainly by Mac OS X and supports both binary and XML plist files. The property list (`.plist`) file format is a simple serialization supporting basic object types, like dictionaries, lists, numbers and strings. Usually the top level object is a dictionary. To write out and to parse a plist file, use the [`dump()`](#plistlib.dump "plistlib.dump") and [`load()`](#plistlib.load "plistlib.load") functions. To work with plist data in bytes objects, use [`dumps()`](#plistlib.dumps "plistlib.dumps")and [`loads()`](#plistlib.loads "plistlib.loads"). Values can be strings, integers, floats, booleans, tuples, lists, dictionaries (but only with string keys), [`Data`](#plistlib.Data "plistlib.Data"), [`bytes`](stdtypes.xhtml#bytes "bytes"), `bytesarray`or [`datetime.datetime`](datetime.xhtml#datetime.datetime "datetime.datetime") objects. 在 3.4 版更改: New API, old API deprecated. Support for binary format plists added. 参见 [PList manual page](https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/PropertyLists/) \[https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/PropertyLists/\]Apple's documentation of the file format. 这个模块定义了以下函数： `plistlib.``load`(*fp*, *\**, *fmt=None*, *use\_builtin\_types=True*, *dict\_type=dict*)Read a plist file. *fp* should be a readable and binary file object. Return the unpacked root object (which usually is a dictionary). The *fmt* is the format of the file and the following values are valid: - [`None`](constants.xhtml#None "None"): Autodetect the file format - [`FMT_XML`](#plistlib.FMT_XML "plistlib.FMT_XML"): XML file format - [`FMT_BINARY`](#plistlib.FMT_BINARY "plistlib.FMT_BINARY"): Binary plist format If *use\_builtin\_types* is true (the default) binary data will be returned as instances of [`bytes`](stdtypes.xhtml#bytes "bytes"), otherwise it is returned as instances of [`Data`](#plistlib.Data "plistlib.Data"). The *dict\_type* is the type used for dictionaries that are read from the plist file. XML data for the [`FMT_XML`](#plistlib.FMT_XML "plistlib.FMT_XML") format is parsed using the Expat parser from [`xml.parsers.expat`](pyexpat.xhtml#module-xml.parsers.expat "xml.parsers.expat: An interface to the Expat non-validating XML parser.") -- see its documentation for possible exceptions on ill-formed XML. Unknown elements will simply be ignored by the plist parser. The parser for the binary format raises `InvalidFileException`when the file cannot be parsed. 3\.4 新版功能. `plistlib.``loads`(*data*, *\**, *fmt=None*, *use\_builtin\_types=True*, *dict\_type=dict*)Load a plist from a bytes object. See [`load()`](#plistlib.load "plistlib.load") for an explanation of the keyword arguments. 3\.4 新版功能. `plistlib.``dump`(*value*, *fp*, *\**, *fmt=FMT\_XML*, *sort\_keys=True*, *skipkeys=False*)Write *value* to a plist file. *Fp* should be a writable, binary file object. The *fmt* argument specifies the format of the plist file and can be one of the following values: - [`FMT_XML`](#plistlib.FMT_XML "plistlib.FMT_XML"): XML formatted plist file - [`FMT_BINARY`](#plistlib.FMT_BINARY "plistlib.FMT_BINARY"): Binary formatted plist file When *sort\_keys* is true (the default) the keys for dictionaries will be written to the plist in sorted order, otherwise they will be written in the iteration order of the dictionary. When *skipkeys* is false (the default) the function raises [`TypeError`](exceptions.xhtml#TypeError "TypeError")when a key of a dictionary is not a string, otherwise such keys are skipped. A [`TypeError`](exceptions.xhtml#TypeError "TypeError") will be raised if the object is of an unsupported type or a container that contains objects of unsupported types. An [`OverflowError`](exceptions.xhtml#OverflowError "OverflowError") will be raised for integer values that cannot be represented in (binary) plist files. 3\.4 新版功能. `plistlib.``dumps`(*value*, *\**, *fmt=FMT\_XML*, *sort\_keys=True*, *skipkeys=False*)Return *value* as a plist-formatted bytes object. See the documentation for [`dump()`](#plistlib.dump "plistlib.dump") for an explanation of the keyword arguments of this function. 3\.4 新版功能. The following functions are deprecated: `plistlib.``readPlist`(*pathOrFile*)Read a plist file. *pathOrFile* may be either a file name or a (readable and binary) file object. Returns the unpacked root object (which usually is a dictionary). This function calls [`load()`](#plistlib.load "plistlib.load") to do the actual work, see the documentation of [`that function`](#plistlib.load "plistlib.load") for an explanation of the keyword arguments. 3\.4 版后已移除: Use [`load()`](#plistlib.load "plistlib.load") instead. 在 3.7 版更改: Dict values in the result are now normal dicts. You no longer can use attribute access to access items of these dictionaries. `plistlib.``writePlist`(*rootObject*, *pathOrFile*)Write *rootObject* to an XML plist file. *pathOrFile* may be either a file name or a (writable and binary) file object 3\.4 版后已移除: Use [`dump()`](#plistlib.dump "plistlib.dump") instead. `plistlib.``readPlistFromBytes`(*data*)Read a plist data from a bytes object. Return the root object. See [`load()`](#plistlib.load "plistlib.load") for a description of the keyword arguments. 3\.4 版后已移除: Use [`loads()`](#plistlib.loads "plistlib.loads") instead. 在 3.7 版更改: Dict values in the result are now normal dicts. You no longer can use attribute access to access items of these dictionaries. `plistlib.``writePlistToBytes`(*rootObject*)Return *rootObject* as an XML plist-formatted bytes object. 3\.4 版后已移除: Use [`dumps()`](#plistlib.dumps "plistlib.dumps") instead. The following classes are available: *class* `plistlib.``Data`(*data*)Return a "data" wrapper object around the bytes object *data*. This is used in functions converting from/to plists to represent the `<data>` type available in plists. It has one attribute, `data`, that can be used to retrieve the Python bytes object stored in it. 3\.4 版后已移除: Use a [`bytes`](stdtypes.xhtml#bytes "bytes") object instead. The following constants are available: `plistlib.``FMT_XML`The XML format for plist files. 3\.4 新版功能. `plistlib.``FMT_BINARY`The binary format for plist files 3\.4 新版功能. ## 示例 Generating a plist: ``` pl = dict( aString = "Doodah", aList = ["A", "B", 12, 32.1, [1, 2, 3]], aFloat = 0.1, anInt = 728, aDict = dict( anotherString = "<hello & hi there!>", aThirdString = "M\xe4ssig, Ma\xdf", aTrueValue = True, aFalseValue = False, ), someData = b"<binary gunk>", someMoreData = b"<lots of binary gunk>" * 10, aDate = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time.mktime(time.gmtime())), ) with open(fileName, 'wb') as fp: dump(pl, fp) ``` Parsing a plist: ``` with open(fileName, 'rb') as fp: pl = load(fp) print(pl["aKey"]) ``` ### 导航 - [索引](../genindex.xhtml "总目录") - [模块](../py-modindex.xhtml "Python 模块索引") | - [下一页](crypto.xhtml "加密服务") | - [上一页](xdrlib.xhtml "xdrlib --- Encode and decode XDR data") | -  - [Python](https://www.python.org/) » - zh\_CN 3.7.3 [文档](../index.xhtml) » - [Python 标准库](index.xhtml) » - [文件格式](fileformats.xhtml) » - $('.inline-search').show(0); | © [版权所有](../copyright.xhtml) 2001-2019, Python Software Foundation. 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