# 7.1.4 Android HTTP请求方式:HttpClient ## 本节引言： > 在上一节中我们对HttpURLConnection进行了学习，本节到第二种方式：HttpClient，尽管被Google 弃用了，但是我们我们平时也可以拿HttpClient来抓下包，配合Jsoup解析网页效果更佳！HttpClient 用于接收/发送Http请求/响应，但不缓存服务器响应，不执行HTML页面潜入的JS代码，不会对页面内容 进行任何解析，处理！开始本节内容！ ## 1.HttpClient使用流程 **基本流程**：  ## 2.HttpClient使用示例 ### 1）使用HttpClient发送GET请求 直接贴下简单的发送Get请求的代码： ``` public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener { private Button btnGet; private WebView wView; public static final int SHOW_DATA = 0X123; private String detail = ""; private Handler handler = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(Message msg) { if(msg.what == SHOW_DATA) { wView.loadDataWithBaseURL("",detail, "text/html","UTF-8",""); } }; }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); setView(); } private void initView() { btnGet = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnGet); wView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.wView); } private void setView() { btnGet.setOnClickListener(this); wView.getSettings().setDomStorageEnabled(true); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (v.getId() == R.id.btnGet) { GetByHttpClient(); } } private void GetByHttpClient() { new Thread() { public void run() { try { HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.w3cschool.cc/python/python-tutorial.html"); HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet); if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); detail = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"); handler.sendEmptyMessage(SHOW_DATA); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }; }.start(); } } ``` **运行截图**  另外，如果是带有参数的GET请求的话，我们可以将参数放到一个List集合中，再对参数进行URL编码， 最后和URL拼接下就好了： ``` List<BasicNameValuePair> params = new LinkedList<BasicNameValuePair>(); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("user", "猪小弟")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pawd", "123")); String param = URLEncodedUtils.format(params, "UTF-8"); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com"+"?"+param); ``` ### 2）使用HttpClient发送POST请求 > POST请求比GET稍微复杂一点，创建完HttpPost对象后，通过NameValuePair集合来存储等待提交 的参数，并将参数传递到UrlEncodedFormEntity中，最后调用setEntity(entity)完成， HttpClient.execute(HttpPost)即可；这里就不写例子了，暂时没找到Post的网站，又不想 自己写个Servlet，So,直接贴核心代码吧~ **核心代码**: ``` private void PostByHttpClient(final String url) { new Thread() { public void run() { try{ HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("user", "猪大哥")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pawd", "123")); UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"); httpPost.setEntity(entity); HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { HttpEntity entity2 = httpResponse.getEntity(); detail = EntityUtils.toString(entity2, "utf-8"); handler.sendEmptyMessage(SHOW_DATA); } }catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} }; }.start(); } ``` ## 3.HttpClient抓数据示例(教务系统数据抓取) > 其实关于HttpClient的例子有很多，比如笔者曾经用它来抓学校教务系统上学生的课程表: 这就涉及到Cookie，模拟登陆的东西，说到抓数据(爬虫)，一般我们是搭配着JSoup来解析 抓到数据的，有兴趣可以自己查阅相关资料，这里贴下笔者毕设app里获取网页部分的关键 代码！大家可以体会下： HttpClient可以通过下述代码获取与设置Cookie： **HttpResponse loginResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(getLogin);** 获得Cookie:**cookie = loginResponse.getFirstHeader("Set-Cookie").getValue();** 请求时带上Cookie**:httpPost.setHeader("Cookie", cookie);** ``` //获得链接,模拟登录的实现: public int getConnect(String user, String key) throws Exception { // 先发送get请求 获取cookie值和__ViewState值 HttpGet getLogin = new HttpGet(true_url); // 第一步:主要的HTML: String loginhtml = ""; HttpResponse loginResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(getLogin); if (loginResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { HttpEntity entity = loginResponse.getEntity(); loginhtml = EntityUtils.toString(entity); // 获取响应的cookie值 cookie = loginResponse.getFirstHeader("Set-Cookie").getValue(); System.out.println("cookie= " + cookie); } // 第二步:模拟登录 // 发送Post请求,禁止重定向 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(true_url); httpPost.getParams().setParameter(ClientPNames.HANDLE_REDIRECTS, false); // 设置Post提交的头信息的参数 httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"); httpPost.setHeader("Referer", true_url); httpPost.setHeader("Cookie", cookie); // 设置请求数据 List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("__VIEWSTATE", getViewState(loginhtml)));// __VIEWSTATE参数，如果变化可以动态抓取获取 params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("Button1", "")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("hidPdrs", "")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("hidsc", "")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("lbLanguage", "")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("RadioButtonList1", "%D1%A7%C9%FA")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("txtUserName", user)); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("TextBox2", key)); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("txtSecretCode", "")); // ( ╯□╰ )逗比正方,竟然不需要验证码 // 设置编码方式,响应请求,获取响应状态码: httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "gb2312")); HttpResponse response = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpPost); int Status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if(Status == 200)return Status; System.out.println("Status= " + Status); // 重定向状态码为302 if (Status == 302 || Status == 301) { // 获取头部信息中Location的值 location = response.getFirstHeader("Location").getValue(); System.out.println(location); // 第三步:获取管理信息的主页面 // Get请求 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(ip_url + location);// 带上location地址访问 httpGet.setHeader("Referer", true_url); httpGet.setHeader("Cookie", cookie); // 主页的html mainhtml = ""; HttpResponse httpResponseget = new DefaultHttpClient() .execute(httpGet); if (httpResponseget.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { HttpEntity entity = httpResponseget.getEntity(); mainhtml = EntityUtils.toString(entity); } } return Status; } ``` ## 4.使用HttpPut发送Put请求 **示例代码如下**： ``` public static int PutActCode(String actCode, String licPlate, Context mContext) { int resp = 0; String cookie = (String) SPUtils.get(mContext, "session", ""); HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut(PUTACKCODE_URL); httpPut.setHeader("Cookie", cookie); try { List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("activation_code", actCode)); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("license_plate", licPlate)); httpPut.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "UTF-8")); HttpResponse course_response = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpPut); if (course_response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { HttpEntity entity2 = course_response.getEntity(); JSONObject jObject = new JSONObject(EntityUtils.toString(entity2)); resp = Integer.parseInt(jObject.getString("status_code")); return resp; } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return resp; } ``` ## 本节小结： > 好的，本节关于Android HTTP的第二种请求方式:HttpClient就到这里， 下节开始我们来学习XML以及Json的解析，本节就到这里，谢谢~