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# 9.3 使用Camera拍照 ## 本节引言 本节给大家带来的是Android中Camera的使用,简单点说就是拍照咯,无非两种: 1.调用系统自带相机拍照,然后获取拍照后的图片 2.要么自己写个拍照页面 本节我们来写两个简单的例子体验下上面的这两种情况~ ## 1.调用系统自带Carema 我们只需下面一席话语,即可调用系统相机,相机拍照后会返回一个intent给onActivityResult。 intent的extra部分包含一个编码过的Bitmap~ ``` Intent it = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); startActivityForResult(it,Activity.DEFAULT_KEYS_DIALER); //重写onActivityResult方法 @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if(requestCode == Activity.RESULT_OK){ Bundle bundle = data.getExtras(); Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) bundle.get("data"); img_show.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } } ``` **运行效果图**: ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/74058012.jpg) ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/20683940.jpg) 这模糊的AV画质...毕竟是编码过后的Bitmap,对了,拍完的图片是不会保存到本地的, 我们可以自己写代码把图片保存到我们的SD卡里,然后再显示,这样的图片会清晰很多, 嗯,我们写代码来试下~ ``` //定义一个保存图片的File变量 private File currentImageFile = null; //在按钮点击事件处写上这些东西,这些是在SD卡创建图片文件的: @Override public void onClick(View v) { File dir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"pictures"); if(dir.exists()){ dir.mkdirs(); } currentImageFile = new File(dir,System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg"); if(!currentImageFile.exists()){ try { currentImageFile.createNewFile(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } Intent it = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); it.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(currentImageFile)); startActivityForResult(it, Activity.DEFAULT_KEYS_DIALER); } //onActivityResult: @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == Activity.DEFAULT_KEYS_DIALER) { img_show.setImageURI(Uri.fromFile(currentImageFile)); } } ``` 好的,非常简单,我们来看下运行结果: ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/54594474.jpg) ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/21056381.jpg) ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/12067558.jpg) 相比起上面那个清晰多了~调用系统自带Carema就是这么简单~ ## 2.自己写一个拍照页面 这里我们需要用一个SurfaceView作为我们的预览界面,使用起来同一非常简单! **运行效果图**: ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/71508156.jpg) **代码实现**: 布局代码:**activity_main.xml**:一个简单的surfaceView + Button ``` <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <SurfaceView android:id="@+id/sfv_preview" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_take" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="调用系统照相机" /> </LinearLayout> ``` **MainActivity.java**: ``` public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private SurfaceView sfv_preview; private Button btn_take; private Camera camera = null; private SurfaceHolder.Callback cpHolderCallback = new SurfaceHolder.Callback() { @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { startPreview(); } @Override public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) { } @Override public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { stopPreview(); } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); bindViews(); } private void bindViews() { sfv_preview = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.sfv_preview); btn_take = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_take); sfv_preview.getHolder().addCallback(cpHolderCallback); btn_take.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { camera.takePicture(null, null, new Camera.PictureCallback() { @Override public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) { String path = ""; if ((path = saveFile(data)) != null) { Intent it = new Intent(MainActivity.this, PreviewActivity.class); it.putExtra("path", path); startActivity(it); } else { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "保存照片失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } }); } }); } //保存临时文件的方法 private String saveFile(byte[] bytes){ try { File file = File.createTempFile("img",""); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file); fos.write(bytes); fos.flush(); fos.close(); return file.getAbsolutePath(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return ""; } //开始预览 private void startPreview(){ camera = Camera.open(); try { camera.setPreviewDisplay(sfv_preview.getHolder()); camera.setDisplayOrientation(90); //让相机旋转90度 camera.startPreview(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } //停止预览 private void stopPreview() { camera.stopPreview(); camera.release(); camera = null; } } ``` 最后是另外一个PreviewActivity.java,这里将图片显示到界面上而已~ ``` /** * Created by Jay on 2015/11/22 0022. */ public class PreviewActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); ImageView img = new ImageView(this); String path = getIntent().getStringExtra("path"); if(path != null){ img.setImageURI(Uri.fromFile(new File(path))); } setContentView(img); } } ``` 嗯,都非常简单哈,别忘了加上权限: ``` <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> ``` 另外,有一点要说的就是假如carema没有释放掉的话,那么下次调用carema就不会报错, 报错内容是:java.lang.RuntimeException:fail to connect to camera service 所以,需要对Carema进行release();假如一直报上面的错误,请重启手机~ ## 3.本节示例代码下载 [CaremaDemo1.zip](http://static.runoob.com/download/CaremaDemo1.zip) [CaremaDemo2.zip](http://static.runoob.com/download/CaremaDemo2.zip) ## 本节小结 > 好的,本节给大家讲解了如何去调用系统自带相机获取拍照后的图片,以及自己写Carema来 完成自定义相机,嘿嘿,在某些场合下我们不需要拍照预览界面,我们直接把弄一个悬浮框, 然后点击悬浮框,就触发拍照事件,这不就可以实现什么不知鬼不觉的拍摄了么?(偷拍) ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/6026176.jpg)嘿嘿,有点意思,要嗨自己动手写代码~