[TOC] ## 定义模型(并新增一张表) ### 创建 APP `django-admin startapp TestModel ` 输出的目录结构 ``` HelloWorld |-- TestModel | |-- __init__.py | |-- admin.py | |-- models.py | |-- tests.py | `-- views.py ``` TestModel/models.py ```python from django.db import models # 类名代表了数据库表名 class Test(models.Model): # 代表数据表中的字段(name) name = models.CharField(max_length=20) ``` > 注意:若没有在主键,那么在生成文件中会自动创建主键 `settings.py`中找到`INSTALLED_APPS`这一项 ``` INSTALLED_APPS = ( 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'TestModel', # 添加此项 ) ``` ### 生成数据库 ``` python manage.py makemigrations [TestModel] python manage.py migrate [TestModel] ``` ### 测试写入数据库 `urls.py`: ``` from django.conf.urls import * from . import testdb urlpatterns = [ url(r'^testdb$', testdb.testdb), ] ``` HelloWorld/HelloWorld/testdb.py ``` from django.http import HttpResponse from TestModel.models import Test # 数据库操作 def testdb(request): test1 = Test(name='runoob') test1.save() return HttpResponse("<p>数据添加成功！</p>") ``` 访问 : `http://127.0.0.1:8000/testdb` 生成数据库 ### 打印sql ``` python manage.py sqlmigrate blog 0001 -0001即migrations目录生成的id #输出 CREATE TABLE "blog_article" ("id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "title" varchar(32) NOT NULL, "content" text NULL); ``` ### 更新字段并同步数据库 TestModel/models.py ``` from django.db import models #类名代表了数据库表名 class Test(models.Model): # 代表数据表中的字段(name) name = models.CharField(max_length=20) age = models.IntegerField(default=0) # 新增 ``` 执行 ``` python manage.py makemigrations [TestModel] python manage.py migrate [TestModel] ```