.htaccess 场景 · PHP/Python/前端/Linux 等等学习笔记

[TOC] ## .htaccess中配置的场景 ### 自定义错误页面在`.htaccess` 中 ``` ErrorDocument 404 /404.html ErrorDocument 500 /500.htm ``` ### 限制迅雷通过特征分析,限制迅雷访问 ``` RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} 2.0.50727 [NC,OR] --如果是迅雷在HTTP_USER_AGNET中就有2.0.50727 RewrtieCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^BlackWido ^BlackWido [NC,OR] RewriteRule . /demo.txt ``` ### 防盗链不显示图片 ``` RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.demo.com/.*$ [NC] RewriteRule \.(gif|jpg|png)$ –[F,NC] ``` 显示禁止的图片 ``` RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.demo.com/.*$ [NC] RewriteRule \.(gif|jpg|png)$ localhost/demo/2.jpg [R] ``` ### 带post 的参数转发到其他域名 > [参数](https://blog.csdn.net/mengzuchao/article/details/80593789) 可在`.htaccess` 中配置 `RewriteRule ^(Api/User/get_dept_id)$ http://192.168.0.123:82/$1 [L,R=301,P]` 并且加载 `http.conf`的两个模块 ``` LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so ``` ### 重定向指定url 开启 `mod_proxy.so`与`mod_proxy_http.so` ``` ProxyPass /imapp/depts http://127.0.0.1:8081/imapp/depts ProxyPass /api/dept/op_record http://127.0.0.1:8081/api/dept/op_record ``` ### URL所有重定向 ``` RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [QSA,PT,L] ``` //可添加判断,是否开启重写模块 ``` <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [QSA,PT,L] </IfModule> ``` ### 永久 /临时重定向 301-永久重定向 302-临时重定向 ``` Redirect permanent index.php home.php #永久重定向 Redirect temp index.php home.php #临时重定向 ``` ### 重定向移动设备 ``` RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/m/.*$ RewriteCond %{HTTP_ACCEPT} "text/vnd.wap.wml|application/vnd.wap.xhtml+xml" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "acs|alav|alca|amoi|audi|aste|avan|benq|bird|blac|blaz|brew|cell|cldc|cmd-" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "dang|doco|eric|hipt|inno|ipaq|java|jigs|kddi|keji|leno|lg-c|lg-d|lg-g|lge-" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "maui|maxo|midp|mits|mmef|mobi|mot-|moto|mwbp|nec-|newt|noki|opwv" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "palm|pana|pant|pdxg|phil|play|pluc|port|prox|qtek|qwap|sage|sams|sany" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "sch-|sec-|send|seri|sgh-|shar|sie-|siem|smal|smar|sony|sph-|symb|t-mo" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "teli|tim-|tosh|tsm-|upg1|upsi|vk-v|voda|w3cs|wap-|wapa|wapi" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "wapp|wapr|webc|winw|winw|xda|xda-" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "up.browser|up.link|windowssce|iemobile|mini|mmp" [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "symbian|midp|wap|phone|pocket|mobile|pda|psp" [NC] #------------- The line below excludes the iPad RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} !^.*iPad.*$ #------------- RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} !macintosh [NC] #*SEE NOTE BELOW RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /m/ [L,R=302] ``` ### 强制浏览器下载指定的文件类型你可以强制浏览器下载某些类型的文件，而不是读取并打开这些文件，例如MP3、XLS。 ``` <Files *.xls> ForceType application/octet-stream Header set Content-Disposition attachment </Files> <Files *.eps> ForceType application/octet-stream Header set Content-Disposition attachment </Files> ``` ### 使用.htaccess缓存给网站提速调试时谷歌浏览器需要关闭缓存开关 ``` # 1 YEAR <FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|flv)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=29030400, public" </FilesMatch> # 1 WEEK <FilesMatch "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|swf)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public" </FilesMatch> # 2 DAYS <FilesMatch "\.(xml|txt|css|js)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=172800, proxy-revalidate" </FilesMatch> # 1 MIN <FilesMatch "\.(html|htm|php)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=60, private, proxy-revalidate" </FilesMatch> ``` ### 404页面跳转，跳转到404.php，根据url记录不存在页面的路径 ``` <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} POST RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} .wp-comments-post\.php* RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !.*yourdomainname.* [OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^$ RewriteRule (.*) ^http://%{REMOTE_ADDR}/$ [R=301,L] </IfModule> ``` ### 只允许 get,post 请求 apache 2.4版本中 ``` <LimitExcept GET POST> Require all denied </LimitExcept> ```