# Cloud deployment
> 原文:[https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/cloud_deployment/](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/cloud_deployment/)
* [AWS](#aws)
* [Run AWS commands from GitLab CI/CD](#run-aws-commands-from-gitlab-cicd)
* [Use an AWS Elastic Container Registry (ECR) image in your CI/CD](#use-an-aws-elastic-container-registry-ecr-image-in-your-cicd)
* [Deploy your application to the AWS Elastic Container Service (ECS)](#deploy-your-application-to-the-aws-elastic-container-service-ecs)
# Cloud deployment[](#cloud-deployment "Permalink")
与主要的云提供商进行交互可能已成为交付过程中非常需要的任务. GitLab 通过提供预安装了所需库和工具的 Docker 映像,减轻了这一过程的麻烦. 通过在 CI / CD 管道中引用它们,您将能够更轻松地与所选的云提供商进行交互.
## AWS[](#aws "Permalink")
GitLab 提供了可用于[从 GitLab CI / CD 运行 AWS 命令的](#run-aws-commands-from-gitlab-cicd) Docker 映像,并提供了一个模板,以使其更易于[部署到 AWS](#deploy-your-application-to-the-aws-elastic-container-service-ecs) .
### Run AWS commands from GitLab CI/CD[](#run-aws-commands-from-gitlab-cicd "Permalink")
在 GitLab 12.6 中[引入](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/31167) .
GitLab 的 AWS Docker 映像提供了[AWS Command Line Interface](https://aws.amazon.com/cli/) ,可让您运行`aws`命令. 作为部署策略的一部分,您可以通过指定[GitLab 的 AWS Docker 映像](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy)直接从`.gitlab-ci.yml`运行`aws`命令.
需要一些凭据才能运行`aws`命令:
1. 如果您还没有[一个 AWS 账户](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/getting-set-up.html) ,请注册一个.
2. 登录到控制台并创建[一个新的 IAM 用户](https://console.aws.amazon.com/iam/home#/home) .
3. 选择您新创建的用户以访问其详细信息. 导航到**安全凭证>创建新的访问密钥** .
**注意:**将生成新的**访问密钥 ID**和**秘密访问密钥**对. 请立即记录下来.
4. 在您的 GitLab 项目中,转到**"设置">" CI / CD"** . 将以下内容设置为[环境变量](../variables/README.html#gitlab-cicd-environment-variables) (请参见下表):
* 访问密钥 ID.
* 秘密访问密钥.
* 地区代码. 您可以检查[AWS 区域终端节点列表](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/rande.html#regional-endpoints) . 您可能想要检查要使用的 AWS 服务[在所选区域中](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/regional-product-services/)是否[可用](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/regional-product-services/) .
| 环保 变量名 | Value |
| --- | --- |
| `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` | 您的访问密钥 ID |
| `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` | 您的秘密访问密钥 |
| `AWS_DEFAULT_REGION` | 您的地区代码 |
5. 现在,您可以在此项目的`.gitlab-ci.yml`文件中使用`aws`命令:
```
deploy:
stage: deploy
image: registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-base:latest # see the note below
script:
- aws s3 ...
- aws create-deployment ...
```
**注意:**上例中使用的映像( `registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-base:latest` )托管在[GitLab 容器注册表中](../../user/packages/container_registry/index.html) ,可以使用. 或者,将映像替换为 AWS ECR 上托管的映像.
### Use an AWS Elastic Container Registry (ECR) image in your CI/CD[](#use-an-aws-elastic-container-registry-ecr-image-in-your-cicd "Permalink")
除了引用托管在 GitLab 注册表上的映像外,您还可以引用托管在任何第三方注册表上的映像,例如[Amazon Elastic Container Registry(ECR)](https://aws.amazon.com/ecr/) .
为此, [将映像推送到 ECR 存储库中](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECR/latest/userguide/docker-push-ecr-image.html) . 然后在`.gitlab-ci.yml`文件中引用它,并替换`image`路径以指向您的 ECR 图像.
### Deploy your application to the AWS Elastic Container Service (ECS)[](#deploy-your-application-to-the-aws-elastic-container-service-ecs "Permalink")
在 GitLab 12.9 中[引入](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/207962) .
GitLab 提供了一系列[CI 模板,您可以将其包含在项目中](../yaml/README.html#include) . 要自动将应用程序部署到[Amazon Elastic Container Service](https://aws.amazon.com/ecs/) (AWS ECS)集群,您可以在`.gitlab-ci.yml`文件中`include` `Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml`模板.
GitLab 还提供了可在您的`gitlab-ci.yml`文件中使用的[Docker 映像](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/-/tree/master/aws) ,以简化使用 AWS 的工作:
* 使用`registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-base:latest`以使用 AWS CLI 命令.
* 使用`registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-ecs:latest`将您的应用程序部署到 AWS ECS.
在开始此过程之前,您需要 AWS ECS 上的集群以及相关组件,例如 ECS 服务,ECS 任务定义,AWS RDS 上的数据库等. [了解有关 AWS ECS 的更多信息](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/developerguide/Welcome.html) .
在 AWS ECS 上完成所有设置后,请执行以下步骤:
1. 确保将您的 AWS 凭证设置为项目的环境变量. 您可以按照[上述步骤](#run-aws-commands-from-gitlab-cicd)完成此设置.
2. Add these variables to your project’s `.gitlab-ci.yml` file:
```
variables:
CI_AWS_ECS_CLUSTER: my-cluster
CI_AWS_ECS_SERVICE: my-service
CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION: my-task-definition
```
Three variables are defined in this snippet:
* `CI_AWS_ECS_CLUSTER` :您要为部署目标的 AWS ECS 集群的名称.
* `CI_AWS_ECS_SERVICE` :绑定到您的 AWS ECS 集群的目标服务的名称.
* `CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION` :与上述服务绑定的任务定义的名称.
您可以在[AWS ECS 仪表板上](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ecs/home)选择目标集群后找到这些名称:
[![AWS ECS dashboard](https://img.kancloud.cn/5d/3c/5d3c5010a2a2ec418d4ab78a5c9e052f_1826x739.png)](../img/ecs_dashboard_v12_9.png)
3. 将此模板包括在`.gitlab-ci.yml` :
```
include:
- template: AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml
```
`Deploy-ECS`模板随 GitLab 一起提供[,](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml)可[在 GitLab.com 上获得](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml) .
4. 提交更新的`.gitlab-ci.yml`并将其推送到项目的存储库中,您就完成了!
您的应用程序 Docker 映像将被重建并推送到 GitLab 注册表中. 然后,目标任务定义将使用新 Docker 映像的位置进行更新,结果将在 ECS 中创建新的修订版.
最后,您的 AWS ECS 服务将使用任务定义的新修订版进行更新,从而使群集提取应用程序的最新版本.
**警告:** [`Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml)模板包括[`Jobs/Build.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Jobs/Build.gitlab-ci.yml)和[`Jobs/Deploy/ECS.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Jobs/Deploy/ECS.gitlab-ci.yml) "子模板". 不要单独包括这些"子模板",而仅包括主`Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml`模板. "子模板"旨在仅与主模板一起使用. 如果不包括主模板,它们可能会移动或发生意外更改,从而导致您的管道失败. 此外,这些模板中的作业名称可能会更改. 不要在您自己的管道中覆盖这些作业的名称,因为当名称更改时,覆盖将停止工作.
另外,如果您不希望使用`Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml`模板部署到 AWS ECS,则始终可以使用基于`aws-base` Docker 映像[为 ECS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ecs/index.html#cli-aws-ecs)运行您自己的[AWS CLI 命令](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ecs/index.html#cli-aws-ecs) .
```
deploy:
stage: deploy
image: registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-base:latest
script:
- aws ecs register-task-definition ...
```
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- Testing Rails migrations at GitLab
- Testing Rake tasks
- End-to-end Testing
- Beginner's guide to writing end-to-end tests
- End-to-end testing Best Practices
- Dynamic Element Validation
- Flows in GitLab QA
- Page objects in GitLab QA
- Resource class in GitLab QA
- Style guide for writing end-to-end tests
- Testing with feature flags
- Translate GitLab to your language
- Internationalization for GitLab
- Translating GitLab
- Proofread Translations
- Merging translations from CrowdIn
- Value Stream Analytics development guide
- GitLab subscription
- Activate GitLab EE with a license