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# Java 中的局部变量 > 原文: [https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/core-java-tutorial/local-variable-in-java/](https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/core-java-tutorial/local-variable-in-java/) 让我们进一步了解 Java 中的局部变量。 在 Java 程序的方法中声明的变量称为局部变量。 ## 局部变量规则 * 局部变量不能使用任何[访问级别](https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/core-java-tutorial/access-modifier-in-java/ "Access Modifiers in Java"),因为它的范围仅在方法内部。 * `final`是唯一可以应用于局部变量的[非访问修饰符](https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/core-java-tutorial/non-access-modifiers-in-java/ "Non Access Modifiers in Java")。 * 局部变量未分配默认值,因此需要对其进行初始化。 ## 局部变量示例 ```java package com.jbt; /* * Here we will discuss about different type of Variables available in Java */ public class VariablesInJava { /* * Below variable is INSTANCE VARIABLE as it is outside any method and it is * not using STATIC modifier with it. It is using default access modifier. * To know more about ACCESS MODIFIER visit appropriate section */ int instanceField; /* * Below variable is STATIC variable as it is outside any method and it is * using STATIC modifier with it. It is using default access modifier. To * know more about ACCESS MODIFIER visit appropriate section */ static String staticField; public void method() { /* * Below variable is LOCAL VARIABLE as it is defined inside method in * class. Only modifier that can be applied on local variable is FINAL. * To know more about access and non access modifier visit appropriate * section. * * Note* : Local variable needs to initialize before they can be used. * Which is not true for Static or Instance variable. */ final String localVariable = "Initial Value"; System.out.println(localVariable); } public static void main(String args[]) { VariablesInJava obj = new VariablesInJava(); /* * Instance variable can only be accessed by Object of the class only as below. */ System.out.println(obj.instanceField); /* * Static field can be accessed in two way. * 1- Via Object of the class * 2- Via CLASS name */ System.out.println(obj.staticField); System.out.println(VariablesInJava.staticField); } } ``` ```java public class UserController { // Instance variable private String outsideVariable; public void setLength() { //Local variable String localVariable = "0"; // In order to use below line local variable needs to be initialzed System.out.println("Value of the localVariable is-"+localVariable); } } ``` ## 命名约定 命名局部变量没有特定的规则。 所有变量规则都适用于局部变量。 下面提到的是命名局部变量的规则。 * 变量名称区分大小写。 * 局部变量的长度没有限制。 * 如果变量名只有一个单词,则所有字符均应小写。 ### 重点 * 局部变量不能使用任何访问级别,因为它们仅存在于方法内部。 * `Final`是唯一可以应用于局部变量的非访问修饰符。 * 局部变量没有默认值,因此必须先启动局部变量,然后才能使用它们。