# Paul Buchheit > `[00:00:03]` Very very excited to introduce our next speaker Paul Buchheit is a one of my partners at Y Combinator. `[00:00:03]` 非常兴奋地介绍我们的下一位发言者 Paul Buchheit 是我在 Y Combinator 的合伙人之一。 > He also was one of the very early employees at Google. 他也是谷歌早期雇员之一。 > Where he\'s known as the inventor of Gmail and the creator of the don\'t be evil motto. 在那里，他被称为 Gmail 的发明者，也是“不要成为邪恶箴言”的创建者。 > Also started a startup shortly after leaving Google called FriendFeed which was acquired by Facebook. 在离开谷歌后不久，还创办了一家名为 FriendFeed 的初创公司，该公司被 Facebook 收购。 > My favorite thing about Paul though is that he was an early angel investor in Justin not TV and really helped keep us alive in the early days. 不过，我对保罗最喜欢的一点是，他是贾斯汀(而非电视)的早期天使投资人，在早期帮助我们活了下来。 > So please welcome Paul Buchheit to the stage. 所以请欢迎保罗·布切特上台。 > Hey. 嘿 > Justin. 贾斯汀 > And. 和 > `[00:00:54]` Thank all of you. `[00:00:54]` 谢谢大家。 > I\'m very excited to be here. 我很兴奋能来这里。 > London is. 伦敦是。 > An amazing city. 一座神奇的城市。 > Those. 那些 > Eager to come speak here just if for no other reason than to visit. 我很想来这里讲话，如果没有别的原因，只是想去拜访一下。 > But it\'s good to talk to all of you. 但很高兴能和你们所有人谈谈。 > So you\'ve heard a lot of great startup advice today and this is going to be something else. 所以你今天听到了很多很棒的创业建议，这将是另一回事。 > `[00:01:14]` So I often advise startups that it\'s better to seek deep appeal to create something that a few people love. `[00:01:14]` 所以我经常建议创业公司，最好是寻求深深的吸引力来创造一些人喜欢的东西。 > Even if most people don\'t get it right away. 即使大多数人都不明白。 > In that spirit I\'ve decided to share the technology and dreams that matter to me with the hope that it will be very appealing to the right person. 本着这种精神，我决定分享对我重要的技术和梦想，希望它对合适的人非常有吸引力。 > This is after all a business defined by outliers. 毕竟，这是一个由离群值定义的业务。 > Someone in this room is going to create something very important. 这个房间里的人会创造一些非常重要的东西。 > That\'s the person I\'m hoping to reach. 这就是我希望联系到的人。 > We talk a lot about technology and its ability to transform and improve the world. 我们谈论了很多关于技术及其改造和改善世界的能力。 > But technology is more than just the transistors and algorithms. 但技术不仅仅是晶体管和算法。 > Those are just patterns on silicon. 这些只是硅上的图案。 > The technology that really drives the world are the patterns in your head. 真正驱动这个世界的技术就是你头脑中的模式。 > Those are the patterns that give rise to the patterns and silicon patterns in our society and our whole concept of reality. 正是这些模式在我们的社会和我们整个现实的概念中产生了模式和硅模式。 > Change those patterns and you change your world. 改变这些模式你就能改变你的世界。 > Maybe not overnight. 也许不是一夜之间。 > But like steering the rudder on a great ship a small change now makes a big difference. 但是，就像在一艘大船上操纵舵一样，一个小小的改变现在就产生了很大的不同。 > Later. 后来 > We often sweat life\'s big decisions with little decisions that matter the most. 我们经常为生活中的重大决定而汗流浃背，而那些最重要的决定却很少。 > And the ones we make thousands of times a day often without even realizing it. 而那些我们一天做几千次却没有意识到的事情。 > The big decisions are the inevitable result of the small decisions. 重大决策是小决策的必然结果。 > They steered the ship into port created the conditions that gave rise to the situation. 他们把船驶进港口，创造了造成这种情况的条件。 > And then perhaps we feel that our hand has been forced. 然后也许我们觉得我们的手是被迫的。 > The big decision must be made. 必须作出重大决定。 > But really was made by the thousands of small decisions leading up to it. 但实际上是由成千上万的小决定导致的。 > We all know the power of default. 我们都知道违约的力量。 > This is about my default. 这是关于我的默认。 > The things I. 我的东西。 > Try to keep top of mind. 试着保持头脑清醒。 > And return to when I\'m stuck confused or doubtful. 回到我被困住、困惑或怀疑的时候。 > It\'s an effort to tune in improve my patterns my technology. 这是一种努力，以改善我的模式，我的技术。 > First I don\'t know anything. 首先我什么都不知道。 > That\'s a warning. 那是个警告。 > If you take this all on my authority then you\'re missing the point. 如果你把这一切都交给我的话，那你就错了。 > You must own your own programming. 你必须拥有自己的程序。 > Also it\'s the first pattern. 这也是第一种模式。 > If I believe that I already know the answer and possess the truth. 如果我相信我已经知道答案并掌握了真相。 > That I\'m not genuinely open to learning larger truths. 我并不真正愿意学习更大的真理。 > This is the danger of experience. 这是经验的危险。 > We already know better. 我们已经很清楚了。 > We already know that an idea or business won\'t work. 我们已经知道，一个想法或业务是行不通的。 > This is one reason that naive young founders are often the ones who start the most successful companies. 这就是为什么天真的年轻创始人往往是最成功的公司创始人的原因之一。 > They just don\'t know any better and they\'re often too arrogant to listen to those who do. 他们只是不知道什么更好，他们往往太傲慢，不听谁的。 > I don\'t want to downplay the value experience. 我不想低估这种价值体验。 > This whole event is about sharing and learning from the experiences of others. 这整个活动是关于分享和学习他人的经验。 > But don\'t be limited by our experiences. 但不要被我们的经验所限制。 > Just because it didn\'t work in the past doesn\'t mean it won\'t work in the future. 仅仅因为它在过去不起作用，并不意味着它在将来不起作用。 > Likewise what worked before may not work again. 同样，以前起作用的东西也可能不再起作用。 > This is especially important for startup founders. 对于初创企业的创始人来说，这一点尤为重要。 > The best opportunities live in our collective blindspots most. 最好的机会生活在我们的集体盲点中。 > They appear to be bad ideas are simply unimportant. 它们似乎是糟糕的想法，根本就不重要。 > If everyone could see the opportunity someone else would have already taken it. 如果每个人都能看到这个机会，别人早就抓住了。 > In 1997 Larry and Sergei tried to sell Google for a million dollars. 1997 年，拉里和谢尔盖试图以 100 万美元的价格出售谷歌。 > Fortunately there were unable to find a buyer. 幸运的是，没有找到买主。 > The conventional wisdom of the time was that search was neither important nor valuable. 当时的传统观点是，搜索既不重要，也不宝贵。 > Of course experience isn\'t the only danger. 当然，经验不是唯一的危险。 > Dogma and ideology are even worse. 教条和意识形态更糟糕。 > They provide us with the answers and put boundaries around our thinking. 它们为我们提供了答案，并为我们的思维设置了界限。 > Ignoring the dogma invites ridicule or even punishment. 无视教条会招致嘲笑甚至惩罚。 > I suspect that\'s why more ideological societies are less innovative. 我怀疑这就是为什么更多的意识形态社会不那么创新。 > If we aren\'t free to wander outside the realms of the conventional thinking. 如果我们不能自由地游离于常规思维的领域之外。 > Then we won\'t happen upon the opportunities that others have missed. 这样我们就不会碰上别人错过的机会。 > Escaping dogmas hard. 难以逃避教条。 > From the inside. 从里面。 > It simply looks like truth and reality. 它看起来就像真理和现实。 > Watch out for any belief that limits the range of your thinking and exploration. 注意任何限制你思考和探索范围的信念。 > This includes logic and reason. 这包括逻辑和理性。 > They are useful tools but just as often work to keep us trapped inside of exclusionary belief systems. 它们是有用的工具，但也常常使我们陷入排他性信仰体系中。 > If you believe yourself to be a rational person. 如果你相信自己是一个理性的人。 > Then you\'re in the trap. 那你就被困在陷阱里了。 > To be innovative in our work. 在我们的工作中保持创新。 > We need to evade the limitations of established thinking. 我们需要回避既定思维的局限性。 > Which brings me to the second pattern. 这就引出了第二种模式。 > Kill all demon processes. 杀死所有恶魔过程。 > For those of you who aren\'t familiar with operating system internals demons are computer programs that run in the background performing various services often invisible to the user. 对于那些不熟悉操作系统的人来说，内部恶魔是在后台运行的计算机程序，它们执行着用户通常看不到的各种服务。 > Sometimes they get out of control and start consuming all of the machines memory processor or other computing resources. 有时，它们失去控制，开始消耗所有机器、内存、处理器或其他计算资源。 > This is one reason why your computer or phone often works better after a reboot. 这就是为什么你的电脑或手机在重启后工作得更好的原因之一。 > I like this analogy for the same kinds of loops that operate in our brains like when a song gets stuck in your head. 我喜欢这个比喻，因为在我们的大脑中，同样的循环在运作，就像一首歌被困在你的脑子里。 > The more insidious loops are the voices of doubt anger and self loathing that infect our minds. 更阴险的循环是怀疑、愤怒和自我厌恶的声音，它们感染了我们的心灵。 > Often they are the internalized voices of our parents peers the media. 他们往往是我们的父母、同行、媒体的内化声音。 > Or just random people on the Internet. 或者只是随便上网的人。 > Other times they pose as their own voice possibly one that has been there for as long as we can remember. 其他时候，他们假装自己的声音，可能是一个已经存在了很久，我们可以记住的声音。 > Either way these loops are often parasitic and limiting. 无论哪种方式，这些循环通常都是寄生的和有限的。 > Any time we take a risk or move in a new direction. 任何时候我们都会冒风险或者朝着一个新的方向前进。 > They are there to doubt and criticize us. 他们在那里怀疑和批评我们。 > Any time we seek to escape dogma. 任何时候我们都想逃避教条。 > They are there to ridicule and condemn us. 他们在那里嘲笑和谴责我们。 > Creating an innovative new product often means spending years working on something that most people doubt the value of. 创造一种创新的新产品通常意味着要花很多年的时间去做一些大多数人怀疑其价值的事情。 > Is hard to do that with a head full of noise voices telling us that we\'re being foolish and that we should just cut our losses. 要做到这一点很难用一个充满噪音的头脑告诉我们，我们是愚蠢的，我们应该减少我们的损失。 > Before we launch Jemal. 在我们发射 Jemal 之前。 > Many people inside of Google thought that the whole project should be scrapped. 谷歌内部的许多人认为，整个项目应该取消。 > One notable executive predicted that we would never even get to a million users. 一位著名的高管预测，我们甚至永远无法接触到 100 万用户。 > We can\'t let those people drag us down. 我们不能让那些人把我们拖垮。 > In order to grow. 为了成长。 > Be free and reclaim our mental resources. 自由并收回我们的精神资源。 > It helps to clear out those voices. 清除那些声音是有帮助的。 > It\'s simple yet very difficult because they\'ll keep coming back. 这很简单，但很困难，因为他们会不断地回来。 > But with practice we get better. 但通过练习我们会变得更好。 > `[00:07:05]` Right now. `[00:07:05]` 现在。 > Stop. 停，停止 > Observe your breath. 注意呼吸。 > And enjoy a moment of stillness in your mind. 在你的脑海中享受片刻的宁静。 > The voices that keep interrupting the silence are the runaway processes. 不断打断沉默的声音是失控的过程。 > Keep dismissing them until there aren\'t any left. 继续解雇他们直到没有剩下的。 > `[00:07:24]` Our days are full of spare moments instead of filling them with Flappy Bird or Facebook. `[00:07:24]` 我们的每一天都是空余的时刻，而不是用 FlappyBird 或 Facebook 来填满它们。 > Take the opportunity to finally Kallman clear mind. 抓住这个机会终于让卡尔曼头脑清醒了。 > Even if you don\'t always succeed. 即使你并不总是成功。 > It\'s the practice that matters. 重要的是实践。 > Walking in nature also helps. 在大自然中行走也有帮助。 > The voices will resist of course continuing to assert their own importance as one way they survive. 当然，这些声音会抵制继续强调自己的重要性，认为这是他们生存的一种方式。 > My response. 我的回答。 > `[00:07:46]` Yes and thank you. `[00:07:46]` 是的，谢谢。 > `[00:07:49]` That\'s the third pattern. `[00:07:49]` 这是第三种模式。 > Life rarely goes the way we want it to. 生活很少像我们所希望的那样。 > When we\'re taking risks and trying something new we should expect that it often won\'t work out the way we had planned. 当我们冒着风险，尝试一些新的东西时，我们应该期望它不会按照我们计划的方式完成。 > And even if we try to keep our lives narrow and risk free. 即使我们试图让我们的生活变得狭小和无风险。 > Things still don\'t work out the way we had planned. 事情仍然不像我们计划的那样。 > We can get angry and frustrated and stuck. 我们会变得愤怒、沮丧和陷入困境。 > Or we can accept and move forward assuming that whatever happened is somehow for the best. 或者，我们可以接受并向前迈进，假设发生的一切都是出于某种原因。 > I found that this is a great predictor of success among startups. 我发现这是创业成功的一个很好的预测因素。 > They all face setbacks but some are able to take those setbacks and use them to their advantage. 他们都面临挫折，但有些人能够抓住这些挫折，并利用他们的优势。 > Others just keep slamming their head against the same wall never making any real progress. 另一些人只是不断地把头撞在同一堵墙上，从来没有取得任何真正的进展。 > Uber has been rather masterful at this. 优步在这方面相当在行。 > Here in London they turn the taxi strike into a huge growth opportunity for themselves. 在伦敦，他们把出租车罢工变成了一个巨大的增长机会。 > In my own life I\'ve observed that many of the best things are rooted in some of the worst events. 在我自己的生活中，我观察到许多最好的事情都植根于一些最糟糕的事件。 > I would not have one without the other. 我不会有一个没有另一个。 > But this is about the small decisions more than the big ones. 但这更多的是关于小的决定，而不是大的决定。 > Everyday is full of setbacks and disappointments but I do my best to say. 每一天都充满挫折和失望，但我尽力说。 > Yes and thank you. 是的，谢谢。 > Accepting it as a gift however improbable that may seem at the time. 接受它作为礼物，不管当时看起来多么不可能。 > This pattern has an almost magical way of transforming reality and maintaining the forward flow of life. 这种模式几乎有一种神奇的方式来改变现实，保持生活的向前流动。 > The ability to accept a greater range of outcomes opens the door to pattern number four. 接受更多结果的能力打开了通往第四种模式的大门。 > `[00:09:11]` Choose the more interesting path. `[00:09:11]` 选择更有趣的路径。 > `[00:09:15]` You know what. `[00:09:15]` 你知道吗。 > I had slides. 我有幻灯片。 > Laughter. 笑声。 > `[00:09:31]` I don\'t know anything. `[00:09:31]` 我什么都不知道。 > Laughter clearly. 笑得很清楚。 > I also didn\'t make these slides. 我也没有制作这些幻灯片。 > Kevin did it for me. 凯文为我做的。 > Kill all demon processes. 杀死所有恶魔过程。 > Yes and thank you. 是的，谢谢。 > Two of the more interesting path. 两条更有趣的路。 > People often decide. 人们经常决定。 > `[00:09:49]` People often ask how I decide which startups to invest in. `[00:09:49]` 人们经常问我如何决定投资哪一家初创公司。 > There\'s no simple answer. 没有简单的答案。 > But this is a big part of it. 但这是很大一部分。 > When I heard about just TV in early 2007. 当我在 2007 年初听说电视的时候。 > My first response was to laugh and ask if they were serious. 我的第一反应是大笑，问他们是不是认真的。 > They said yes. 他们答应了。 > So I offered to invest. 所以我主动提出投资。 > The plan at the time was for Justin Kohn That\'s. 当时的计划是贾斯汀·科恩的。 > Dustan who is just up here to attach a camera to his head and stream it live on the internet 24/7. 杜斯坦就在上面，把一台相机挂在头上，每天 24 小时在网上直播。 > It seemed a little insane. 看上去有点疯狂。 > But I was very curious to find out what would happen. 但我很想知道会发生什么。 > I found that kind of interesting this is a very useful signal. 我觉得很有趣，这是一个非常有用的信号。 > The immediate answer to what would happen was a lot of people trolling Justin. 对于将要发生的事情，最直接的答案是很多人在骚扰贾斯汀。 > `[00:10:31]` Next they added the ability for anyone to stream their lives. `[00:10:31]` 接下来，他们增加了任何人的生命流的能力。 > Most of it was boring or possibly illegal. 大部分都是无聊的或者可能是违法的。 > But one thing really caught on video game streaming. 但有一件事在视频游戏流中被真正抓住了。 > Eventually they changed their name to twitch that TV to focus exclusively on competitive gaming. 最终，他们改变了名字，把电视变成了只关注竞争游戏的电视节目。 > They are now one of the most valuable properties on the Internet. 它们现在是互联网上最有价值的财产之一。 > Their average daily viewer watches over 100 minutes per day and they are the fourth largest source ofU.S. 他们平均每天观看超过 100 分钟，他们是美国的第四大来源。 > Internet traffic after Netflix Google and Apple. 继 Netflix、谷歌和苹果之后的互联网流量。 > I had no idea that would happen. 我不知道会发生这种事。 > I\'ve mainly invested because it sounded like an interesting experiment. 我主要是投资，因为这听起来像是一个有趣的实验。 > The founder seemed to genuinely believe that they were onto something. 这位创始人似乎真的相信他们在做什么。 > Interesting this is a sign of unexplored or under explorer territory. 有趣的是，这是一个未经探索或在探险者的领土下的迹象。 > If I already know what the outcome is going to be that\'s not very interesting. 如果我已经知道结果会是什么\不是很有趣。 > If it\'s completely random like gambling that\'s also not very interesting. 如果它是完全随机的，像赌博，那也不是很有趣。 > But I find that great startups exist in space of productive uncertainty. 但我发现，伟大的初创企业存在于生产不确定性的空间中。 > Regardless of whether they succeed or fail. 不管他们是成功还是失败。 > I\'m likely to learn something interesting. 我可能会学到一些有趣的东西。 > That was my logic when joining Google in 1999. 这就是我 1999 年加入谷歌时的逻辑。 > I expected that they would likely get squashed by the much larger AltaVista. 我预计他们可能会被更大的 AltaVista 压扁。 > But the people were really smart. 但人们真的很聪明。 > So I believe that I could learn a lot in the process. 所以我相信在这个过程中我可以学到很多东西。 > In fact. 事实上。 > I can guarantee success by simply redefining success to include learning something interesting. 我可以通过简单地重新定义成功来保证成功，包括学习一些有趣的东西。 > In this way. 用这种方式。 > I\'ve always succeeded and also learned a lot. 我一直很成功，也学到了很多东西。 > If you startup has only one definition of success you\'re then you are setting yourself up for failure. 如果你的创业只有一个成功的定义，那么你就是在为失败做准备。 > It\'s tragic how many people are sacrificing their lives on some startup that they don\'t really care about in pursuit of some external success. 可悲的是，有多少人为了追求外部的成功而牺牲了自己的生命。 > They\'ll likely never achieve. 他们很可能永远不会实现。 > Personally I think it\'s a mistake. 我个人认为这是个错误。 > `[00:12:12]` Which leads me to pattern number five. `[00:12:12]` 这就引出了第五种模式。 > Love what you do. 喜欢你做的事。 > It\'s often said that you should do what you love but that\'s mostly bad advice. 人们常说你应该做你喜欢做的事，但这大多是坏建议。 > `[00:12:24]` It encourages people to grind away their lives in pursuit of some mostly unattainable goal such as being a movie star or billion our startup founder. `[00:12:24]` 它鼓励人们为了追求一些根本无法实现的目标而磨蹭自己的生活，比如成为电影明星，或者成为我们的初创公司创始人。 > And even if they do make it often reality is nothing like they imagined it would be. 即使他们经常这样做，现实也不像他们想象的那样。 > So they\'re still unhappy. 所以他们仍然不开心。 > Do what you love is in the future. 做你喜欢做的事是在未来。 > Love what you do is right now. 喜欢你现在所做的事。 > As with the other patterns it\'s meant to guide the small decisions that we make every moment of everyday. 和其他模式一样，它的目的是指导我们每天每一刻所做的小决定。 > It\'s also about changing what you do and more about changing how you do it. 它也是关于改变你所做的事情，更多的是改变你的工作方式。 > One of the problems with having a goal oriented extrinsic mindset is that it treats the time between now and task completion as an annoying obstacle to be endured. 有一种面向目标的外在心态的问题之一是，它把从现在到任务完成之间的时间当作一个恼人的障碍来忍受。 > If you\'re doing something as difficult uncertain and takes a long time such as building a new product or company and you have that mindset then you\'re likely gambling away a big chunk of your life. 如果你正在做一些困难、不确定、需要很长时间的事情，比如建立一个新的产品或公司，而你有这种心态，那么你很可能在你生命中的大部分时间都在赌博。 > Subconsciously. 下意识的。 > You may also compensate by choosing smaller more realistic goals and that\'s unfortunate. 你也可以通过选择更小、更现实的目标来弥补这一点，这是很不幸的。 > Plus it\'s unpleasant. 再加上这令人不快。 > When I was working long hours at Google it wasn\'t because they were whipping us to work harder. 当我在谷歌工作很长时间的时候，这并不是因为他们在鞭打我们，让我们更努力地工作。 > I would have quit. 我会辞职的。 > I was doing it because I genuinely love building things. 我这么做是因为我真的喜欢做东西。 > It wasn\'t all fun of course but I typically enjoyed at least 80 percent of my day. 当然，这并不是很有趣，但我一天中至少 80%的时间都很享受。 > Do what you love treats what you love is a fix thing. 做你所爱的事，对待你所爱的是一件固定的事情。 > But it\'s not. 但事实并非如此。 > I used to hate running. 我以前讨厌跑步。 > I would sometimes force myself to run a few miles because it\'s supposed to be healthy. 我有时会强迫自己跑几英里，因为它应该是健康的。 > But I never liked it. 但我从来不喜欢。 > Then I read a book that said we were born to run and that it can be fun. 然后我读了一本书，书上说我们生来就是跑步的人，而且很有趣。 > Inspired I decided to try running just for fun. 受到启发，我决定尝试跑步只是为了好玩。 > Focus on the quality of every step and forget about the goal completion aspect of it. 关注每一步的质量，忘记它的目标完成方面。 > Very quickly. 很快。 > I learned to enjoy running and over time I\'ve transformed my entire relationship with fitness and exercise to be oriented more towards enjoyment. 我学会了享受跑步，随着时间的推移，我改变了我与健身和锻炼的整个关系，使我更倾向于享受。 > Naturally this more intrinsic approach ultimately improves the quality of our efforts. 当然，这一更为内在的办法最终提高了我们努力的质量。 > Which generally leads to greater extrinsic rewards as well. 这通常也会带来更多的外在回报。 > Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation are best when they\'re both pointed in the same direction. 当内在动机和外在动机都指向相同的方向时，它们是最好的。 > Real work always seems to involve a certain amount of unpleasant grinding. 真正的工作似乎总是涉及到一定数量的令人不快的磨难。 > For though startups often have a lot of it. 因为虽然创业公司经常有很多这样的东西。 > It\'s like having a baby. 就像生孩子一样。 > Is 5 percent cute adorable moments and 95 percent dirty diapers and vomit. 是百分之五可爱的时刻和百分之九十五的脏尿布和呕吐物。 > The key to loving these more unpleasant moments is meaning. 爱这些更令人不快的时刻的关键是意义。 > If we generally genuinely care about and believe in our mission then those difficult times begin to take on a more heroic quality. 如果我们普遍真正关心和相信我们的使命，那么这些困难时期就开始呈现出一种更加英勇的品质。 > Although it\'s critical for a startup to have very immediate and actionable plans such as write code and talk to users. 不过，对于一家初创企业来说，拥有非常即时和可操作的计划是至关重要的，比如编写代码和与用户对话。 > I believe it\'s also important to maintain a meaningful and inspiring vision. 我认为保持一个有意义和鼓舞人心的愿景也很重要。 > The sixth and final pattern for today is one that I borrowed from Google. 今天的第六种也是最后一种模式是我从谷歌那里借来的。 > Maintain a healthy disregard for the impossible. 对不可能的事情保持健康的漠视。 > I think Larry Page learned this as a kid at summer camp. 我想拉里·佩奇是在夏令营时学到的。 > And to me it represents the true innovative spirit of the company. 对我来说，它代表了公司真正的创新精神。 > Now that Google is huge and many have grown cynical about the company. 现在谷歌已经很庞大了，很多人对谷歌越来越愤世嫉俗。 > It\'s easy to dismiss such things. 这样的事情很容易被忽视。 > But I remember when it was a tiny startup that nobody had heard of and I had to explain to people that it was like Yahoo. 但我记得这是一家没有人听说过的小公司，我不得不向人们解释，它就像雅虎(Yahoo)。 > Minus all of the features other than search. 减去搜索以外的所有其他功能。 > People would just give me the sad look that seemed to say. 人们只会给我一个悲伤的眼神，好像在说。 > `[00:15:39]` I\'m sorry you can\'t get a real job. 很抱歉你找不到真正的工作。 > `[00:15:41]` Laughter. `[00:15:41]` 笑声。 > But inside the company there were these absurdly ambitious ideas. 但在公司内部，有这些荒谬的野心勃勃的想法。 > They made it feel like we were going to take over the world. 他们让人觉得我们要接管世界。 > It was an exciting place to be. 那是个令人兴奋的地方。 > Larry wanted to store and search the whole web in memory even though our machines only had a quarter gigabyte of RAM. 拉里想在内存中存储和搜索整个网络，尽管我们的机器只有四分之一 GB 的内存。 > It was unrealistic at the time but Moore\'s law moves fast and very soon we were doing it but only because everyone\'s thinking was already oriented in that direction. 这在当时是不现实的，但摩尔定律发展得很快，很快我们就开始这么做了，但这只是因为每个人的思维都已经朝着这个方向发展。 > He also wanted self driving cars that would deliver hamburgers. 他还想要自动驾驶汽车运送汉堡包。 > That hasn\'t happened yet but I bet it will. 这件事还没有发生，但我敢打赌会发生的。 > For me. 对我来说。 > Potentially impossible goals are much more inspiring than realistic ones. 潜在的不可能的目标比现实的目标更鼓舞人心。 > I\'d rather fail at something awesome than succeed at something inconsequential. 我宁愿在令人敬畏的事情上失败，也不愿在无关紧要的事情上取得成功。 > As with many of the other patterns this one is about continually shedding the limitations of outdated thinking. 与许多其他模式一样，这一种模式是关于不断地摆脱过时思维的限制。 > When I decide to write theG.M. 当我决定写通用汽车的时候。 > interface in JavaScript. 接口使用 JavaScript。 > Pretty much everyone who knew anything about Javascript or Web browsers told me that it was a bad idea. 几乎所有了解 Javascript 或 Web 浏览器的人都告诉我，这是个坏主意。 > It had been tried in the past and always ended in disaster. 它过去曾尝试过，但总是以灾难告终。 > But times change fast. 但时代变化很快。 > Unfortunately I was in an environment where doing impossible things was not just permitted but encouraged. 不幸的是，我所处的环境中，做不可能的事情不仅是被允许的，而且是被鼓励的。 > After we launched the impossible quickly became the new normal completely changing how we think about web apps. 在我们推出“不可能”之后，我们很快就变成了新的常态，完全改变了我们对网络应用的看法。 > That\'s fun. 那很有趣。 > For me. 对我来说。 > Startups are more than just a clever way to make money. 创业不仅仅是一种聪明的赚钱方式。 > They\'re machines for harnessing the fire of human self-interest creating a self-sustaining reaction capable of rapidly transforming the world. 它们是用来利用人类自身利益之火的机器，创造出一种能够迅速改变世界的自我维持的反应。 > Self-interest is often treated as if it were dirty or wrong. 自私自利常常被当作是肮脏的或错误的。 > But NASA didn\'t get to the moon by vilifying gravity. 但是美国宇航局并没有通过诋毁重力到达月球。 > It\'s often assumed that business is all about money. 人们常认为生意都是为了钱。 > But to me that\'s like saying that rockets are all about rocket fuel. 但对我来说，这就像说火箭都是火箭燃料。 > On some level it\'s true. 在某种程度上这是真的。 > You don\'t even make it off the launch pad without fuel. 你甚至不能在没有燃料的情况下离开发射台。 > But that myopic view misses out on the larger purpose and mission of the machine. 但是，这种短视的观点忽略了这台机器的更大的目的和使命。 > Certainly some businesses really are about nothing more than making money. 当然，有些企业只是为了赚钱。 > But among the truly significant founders I\'ve known there\'s always a larger purpose. 但在我所知道的真正重要的创始人中，总有一个更大的目标。 > It\'s not just a nihilistic pursuit of rocket fuel. 这不仅仅是对火箭燃料的虚无主义追求。 > Before I finish. 在我说完之前。 > I want to mention my impossible goal. 我想提一下我不可能达到的目标。 > We now for the first time ever have the technology and resources necessary to make the world a great place for everyone. 我们现在第一次拥有必要的技术和资源，使世界成为每个人的美好地方。 > We can provide adequate food housing education and health care for everyone using only a fraction of our labor and resources. 我们只需一小部分劳动力和资源，就可以为每个人提供足够的食物、住房、教育和保健。 > This means that we can put an end to wage slavery. 这意味着我们可以结束工资奴隶制。 > I don\'t have to work. 我不用工作。 > I choose to work. 我选择工作。 > And I believe that everyone deserves the same freedom I have. 我相信每个人都应该得到我所拥有的同样的自由。 > If done right it\'s also economically superior meaning that we will all have more wealth. 如果做得对，这在经济上也是优越的，这意味着我们都将拥有更多的财富。 > We often talk about how brilliant or visionary Steve Jobs was but there are probably millions of people just as brilliant as he was. 我们经常谈论史蒂夫·乔布斯有多聪明或有远见，但可能有数以百万计的人和他一样聪明。 > The difference is that they likely didn\'t grow up with great parents amazing teachers in an environment where innovation was the norm. 不同之处在于，他们很可能不是在一个以创新为规范的环境中与伟大的父母一起成长的。 > Also they didn\'t live down the street from Steve Wozniak. 而且，他们也没有住在史蒂夫沃兹尼亚克的街道上。 > Economically we don\'t need more jobs. 经济上我们不需要更多的工作。 > We need more Steve Jobs. 我们需要更多的史蒂夫·乔布斯。 > When we set everyone free we enabled the outliers everywhere. 当我们把每个人都放出来时，我们让所有的离群点都能找到。 > The result will be an unprecedented boom in human creativity and ingenuity. 其结果将是人类创造力和创造力的空前繁荣。 > And now the impossible part. 现在不可能的部分。 > First we have to learn how to get along with each other. 首先，我们必须学会如何相处。 > And with ourselves. 还有我们自己。 > I\'m looking for full stack hackers. 我在找一堆黑客。 > People who understand that technology is more than just patterns and silicon. 了解技术不仅仅是模式和硅的人。 > The same patterns and systems of patterns exists everywhere. 同样的模式和模式体系无处不在。 > Capitalism is a technology. 资本主义是一种技术。 > Like the internal combustion engine. 就像内燃机一样。 > It\'s tremendously valuable and transformative. 它具有巨大的价值和变革性。 > But it\'s not beyond improvement. 但这也不止于此。 > The same goes for government religion and everything else. 政府的宗教和其他一切也是如此。 > We have an incredible future ahead of us. 我们还有一个不可思议的未来。 > We won\'t get there by clinging to obsolete patterns. 我们坚持过时的模式是不可能达到目的。 > As founders we must start small and work with the grain of what is. 作为创立者，我们必须从小做起，以现有的方式工作。 > The path is never obvious and innovation happens in the most unexpected ways. 这条路从来都不是显而易见的，创新是以最意想不到的方式发生的。 > The personal computer was originally dismissed as a toy. 这台个人电脑最初被认为是玩具。 > If you think Instagram is just a collection of photo filters you\'re missing the big picture. 如果你认为 Instagram 只是一组照片过滤器，那么你就错过了这张大照片。 > Maybe photo sharing will lead directly to world peace but helping people to see the world through the eyes of others looks like a step in the right direction. 也许分享照片将直接导致世界和平，但帮助人们通过别人的眼睛来看待世界，似乎是朝着正确的方向迈出了一步。 > To me. 对我来说。 > And they grew to over 200 million users in less than four years. 在不到四年的时间里，他们的用户就超过了 2 亿。 > That\'s larger than most countries. 那比大多数国家都大。 > That\'s the power of a startup. 这就是创业的力量。 > As Richard Feynman said. 就像理查德·费曼说的。 > The worthwhile problems are the ones you can really solve or help solve the ones you can really contribute something to. 有价值的问题是那些你能真正解决或帮助解决的问题，那些你能真正为之做出贡献的问题。 > Don\'t be discouraged by people who dismiss your efforts as trivial just because you aren\'t curing cancer or traveling to Mars. 不要因为你没有治愈癌症或者去火星旅行而对你的努力视而不见。 > The patterns I\'ve presented today are about developing an independent mind unburdened by the limitations of other people\'s thinking. 我今天提出的模式是培养一个独立的头脑，不受其他人思维的限制。 > Then you can judge for yourself what is worthwhile and move forward with the conviction necessary to do something great. 然后，你可以自己判断什么是值得的，并带着必要的信念向前迈进，去做一件伟大的事情。 > A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行，始于足下 > `[00:20:42]` Thank you. `[00:20:42]` 谢谢。